Animals ; Heart ; growth & development ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Nerve Growth Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To explore the inner feelings of gestational diabetes at their primary use of the real-time blood glucose monitoring. Method Using the qualitative method, 10 gestational diabetic patients monitored their blood glucose using the real-time blood glucose monitoring for the first time and then were interviewed, the acquired results treated with phenomenological analysis. Result The inner feelings of the 10 patients were summarized including 5 themes:worry about the safety of the fetus, fear on alarming at monitoring, different views on four times input of finger blood glucose values, worry about inaccuracy in blood glucose monitoring data, changes in mental conditions and diets. Conclusion Health care workers should provide the gestational diabetic patients with targeted care strategies based on presence of psychological status and knowledge needs so as to improve their compliance, reduce the psychological burden of patients and control their blood glucose level.

OBJECTIVETo sum up the experience in diagnosis and treatment of Fournier's gangrene and find an optimal evaluation tool for its prognosis by comparing currently used prognostic scoring systems.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed 16 cases of Fournier's gangrene diagnosed and surgically treated in our hospital between 2004 and 2012. Using Fournier's Gangrene Severity Index (FGSI), Uludag Fournier's Gangrene Severity Index (UFGSI), Age-Adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (ACCI), and Surgical Apgar Score (sAPGAR) , we obtained the prognostic scores of the patients and made comparisons among different scoring systems.

RESULTSFGSI, UFGSI, ACCI, and sAPGAR were all clinically used scoring systems. Statistically significant differences were found in the scores of ACCI and UFGSI but not in those of FGSI and sAPGAR between the death and survival groups, with the maximum area under the ROC curve and minimum standard error for the ACCI score.

CONCLUSIONBoth ACCI and UFGSI are useful for evaluating the prognosis of Fournier's gangrene. However, ACCI is even better for its higher sensitivity and specificity and easier clinical collection.

Age Factors ; Aged ; Fournier Gangrene ; diagnosis ; mortality ; surgery ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Severity of Illness Index

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of red cell distribution width (RDW) and relationship between RDW and severity of critical illness patients and prognostic role of RDW.Methods This was a prospective observational and diagnostic test study.From February 2011 to May 2013,196 medical patients in ICU were enrolled to study.Blood samples were taken within 24 hrs after admission to ICU for blood routine test and other chemical routine test,including RDW.Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score were also calculated.The patients were divided into survival group (n =126) and death group (n =70) based on their hospital outcomes.Differences in RDW levels and APACHE Ⅱ score between survival and death groups were compared with One-way ANOVA.The correlation between RDW and APACHE Ⅱ score were analyzed by Spearman correlation test.Receiver operator curve (ROC) test was used to determine the predictive value of RDW and APACHE Ⅱ for hospital death.Results Both RDW level and APACHE Ⅱ score were significantly higher in death group than those in survival group,whichwere (13.35 ±2.21) vs.(11.34 ±1.32) and (20.43 ±6.41) vs.(13.94 ±6.77) respectively (both P ＜ 0.01).RDW significantly correlated with APACHE Ⅱ score (r =0.309,P ＜0.01).To predict hospital death area under curve (AUC) of ROC curve by RDW and APACHE Ⅱ score were 0.792 (0.725,0.860) and 0.754 (0.686,0.822) respectively.The best cut-off value was determined by Yoden Index were 12.35 for RDW and 17.5 for APACHE Ⅱ score.The Accuracy of prediction was 76.5％ and 70.4％ respectively.In addition,all the 12 paticnts whose RDW level ＞ 15.4 were dead.Conclusion RDW level at admission to ICU correlate well with the severity of critical illness.RDW level has an additional predictive value for the prognosis of critical ill patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate how network education can improve college students' knowledge on sexual and reproductive health in Ningbo city.

METHODSFrom December 2012 to June 2013, we conducted a questionnaire investigation among college students in Ningbo city about the effects of network education on their knowledge about sexual psychology, sexual physiology, sexual ethics, and reproductive health.

RESULTSA total of 7 362 college students accomplished the investigation, of whom 2 483 (42.1% males and 57.9% females) received network education, while the other 4 879 (24.1% males and 75.9% females) did not. Approximately 47.1% of the male and 28.0% of the female students acquired sexual and reproductive knowledge via network education. Reproductive health-related network education significantly enriched the students' knowledge about the reproductive system and sex, pubertal development, sexual physiology, conception and embryonic development, methods of contraception, sexual psychology, sexually transmitted diseases and their prevention, pregnancy care and eugenics, and environment- and occupation-related reproductive health (P < 0.01). It also remarkably improved their cognitive attitude towards reproductive health knowledge (P < 0.01). Those who received reproductive health-related network education showed a significantly higher rate of masturbation (P < 0.01) but markedly later time of the first masturbation (P < 0.01) than those who did not.

CONCLUSIONNetwork education can enhance the effect of reproductive health education among college students and improve their sexual experience and health.

China ; Contraception ; Female ; Health Education ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Masturbation ; Pregnancy ; Reproduction ; Reproductive Health ; Sexual Behavior ; physiology ; psychology ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Universities

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effects and the possible mechanism of shengmai for injection(SM) against the experimental acute cardiogenic shock.

METHODThe experimental acute cardiogenic shock model was established by ligating the anterior descending cornonary in dogs. The effects of SM on cardiogenic shock were investigated by measuring the hemodynamics parameter, the activity of LDH, CK, SOD and the contents of MDA in blood serum.

RESULTIn the dogs treated with SM, the mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), left ventricular pressure (LVP), the maximum of its first derivative (+/- dp/dtmax), the cardiac output (CO) and the cardiac index (CI) were increased significantly. The left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and the peripheral vascular resistance (TPVR) were decreased significantly, the myocardial infarct size was redused observely. In addition, the activity of LDH, CK and the contents of MDA in serum were decreased significantly, however the activity of SOD was increased observely.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicate that SM has the protective effects on cardiogenic shock.

Animals ; Cardiac Output ; drug effects ; Cardiotonic Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Dogs ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; physiology ; Injections, Intravenous ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; blood ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Myocardial Infarction ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Ophiopogon ; chemistry ; Panax ; chemistry ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Schisandra ; chemistry ; Shock, Cardiogenic ; blood ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Vascular Resistance ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological features and surgical treatment of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma (PSH).

METHODSClinic data of PSH patients admitted by surgical resection from January 1985 to December 2010 was analyzed retrospectively. One hundred and sixty-five patients were enrolled in the study. There were 27 male and 138 female patients with a mean age of (48 ± 13) years. Seventy-nine patients were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Eighty-nine tumors arose in the right lung (27 in right upper lobe, 24 in right middle lobe, 34 in right lower lobe, 2 in right upper lobe with invasion of right middle lobe, 1 in right middle lobe with invasion of right lower lobe, and 1 case with multiple lobe lesions), 75 in the left (33 in left upper lobe, 42 in left lower lobe), and 1 in the bilateral. There were huge mass lesions in 2 cases, endobronchial lesions in 2 cases, and multiple lesions in 6 cases. The mean size of the lesion was (2.6 ± 0.9) cm (ranging from 0.9 to 10.0 cm). Forty-eight cases (29.1%) were misdiagnosed as malignancies preoperatively, and 41 cases (24.8%) were misdiagnosed intraoperatively.

RESULTSResections were performed by means of video-assisted thoracoscopy (n = 53) and thoracotomy (n = 112). Surgical resection included pulmonary wedge excision in 61 patients, lobectomy in 89 patients, right bilobectomy in 5 patients, anatomic segmentectomy in 2 patient, enucleation in 6 patients, and synchronous bilateral pulmonary wedge resection in 1 patient. Operative mortality and morbidity occurred in 0 and 2 (4.3%) patients, respectively. Mean follow-up was 34.7 months (ranging from 6 to 62 months). There was no local recurrence or death from PSH.

CONCLUSIONSPSH is a rare benign lung tumor. It is difficult to make accurate diagnosis preoperatively, and sometimes even intraoperative frozen sections can't differentiate it from malignant tumors. Surgical resection is usually indicated for definite diagnosis and treatment. Partial resection is a sufficient treatment in view of uncommon tumor recurrence. Thoracoscopic surgery is recommended for PSH.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonectomy ; Pulmonary Sclerosing Hemangioma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy of 2 available periodontal systems for local delivery of antibiotics.

METHODS26 teeth with moderate to severe periodontitis (PD > or = 4 mm) from 11 patients were selected. The teeth were randomly divided into test group and control group. Periocline (2% minocycline hydrochoride ointment) was applied to the teeth in the test group, while Yakang (local metronidazole) was applied in the control group. The data including clinical indices and microbiological parameters was collected before and on the 7th, 14th day after the therapy.

RESULTSBefore treatment, the mean of each clinical indices and microbiological parameters between the two groups was not different (P > 0.05). But both groups demonstrated significant differences with control after treatment (P < 0.05), while there were no significant differences between the two test groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBoth Periocline and Yakang were effective and secure local delivery drug for treating periodontitis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Metronidazole ; therapeutic use ; Minocycline ; therapeutic use ; Ointments ; therapeutic use ; Periodontitis ; drug therapy

Decoction is one of the most commonly used dosage forms of traditional Chinese medicine. The stability of chemical constituents in decoction is closely related to the clinical efficacy and safety. There were few reports about the influence of metal ions in the stability of chemical constituents in traditional Chinese medicine. However, there is no evidence that metal ions in decoction water need to be controlled. In this study, 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy stilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (THSG), one of the main constituents in Polygoni Multiflori Radix was studied. Ordinary tap water, deionized water, and water containing different metal ions were used to investigate and compare the influence on THSG. The results showed that after storage in a dark place at the room temperature for 10 days, the degradation of THSG was 7% in deionized water, while undetectable in tap water. The content of THSG could be decreased by different kinds of metal ions, and the effect was concentration-dependent. Moreover, Fe3+ and Fe2+ showed the greatest influence at the same concentration; and our study has shown that THSG decreased more than 98% in Fe and Fe2+ solutions at 500 ppm concentration. In the same time we found out p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (molecular weight: 122.036 7) and 2,3,5-trihydroxybenzaldehyde-2-O-glycoside (molecular weight: 316.079 4) were the main degradation products of THSG in tap water and water containing Cu2+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Mg2+ and Al3+. The product of THSG dimer with a water molecule was found in water containing Fe3+ and Fe2+. The above results showed that the metal ions in water could significantly influence the stability of THSG in water, indicating that the clinical efficacy and safety of decoction would be affected if the metal ions in water were not under control. It's suggested that deionized water should be used in the preparation of decoction containing Polygoni Multiflori Radix in the clinic to avoid degradation of THSG. Meanwhile, decoction prepared by tap water should be taken by patients in a short time. Our investigation provides important information and reference about the influence of metal ions on the stability of decoctions in other traditional Chinese medicine that have unstable groups such as hydroxyls and unsaturated bonds, etc.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; Ions ; chemistry ; Metals ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Polygonaceae ; chemistry ; Stilbenes ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the roles of surviving and caspase-3 in the development of oral cancer.

METHODSArchival tissue sections of 17 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), 28 oral leukoplakia with dysplasia, 10 normal oral mucosa were obtained from Capital Medical University School of Stomatology for immunohistochemical staining of markers of survivin and caspase-3. The cell apoptosis was detected with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nucleotide shift enzyme (TdT) mediated d-UTP end labeling (TUNEL). Positively stained cells were counted and analyzed statistically to determine potential relationship between survivin, caspase-3 and cell apoptosis.

RESULTSThe expression of survivin was faint or negative in normal epithelial cells. The average positive rate of survivin was (1.05 ± 1.21)% in control group and (21.89 ± 10.45)% in OSCC. Caspase-3 was expressed in all the normal mucosa,but it obviously down-regulated in dysplasia and OSCC. The apoptosis index (AI) decreased from (0.89 ± 0.46)% in normal mucosa to (0.21 ± 0.12)% in OSCC.

CONCLUSIONSBoth survivin and caspase-3 are associated with carcinogenesis of the oral mucosa. Survivin may restrain cell apoptosis by inhibiting caspase-3.

Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; enzymology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; metabolism ; Leukoplakia, Oral ; enzymology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mouth Mucosa ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Mouth Neoplasms ; enzymology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Precancerous Conditions ; enzymology ; metabolism ; pathology