AIM: To investigate the effect of lowering intraocular pressure ( IOP ) and side effect of travoprost ( TA ) on phacoemulsification and intraoclular lens ( IOL ) implantation in primary open-angle glaucoma ( POAG) .
METHODS: Patients with POAG already received surgery of phacoemulsification and IOL implantation were selected by randomized, single - blind, parallel group trial. TA was applied once a day in 43 patients (43 eyes) of treatment group and brinzolamide was used twice in 43 patients ( 43 eyes ) of control group. All patients were observed for 12wk. IOP, ocular symptom and adverse reaction etc. were observed.
RESULTS: The daily average IOP ( mean ± standard deviation) in the treatment group decreased from (24. 20±3.01)mmHg (1mmHg=0.133kPa) to (16.77±2.89)mmHg and that in the control group was from ( 23. 87±3. 47 ) mmHg to ( 18. 81± 3. 07 ) mmHg. IOP pre- and pro-treatment within two groups had significant difference ( P<0. 01), IOP between the groups at each time point had statistical difference (P<0. 05). Conjunetival congestion increased and itching in treatment group was obviously more serious than that in the control group, but the treatment could continue. No other ocular and systemic adverse events related to the drugs were found.
CONCLUSION: It is demonstrated that travoprost is highly effective and safe in reducing IOP in POAG already received surgery of phacoemulsification and IOL implantation.

Objective To compare the treatment effects,dosimetry,and toxicities to organs at risk of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and 3-dimentional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) plans for cervical carcinoma patients with recurrence and metastasis. Methods 62 cervical carcinoma patients with recurrence and metastasis were analyzed retrospectively, and divided into two groups including intensitymodulated radiation therapy group (n=29) and 3-dimentional conformal radiotherapy group (n=32).Patients were performed with 6 MV-X ray.The regimen was 1.8-2.2 Gy/f,1 f/d,18-33 times in total.Prescribed dose was 40-60 Gy and median dose was 52.8 Gy. At the same time for the IMRT group 29 cases were performed with 3DCRT, which was designed using the same prescribed dose to compare radiation dose distributed in organs at risk (OAR).Results The maximum dose of the two plans showed that bladder and small intestine in IMRT plans were lower than that in 3DCRT (P＜0.05), showing the IMRT's protective advantage. The maximum dose of PTV in IMRT plans were significantly higher than 3DCRT (P＜0.05). In the group of IMRT plans, the overall 1-,2-,and 3-year survival rates were 65.5 ％(19/29), 42.1％(8/19), and 25.0 ％(2/8),respectively,the median survival time was 19 months,of 28 deaths,21 patients died of tumor progression,7 patients died of distant metastases.In the group of 3DCRT plans,the overall 1-,2-,and 3-year survival rates were 60.6 ％(20/33),35.0 ％(7/20),and 14.3 ％(1/7),respectively,the median survival time was 17 months,of 32 deaths, 24 patients died of tumor progression, 8 patients died of distant metastasis. There were no significant differences in overall 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates between the two groups (P＞0.05). The incidence rate of toxicity in the IMRT plans was significantly lower than that in the 3DCRT plans, especially for patients with Ⅰ level and Ⅱ level.Conclusion The treatment effects of the IMRT plans are better than the 3DCRT plans for cervical carcinoma patients with recurrence and metastasis. IMRT plans can improve radiation dose in tumors and reduce the dose distributed in normal issue and reduce the incidence of the side effect.

? AIM: To investigate the influence of phacoemulsification on corneal endothelial cells and its injury risk factors in diabetic cataract patients.?METHODS: From January 2013 to October 2015, 186 diabetic cataract patients ( 224 eyes ) as diabetes group and 190 patients with simple cataract ( 227 eyes ) as control group in our hospital were enrolled. All patients received phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation. Observation of corneal endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation and percentage of hexagonal cells preoperatively, 1d, 1wk, 1 and 3mo postoperatively were carried out, and multiple Logistic regression analysis for risk factors of corneal endothelial cell injury was taken.?RESULTS: There were no significant difference in the density of corneal endothelial cells, the coefficient of variation and the percentage of hexagonal cells between the two groups before surgery (P>0. 05). Each time point after operation corneal endothelial cell density and the percentage of hexagonal endothelial cells of diabetes group were significantly lower than the preoperative and those of control group ( P < 0. 05 ). Each time after operation endothelial cell coefficient of variation of diabetes group were significantly higher than the preoperative(P<0. 05). The endothelial cell coefficient of variation in diabetes group of the 1wk, 1 and 3mo after operation were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P<0. 05 ) . Corneal endothelial cell density and percentage of hexagonal cells of the control group at 1wk, 1 and 3mo after operation were significantly lower than the preoperative ( P<0. 05 ). The endothelial cell coefficient of variation of control group at 1wk, 1 and 3mo after operation were significantly higher than the preoperative(P<0. 05). Single factor analysis showed that age, shallow anterior chamber, long ultrasonic time, short eye axis, high energy ultrasonic, high cumulative released energy, a lot of perfusate and nuclear hardness ≥ grade Ⅲ associated with corneal endothelial cell injury ( P< 0. 05 ) . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, long ultrasonic time, high ultrasonic energy, high cumulative released energy and nuclear hardness ≥ grade Ⅲ were the risk factors of corneal endothelial cell injury, the OR value and 95%CI were 1. 742 (1. 056-2. 682), 1. 958 (1. 227-3. 135), 2. 064(1. 274-3. 256), 2. 585(1. 493-3. 682), 2. 193 (1. 348-3. 316).?CONCLUSION: The injury of corneal endothelial cells after phacoemulsification in diabetic cataract patients is more serious than in patients with simple cataract. Age, long ultrasonic time, high ultrasonic energy, high cumulative released energy and nuclear hardness ≥grade Ⅲ are the risk factors of corneal endothelial cell injury.

Objective To study the protection and mechanism of co-administration of vitamin E with coenzyme Q10(CoQ10) to valproate-associated hepatotoxicity in infantal rats.Methods The rat models were established by oral administration of valproic acid(VPA) in ablactation(21 days) Wistar rats,at doses of 500 mg/(kg?d) during 30 days,other groups received the same amount of VPA with phemobarbitone(PB) and co-administration with vitamin E and CoQ10.The changes of liver cell morphology and the blood coagulation test,as well as the contents of succinic dehydrogenase(SDH),cytochrome oxidase(CCO),cytochrome,the levels of glutothione(GSH) and malondial dehyde(MDA) in rat liver mitochondria were detected by chromatometry,HPLC,Oil-Red-O staining and electron microscope,respectively.Results 1.Average content of cytochrome aa3 in liver mitochondria of infantal rats were reduced by 58.80% and(61.80%) because of administration of VPA and VPA added with PB.The protection against the loss of cytochrome aa3 by coadministration of VitE and CoQ10 was obvious.As for activities of SDH and CCO,which affected by VPA and VPA added with PB in rats,were significantly lowered compared with control group(P

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of Lingzhu Infusion and Shenqi Capsule sequential therapy in combination with clomiphene citrate(CC)for polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS).Methods The 90 PCOS cases in accordance with the enrol- ment standard were randomized into three groups.The treatment groupⅠwas treated with Lingzhu Infusion and Shenqi Capsule se- quential therapy,the treatment groupⅡwas treated with Lingzhu Infusion and Shenqi Capsule sequential therapy and CC,and the control group was treated with CC only.The therapeutic effect was evaluated after two courses of treatment.Results After treat- ment,the changes of TCM syndromes and serum sex hormone indices,ovulation rate and conception rate of the treatment groupⅡwere all superior to those of the treatment groupⅠand the control group.Conclusion The effect of treatment groupⅠis similar to that of control group.The effect of treatment groupⅡis better than that of treatment groupⅠand control group,getting a higher ovulation rate and pregnancy rate.

Objective:To explore the role of indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO),an immunomodulatory enzyme,in renal cell carcinoma (RCC).Methods:A total of 40 patients diagnosed as RCC in the Second Xiangya Hospital were included in this study.All patients received nephrectomy.The histopathological features of samples were assessed semi-quantitatively.IDO mRNA level in RCC and non-RCC renal tissues was determined by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).And the expression of IDO protein in endothelial cells was examined by immunohistochemistry; a Kaplan-Meier survival curves was calculated on the basis of IDO mRNA level.Results:Level of IDO mRNA in RCC samples was significantly higher than that in tumor-free samples with P＜0.001.Patients with high IDO expression had an significantly longer survival time than those with low IDO expression (P=0.01).There was a statistically significant inverse correlation between IDO and proliferation marker Ki67.Patients with high IDO level were of low Ki67 level,and vice versa (P＜0.01).Conclusion:IDO might be a prognostic biomarker for patients with RCC.

· AlM: To investigate the correlation of retinal vein occlusion ( RVO ) with blood lipids and carotid artery changes.
· METHODS: Forty cases ( 40 eyes ) with RVO who presented to Eye Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University between May 2013 and April 2014 were selected as the research objects. Proceeded blood lipids and color doppler ultrasonography examination, including total cholesterol ( TC ) , triglycerides ( TG ) , high -density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , common carotid artery intima-media thickness, carotid plaques, internal carotid artery blood flow mechanics parameters were detected.Thirty eyes ( 30 cases ) were enrolled as control underwent above examinations.
·RESULTS:TC, TG, LDL-C of RVO group was obviously higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05), while HDL-C level was obviously lower than that of the control group ( P<0.05 ). lncidence of carotid artery plaque formation in RVO group was obviously higher than that in the control group. lntima-media thickness ( lMT ) of common carotid artery was obviously increased in RVO group (P<0.05).Both peak systolic velocity ( PSV) and end diastolic velocity ( EDV ) of internal carotid artery reduced (P<0.05), and Resistance index (Rl) increased (P<0.05).The eyes of the sick side and the contralateral carotid artery measured value had no statistical difference ( P >0.05 ) . There were also no statistical difference between ipsilateral and contralateral carotid artery measured value of control group (P>0.05).There were no differences in age, sex between RVO group and control group (P>0.05).
· CONCLUSlON: Lipid metabolism disorder, carotid artery changes is closely related to the pathogenesis of RVO.

To compare the characteristics of absorption and pharmacokinetic behavior of ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) with ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) of panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), bile excretion of both Rg1 and Rb1 were studied after i.v. and i.g. of PNS solution. Plasma protein binding ratios were studied using equilibrium dialysis method, and referred to pharmacokinetic parameters. It shows that (61.48 +/- 18.30)% dose of Rg1 and (3.94 +/- 1.49)% dose of Rb1 were separately excreted into bile 10 hours after i.v. administration (PNS 50 mg x mL(-1)), and (0.91 +/- 0.51)% dose of Rg1 and (0.055 +/- 0.02)% dose of Rb1 were excreted into bile 12 hours after i.g. administration (PNS 1 500 mg x mL(-1)). Plasma protein binding degrees of Rg1 and Rb1 were 6.56% - 12.74% and 80.1% - 89.69%, respectively. Stomach, intestinal and hepatic throughput efficiency (F(S), F1 and F(H)) for Rg1 were 49.85%, 13.05%, 50.56%, respectively, and 25.82%, 4.18%, 65.77% for Rb1. Therefore, poor intestinal absorption is a primary reason for the low bioavailability of both Rg1 and Rb1. Rg1 possesses relatively high bile excretion and low plasma protein binding rate, in contrast, Rb1 possesses low bile excretion and high plasma protein binding rate. Membrane permeability and elimination rate of Rb1 were lower than that of Rg1, meanwhile, longer MRT and bigger AUC could be found for Rb1.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Bile ; secretion ; Biological Availability ; Ginsenosides ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Protein Binding ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saponins ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics

Water in oil (W/O) microemulsion formulation was developed to enhance intestinal absorption of ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) of panax notoginseng (PNS). Effects of W/O microemulsions on pharmacokinetics after intraduodenal administration, membrane fluidity and membrane transport of Rb, were studied in rats, liposomes and parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA), respectively. Soybean phospholipids/ethanol (SP/EtOH) was selected as surfactant/cosurfactant, together with PNS 400 mg x mL(-1) solution and various kinds of oils, to prepare 11 W/O microemulsions. Most of the microemulsions can enhance Rb1 intestinal absorption significantly. Besides surfactant/cosurfactant, oil also had an effect on the enhanced absorption and the order of enhancement was as follows: glyceryl laurate approximately = isopropyl myristate > isopropyl palmitate > 2-ethylhexanol palmitate. The effection of absorption enhancement by the long chain glyceride ( > C14) is lower than that by the medium chain glyceride (C8 - C14). Most of W/O microemulsions were found to enhance the membrane fluidity of liposomes to different extents. In PAMPA analysis, efficient permeability coefficient (Pe) of diluted-microemulsion (D-ME) is mostly higher than that of PNS solution, which indicated the components of microemulision can facilitate the membrane permeability of the drug. Meanwhile, linearity correlation between Pe and ratio of relative bioavailability (Fr) was acquired for undiluted microemulison (ME). Therefore, W/O microemulsions can enhance intestinal absorption of Rbr, and this effect may be attiributed to its enhancement on membrane fluidity to a certain degree. PAMPA analysis could be brought into not only the investigation of membrane transport of crude drug, but also conditioned preformulation research (e.g. absorption enhancer etc.).
Animals ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Emulsions ; Ginsenosides ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Membrane Fluidity ; Oils ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Permeability ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Surface-Active Agents ; chemistry ; Water

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of negative emotions on serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and neuropeptide Y (NYP) in hepatitis B liver cirrhosis (HBLC) patients.

METHODSTotally 617 HBLC patients were assigned to the negative emotion group (415 cases) and the non-negative emotion group (202 cases) judged by negative emotions. Case numbers of various grading Child-Pugh were recorded in the two groups. Their liver functions were compared between the two groups. Serum levels of ACTH and NPY were detected using double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the two groups.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in Child-Pugh grading between the two groups (χ2 = 0.65, P = 0.72). Compared with the non-negative emotional group, serum ACTH levels decreased significantly in the negative emotion group with statistical difference (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in serum ACTH levels between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe negative emotion of HBLC patients was not related to the serum ACTH level, but to relatively lower-concentration serum NPY levels.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; blood ; Emotions ; Hepatitis B ; blood ; psychology ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; psychology ; Neuropeptide Y ; Serum