Male genital lichen sclerosus (MGLSc) is a chronically relapsing disease characterized by a long course, gradual aggravation, and a tendency towards malignancy. Once called balanitis xerotica obliterans, MGLSc has a distinct predilection for the prepuce and glans, involving the urethra when aggravating, forming scarring tissues, and causing urethral stricture, which may seriously affect the patients'quality of life with such symptoms as urinary stream narrowing, dysuria, and painful penile erection. The etiology and pathogenesis of MGLSc have not yet been adequately explained though it is generally thought to be associated with autoimmune mechanism, genetic factors, infections, local trauma, and chronic urinary irritation. MGLSc can be fairly easily diagnosed according to its clinical manifestations and histopathological results, but can be hardly cured. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are the most important approaches, which may relieve its symptoms, check its progression, and prevent its long-term sequelae. Ultrapotent topical corticosteroids are the choice for the treatment of MGLSc. For those who fail to respond to expectant medication or have dysuria due to urethral stricture and painful erection, rational surgery may be resorted to, with importance attached to long-term follow-up. This article presents an update of the diagnosis and treatment of MGLSc and MGLSc-induced urethral stricture.
Genital Diseases, Male ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Male ; Urethral Stricture ; etiology

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Quality of Life ; Transplantation, Homologous

Objective To study the morphological structure and the hemodynamics of peribiliary vascular plexus(PVP) of hepatic portal bile duct in rat in vivo,so as to provide an experimental method and accumulate data for further study on the bile duct complications occuring after liver transplantation,operations for bile duct stenosis and other hepatobiliary diseases.Methods Forty SD rats were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups: the control group and the ink-injection group(n=20),microcirculation laser scan confocal microscopy was used to observe the morphological structure and the hemodynamic features of PVP on rat′s hepatic portal bile duct after the bile duct was stained with indocyanine green and the hepatic artery was perfused with ink.Results Morphologically it was showed that PVP were comprised of three layers: the spatial structure of PVP appeared dentriform from outer layer to intermediate layer,and then transformed into a network from intermediate layer to inner layer.The outer layer vessels seemed to be dendritic and located within the ductal wall at 0-60?m scanning from the adventitia,and the branches appeared sparse and straight.The diameter of artery and vein was very different.The vessels of intermediate layer showed as an intricate network and located within the ductal wall in the depth of 40-80?m,and the ranification was rich and tortuous.Inner layer vessels adjacent to the intima appeared to be a plenus in hexagons with 120? intersect angles and uniform diameter.Hemodynamics showed that the flow rate in the artery was higher than that in the vein of PVP.Conclusion The technique,employing microcirculation laser scan confocalmicroscopy,to observe the morphological structure and the hemodynamic features of PVP,may reveal the morphological structure and hemodynamic features limpidly,both macroscopically and dynamically.It can be used as an important tool for the study of bile duct complications after liver transplantation,bile duct stenosis or other hepatobiliary diseases.

Objective To investigate the clinical spectrum of respiratory viruses in infants and young children with acute lower respiratory infection(ALRI) in Chongqing area from 2003-2007.And to assess the clinical diagnostic value of virus detection in nasopharyngeal secretions(NPS) and serum viral antibody detection for ALRI.Methods Cases of 2 529 specimens of NPS in hospitalized children with ALRI from Apr.2003 to Oct.2007 were taken for detecting 7 common respiratory virus antigens by immunofluorescence assay including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV),adenovirus(ADV),influenza A(IA),influenza B (IB),parainfluenza virus1-3 (PIV1,PIV2,PIV3).Fifty-five thousand eight hundred and eighty-seven samples were tested for ADV-IgM by ELISA.Among those,45 159 cases were further tested for RSV-IgM by ELISA.Results Respiratory virus pathogens were detected in 778 samples out of 2 529(30.76%) including RSV positive in 668 samples (85.86%),PIV3 positive in 75 samples (9.64%),IA positive in 22 samples (2.57%),ADV positive in 15 samples ( 1.93%),only 1 sample ( 0.13%) positive for both PIV1 and RSV. And the positive rate of RSV-IgM was 0.9%-15.2%,and the positive rate for ADV-IgM was about 0.6%-10.6%.RSV infection occured mainly in winter and spring.Conclusions Respiratory virus is the most common pathogen in children with ALRI during the survey period in Chongqing area,especially for RSV infection.The pattern of RSV circulation varied every year with seasonality.It is suggest that this year is peak one for RSV infection from the monthly positive results,especially in Feburary(50%) in 2007.But the infection rate of PIV3,IA,ADV and PIV1 are lower,particularly IB and PIV2 infection have not been seen for the last 5 years.It is fast and accurate to detect RSV antigen and suit to clinical diagnosis by using immunofluorescence assay than other antibody detection.

Objective To explore the relationship between cough variant asthma (CVA) and mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection.Methods Fifty children with CVA were chosen as the experimental group at random,and 50 children with acute upper respiratory infection,who went to the hospital in the same time and with similar age,were chosen as control group.The MP-IgM of children in both groups were tested by the granule agglutinating method.Results Significant difference (? 2=9.013 P

Diagnosis, Differential ; Diarrhea ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mediastinal Cyst ; complications ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Mediastinal Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnosis ; Respiratory Sounds ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; X-Rays

Child ; Chondrosarcoma, Mesenchymal ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Pelvic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

To investigate chemical constituents from Radix Pittospori, chloroform extract of the roots was subjected to column chromatography with various chromatographic techniques. The structures were elucidated on the basis of physico-chemical property and spectral analysis. Two triterpenoids were identified as 22-acetyl-21-(2-acetoxy-2-methylbutanoyl)-R1-barrigenol(1) and 3alpha-hydroxyl-20-demethylisoaleuritolic-14(15)-ene-28, 30-dioic acid (2). Compound 1 is a new triterpene and compound 2 is isolated from this plant for the first time.

Adolescent ; Brain Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Endocrine System Diseases ; etiology ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Humans ; Infant ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed