Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Occupational Health Services ; Public Health

The aim of laboratory evaluation of basic education is to improve the quality of experimental teaching,which demands thorough reforms of many aspects,including the ranks of teachers,administration,content,methods and instrument of teaching. This article summarizes the experience and achievement of Functional Laboratory Centre,Central South University during under- graduate teaching evaluation by the Ministry of Education in 2006.

Objective To explore the risk factors in children with epilepsy and their effects on attack rate of epilepsy.Methods One hundred and sixty epilepsy patients(patient group,88 boys and 72 girls)and 150 healthy children(control group,72 boys and 78 girls)were selected.All children conformed epilepsy at the west China second hospital were consecutively included in the study for 6 months period.The range of age was from 1 month to 16 years[(7.0?4.7)years old] of patient group children.All children with epilepsy had no-causation seizure for more than twice time and were diagnosed by electroencephalogram.Neurologically normal children in same period,matched for age and sex,visiting the health care clinic were selected as controls.The range of age was from 2 month to 16 years [(6.3?4.5)years old] of control group children.The risk factors examined were febrile convulsions,head trauma,central nervous system infections,abnormal perinatal history,family history of epilepsy and parental consanguinity.The data of patients and controls were obtained from a questionnaire through personal interviews.Details on the patient,family history,and parental age at the time of childbirth were included.Medical records were then reviewed.According to the data type,the statistics were performed with ?2 test and the significance level was the P

Objective To analyze the differences of video laryngoscope, direct laryngoscopy and fibreoptic bron﹣choscope nasal intubation on hemodynamics, inflammatory and stress response. Methods 117 patients underwent surgery from November 2013 to March 2015 were chose as research subjects and randomly divided into video laryn﹣goscope group, direct laryngoscopy group, fiberoptic bronchoscope group based on different cannula enrolled way. Then compared the hemodynamics, inflammation, stress level after intubation among the three groups. Results Com﹣pared with the T0, the three groups patients' systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin -6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), norepinephrine (NE), plasma cortisol (Cor), angiotensinⅡ(ATⅡ) differences had no significant difference (P>0.05);compared with direct laryn﹣goscopy group, video laryngoscope group, fiberoptic bronchoscope group patients' T1, T2, T3 SBP, DBP, HR, CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, NE, Cor, ATⅡ levels were lower; compared with the video laryngoscope group, optical fiber bron﹣choscopy group patients SBP, DBP, HR, CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, NE, Cor, ATⅡ low levels at T1, T2, T3 were lower (P<0.05). Conclusions Fibreoptic bronchoscope nasal intubation has less influence on patients, will not cause severe stress and inflammatory response, it is one of the ideal instrument anesthesia induction intubation.

Objective To explore the ultrasonographic characteristics and methodology characteristics of fetal limb deformities . Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 6 336 pregnant women accepting systematic prenatal ultrasonography during the period of May 2010 to May 2012 in the General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region .The long bones of the upper and lower limbs were scanned by using the systematic continuous sequence approach (SCSA) and by adding the arc rotaryprocess for observing the hands and feet ,fetal limbs morphology ,structure ,posture and movement ,etc .were dynamically observed .The suspected position or fetal limb deformities were examined with three-dimensional(3D) ultrasonography as the supplementary .The prenatal ultrasound examination results of fetal limb deformities were analyzed .Results Among 6 336 pregnant women ,20 cases of fetal limb deformi-ties were confirmed by induced labor or after birth ,18 cases were diagnosed by the prenatal ultrsound ,including 5 cases of short limbs deformity ,3 cases of fatal dwarf ,1 case of phocomelia ,1 case of double radiuses absence ,1 case of unilateral hand missing ,1 case of double shank absence ,2 cases of polydactyly ,3 cases of foot varus and 1 case of overlapping finger .2 cases of missed diagno-sis were multiple fingers and overlapping finger .Conclusion The abnormality of terminal fingers(toes) number and posture is easy to be missed diagnosis ,which are the difficulty and the key point of examination .

In this study, microcalorimetry was adopted to establish a novel method for detecting the hemagglutination process of Radix Isatidis (Banlangen in Chinese, BLG), and to evaluate the hemagglutination activity diversity of BLG from various habitats. The hemagglutination biothermokinetics curves of positive reagent (phytohemagglutinin, PHA) and 8 batches BLG from different regions of the hemagglutination with 20% rabbit erythrocyte were recorded by microcalorimetry, then biothermokinetics parameters were abstracted, the hemagglutination utility of samples were calculated and analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA), meanwhile the results were authenticated by micro-plate agglutination. It showed that the hemagglutination was an exothermic reaction, the reaction rate constant (k: 0.039-73.6 min(-1)), maximum reaction power (Pmax: -1 140.2 - 988.2 microW) and reaction enthalpy (Hi: -529.9 - 717.9 microJ) had good linear correlation with BLG extraction concentration (0.2-1.0 g mL(-1), r > 0.97), and PCA showed Pmax (531-1 335 microW) and Ht (585.2-989.2 microJ) could represent the hemagglutination activity diversity of BLG samples, just confirming with the results of micro-plate agglutination (the agglutination dilution was 3-11 respectively). According to the hemagglutination utility, the BLG samples from Good Agriculture Practice (GAP) regions, main producing area and general regions could be clustered correctly; meanwhile, the biothermokinetics curves with perfect distinctive fingerprint and specificity could give out more information for the quality control and evaluation for BLG. In conclusion, the microcalorimetry method established for detecting the hemagglutination activity of BLG samples on rabbit erythrocyte is sensitive and reliable, and could be adopted as an effective technique in detection aggulatination precisely, quantitatively and consecutively; and provide a novel approach for examining and evaluating quality for Chinese herbal medicine with aggulatinative activity such as BLG.

To establish kinetic assay method for the analysis of hemolysis and to investigate dynamic hemolytic process of polysorbate 80. The UV-VIS spectrum of heme changes when hemoglobin is released continuously during the hemolytic process. Therefore, dynamic hemolytic curve was determined as a new way to characterize the kinetic process of interaction between polysorbate 80 and red blood cells. The effect of polysorbate 80 on blood cells could be perfectly investigated by the hemolytic dynamics. Dynamic hemolytic parameters of polysorbate 80 were calculated according to the hemolytic curves. The constants of hemolytic rate and maximum hemolytic rate of polysorbate 80 had fine linear relationships at the range of 1-20 mg x mL(-1) and 5-20 mg x mL(-1), respectively. In comparison with the present official method such as macroscopic observation and static spectrophotometric methods, kinetic spectrophotometry has the advantages of real time, on-line determination, sensitive, objective, good reproducibility and 2-dimensional information acquired. Therefore, as a biological technique, kinetic spectrophotometry could be applied to evaluate the quality of polysorbate 80 and to screen other solubilizing excipients.

Objective To investigate and compare the action of curcuminoids on the causal pathogens of Candida albicans growth.Methods The effects of curcumin (CUR) and demethoxycurcumin (DMC) on C.albicans growth were first investigated and compared by microcalorimetry coupled with multiple analytical methods.The quantitative thermo-kinetic parameters obtained from these curves were analyzed to show difference of the actions.Results By analyzing the main parameters screened from principal component analysis together with 50％ inhibiting concentration values,it was demonstrated that both CUR and DMC showed good antifungal activities and CUR was stronger.It was further concluded from structure-activity relationship that the existence of methoxy group might enhance lipophilicity of the mother nucleus,which made it easier for the molecular to enter into the cell membrane of fungi to inhibit its growth.Conclusion This study provides a new method for screening new antifungal agents with high efficacy and low toxicity.Meanwhile,it contributes to the application of curcuminoids as food additive,colorant,and drug.Microcalorimetry is real-time,online,and dynamic,and it could be used to characterize the subtle difference among the effects of synthetic and natural products on the vital process of fungi.

Objective To evaluate the role of C-Jun N-Terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway in dexmedetomidine-induced reduction of spinal neurotoxicity induced by lidocaine in rats.Methods Seventy-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 280-320 g, in which intrathecal catheters were successfully implanted without complications, were randomly divided into 6 groups (n =12 each) using a random number table: control group (group C);SP600125 (JNK signaling pathway blocker) group (group SP);dexmedetomidine group (group D);lidocaine group (group L);dexmedetomidine + lidocaine group (group DL);SP600125+lidocaine group (group SPL).Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 20 μl was injected intrathecally in group C.SP600125 30 μg and 10％ lidocaine 20 μl were injected intrathecally in SP and L groups, respectively.At 20 min after intrathecal injection of 10％ lidocaine, dexmedetomidine 75 μg/kg was injected intraperitoneally in group DL, and SP600125 30 μg was injected intrathecally in group SPL.Dexmedetomidine 75 μg/kg was injected intraperitoneally in group D.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured before intrathecal catheters were implanted (T0), before intrathecal administration (T1), and at 4, 8 and 12 h and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 days after intrathecal administration (T2-10).At 24 h after intrathecal administration, 6 rats randomly selected from each group were sacrificed.The lumbar segment (L4-5) of the spinal cord was removed for detection of cell apoptosis (by TUNEL) and phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) expression (by Western blot).The apoptotic index was calculated.Results Compared with group C, no significant change was found in the MWT, TWL, apoptotic index and expression of p-JNK in SP and D groups (P＞0.05), the MWT at T2-8 in group L, at T2-6 in group DL and at T2-5 in group SPL were significantly increased, the TWL at T2-8 in group L, at T2-5 in group DL and at T2-4 in group SPL were prolonged, and the apoptotic index and expression of p-JNK were increased in DL, SPL and L groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group L, the MWT was significantly decreased, and the TWL was shortened at T2-8, and the apoptotic index and expression of p-JNK were decreased in DL and SPL groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which dexmedetomidine mitigates spinal neurotoxicity induced by lidocaine is related to inhibited activation of JNK signaling pathway in rats.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of three treatments for cerebrospinal fluid leakage induced by surgical operation of spinal fracture combined with dural injury.Methods From June 2005 to June 2010,64 patients with cerebrospinal fluid leakage after surgery to spinal fracture combined with dural injury were analyzed.Patients were treated with positioning adjustment and incision pressure dressing (Group A,n =21),with cerebrospinal fluid leakage drainage via a lumbar percutaneous subarachnoid catheter (Group B,n =21),and with continuous wound drainage followed by catheter removing and wound closure when wound is completely healed (Group C,n =22).Time to stop cerebrospinal fluid leaking from a surgical incision,wound healing time,success rate in the primary intervention and postoperative complications were reviewed among these groups.Results In Group A,the incisional cerebrospinal fluid leakage disappeared at (19.0 ±3.9)days,with healing time of (25.0 ± 4.6)days.The primary wound healing was achieved in 13 patients but failure to the primary intervention occurred in 8 patients,of whom 6 patients presented complications which were then cured.In Group B,the incisional cerebrospinal fluid leakage disappeared at (3.0 ± 1.0) days,with healing time of (16.0 ± 2.6) days.There were 15 patients with primary wound healing but 6 patients got healing after further treatment,with no complications occurred.In Group C,there was no incisonal cerebrospinal fluid leakage or complications and all patients presented primary wound healing in a period of (13.0± 1.0)days.Healing time was shorter and success rate in the primary intervention in Group C was higher than those in Groups A and B (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Continuous wound drainage till catheter removal and wound closure on complete wound healing is a good choice for treating cerebrospinal fluid leakage induced by surgical operation of spinal fracture combined with dural injury,for it has advantages of good incisional healing,high success rate and few complications in the primary treatment.