Objectives To investigate characterization of imipenem resistance among imipenem non susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients who treated without imipenem and explore risk factors of imipenem resistance.Methods From April,2006 to March,2008,a total of 37 non-susceptible to imipenem without imipenem therapy isolates were collected from affiliated 3201st Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University.The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) to 11 antimicrobial agents were determined by the broth dilution method.We also tested imipenem MIC combined with efflux pump inhibitor PAβN.PCR was performed to check for the presence of carbapenem-hydrolylzing MBL genes and oprD gene.The expression level of oprD2 and ampC were evaluated by qRT-PCR.Molecular typing was performed using PFGE.Results There is significant difference ( t =- 2.9004,P ＜ 0.01 ) of the average number days of therapy between with two or more antibiotics in the 16 patients (20.0 ± 9.5 ) d and that with only one antibiotic in the other 21 patients ( 12.6 ± 4.4 ) d before imipenem-non-susceptible strains were isolated.In all 37 strains,32 strains showed resistance to more than three antibiotics.The MBL gene ( IMP-9 ) was only found in one strain,but its phenotype is negative,oprD2 gene from the 29 strains were found forward inserted by ISpa1328.Thirty-five isolated were considered to have no oprD expression.The patterns of the total DNA of 37 strains appeared six PFGE types.The 26 strains belonged to C2 PFGE type.In the presence of PAβN,all 37 strains increased sensitivity to meropenem.Conclusion Fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins treatment could play an important role in imipenem non-susceptible production in the research isolates.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of Tianqi jiangtang capsules combined with metformin in the treatment of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with cerebral microvascular lesions. METHODS:A total of 96 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with cerebral microvascular lesions were randomly divided into control group(48 cases)and observation group(48 cases). Control group was given Metformin hydrochloride tablets 0.5 g orally,3 times a day. Observation group was additionally given Tianqi jiangtang capsules 1.6 g orally,3 times a day,on the basis of control group. Both groups received treatment for 4 weeks. Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were observed as well as total score of TCM symptoms,the levels of blood glucose(FPG,2 hPG,HbA1c),blood lipid(TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C),hs-CRP,ET-1,blood rheology and oxidative stress indexes(MDA,SOD),the occurrence of ADR. RESULTS:The total response rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group(89.58% vs. 70.83%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). After treat-ment,total score of TCM symptoms,the levels of blood glucose,hs-CRP,ET-1,TC,TG,LDL-C,blood rheology indexes and MDA in 2 groups were significantly lower than before;total score of TCM symptoms,the levels of FPG,2 hPG,hs-CRP,ET-1, TC,TG,LDL-C,blood rheology indexes and MDA in observation group were significantly lower than control group;the level of SOD in 2 groups were significantly higher than before,and the observation group was significantly higher than control group,and the level of HDL-C in observation group was significantly higher than before treatment and control group,with statistical signifi-cance(P<0.05). No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups during treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Tianqi jiangtang capsules combined with metformin show significant therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and can re-duce the levels of blood glucose and lipid,improve blood rheology and oxidative stress reaction,with goud safety.

Seven compounds were isolated from the leaves of Panax japonicus var. major by chromatographic methods including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by their physical and chemical properties and spectral data analysis as 5, 7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyl flavone (1), ginsenoside Rs2 (2), quinquenoside R1 (3), ginsenoside Rs1 (4), notoginsenoside Fe (5), ginsenoside Rd2 (6) and gypenosiden IX (7). Among them, compound 1 was obtained from the Panax genus for the first time, and compounds 2-7 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flavones ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ginsenosides ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Ten compounds were isolated from the leaf of Eucommia ulmoides by means of recrystallization and chromatographic techniques such as D-101 macroporous resin, MCI resin, ODS gel, Sephadex LH-20 and Rp-HPLC. Their structures were identified by NMR spectral analyses as kaempferide 3-O-beta-D-glucoside (1), quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside (2), quercetin (3), quercetin-3-O-beta-D-xylosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-galactoside (4), kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucoside (5), (2S,3S)-taxifolin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside (6) ,4-hydroxy cinnamic acid (7), (+)-cycloolivil (8), pinoresinol beta-D-glucoside (9), squalene (10). Among them compounds 1,5-7,10 were isolated from the Eucommia genus for the first time. In the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, compound 2 exhibited significant activity (IC50 13.7 micromol x L(-1)), compared with vitamin C (IC50 59.9 micromol x L(-1)); compounds 1, 3 and 9 showed moderate activity (IC50 161,137, 214 micromol x L(-1)), compared with 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (IC50 236 micromol x L(-1)); compound 4 and 6 showed weak activity (IC50 264, 299 micromol x L(-1)).
Antioxidants ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Eucommiaceae ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression status of the helicase antigen (HAGE) transcript and its clinical significance in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The expression of HAGE cDNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells from AML and CML patients was detected by using real-time quantitative PCR. The results indicated that overexpression of HAGE transcript (117.12% - 9842.70%, median 434.96%) was detected in 14.8% (11/74) AML patients. AML patients with HAGE cDNA expression were significantly older than those HAGE-negative patients (median 67 and 45 years, respectively, p = 0.001). HAGE cDNA expression was more frequently present among the patients with acute monoblastic leukemia (M(4) and M(5), 7 of 20, 35.0%), compared to the patients with acute non-monoblastic leukemia (M(1), M(2), M(3) and M(6), 4 of 54, 7.4%) (p = 0.007). 28.6% (8/28) cases with normal karyotypes showed HAGE cDNA overexpression, significantly higher than 7.5% (3 of 40) in those with chromosomal abnormalities (p = 0.041). Overexpression of HAGE transcript was found in 9 (34.6%) CML cases and more frequently observed at accelerated phase and blast crisis (4/4, 100%) than that at chronic phase (5/22, 22.7%) (p = 0.008). It is concluded that HAGE cDNA expression is relevant to specific subtypes of AML and to the progression of CML.
Blast Crisis ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA, Complementary ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; genetics ; metabolism ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of Annexin 5 in protecting human sperm membrane and DNA integrity.

METHODSWe collected 53 semen samples based on the criteria of sperm density > 20 x 10(6)/ml and motility > 60%, and divided them into an experimental group (2.5 microl 10(-6) mol/L Annexin 5 added to 47.5 microl semen), a negative control group (2.5 microl 1 mol/L Tris-HCl [pH 8.0, 25 degrees C] added to 47.5 microl semen), and a blank control group (2.5 microl 0.01 mol/L PBS [pH 7.4] added to 47.5 microl semen). After 20 minutes of incubation, we evaluated the sperm membrane integrity using the hypoosmotic swelling test and, after another 60 minutes of treatment with H2O2 at 2.5 microl 10.02 mol/L, measured the sperm nuclear DNA integrity by acridine orange fluorescent staining.

RESULTSAfter 20 minutes of treatment with Annexin 5, the experimental group showed extremely significant difference in the percentage of hypoosmotic swelling sperm ([66.17 +/- 12.02] %) from the blank control ([58.13 +/- 13.08]%, P < 0.01) and the negative control group ([59.94 +/- 11.91]%, P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference between the latter two. Treatment with H2O2 remarkably increased DFI in the experimental group (6.39 +/- 1.07) as compared with the blank control (11.16 +/- 1.16) and the negative control group (10.86 +/- 1.05, P < 0.01), but no significant difference was observed between the latter two.

CONCLUSIONAnnexin 5 can increase the percentage of hypoosmotic swelling sperm in vitro and protect sperm membrane integrity, and it can also protect sperm DNA from H2O2 damage.

Annexin A5 ; pharmacology ; Cell Membrane ; drug effects ; DNA ; DNA Fragmentation ; Humans ; Male ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility of repairing alveolar cleft bone defects with bone marrow stromal cells.

METHODSTotal 7 patients of alveolar cleft were included in this study. The hBMSCs were isolated by percoll gradient centrifugation from patient's bone marrow aspirated from iliac crest. The hBMSCs were cultured in vitro and induced to become osteogenic cells in the DMEM medium containing 10% self-serum, beta-glycerophosphate (10 nmol/L) dexamethasone (10(-8) mol/L) , L-2-ascorbic acid(50 micromol/L), and 1, 25 (OH)2 VD3 (10 nmol/L). Induced hBMSCs of passage 3 were harvested and seeded onto partly demineralized allogenic bone matrix (pDBM) to form a cell-scaffold construct and in vitro co-culture for 1 week. The defects were repaired with the cell-scaffold construct. All cases were followed up for 3, 6 months post-operation as short-term evaluation and 1 to 3 years post-operation as long-term evaluation by three-dimensional computerized tomography (3D-CT) and clinical examination.

RESULTS3D-CT demonstrated that engineered bone was formed in 3 months post-operation. Additionally, formed bone maintained stable up to 1 - 3 years without absorption.

CONCLUSIONSEngineered bone can be used to repair clinical alveolar cleft bone defects.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Substitutes ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Stromal Cells ; cytology ; transplantation ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tooth Socket ; injuries ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the effects of total-body PET/CT imaging with short acquisition time on image quality and lesion detectability in lungs and parenchymal organs.Methods:Sixty patients (31 males, 29 females, age (61.1±11.8) years) with pulmonary nodules (PN) and 53 patients (29 males, 24 females, age (56.7±17.2) years) with parenchymal organ lesions (POL) who underwent total-body PET/CT imaging in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University between October 2021 and April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The acquisition time with PET was 600 s, and the reconstructed images were divided into 6 groups based on different duration (30, 60, 120, 180, 300 and 600 s), namely G30, G60, G120, G180, G300 and G600 groups. The subjective analysis was carried out with the 5-point Likert scale in 3 aspects: the overall impression of image quality, noise, and lesion conspicuity. The objective analysis indicators included the SUV mean of the mediastinal blood pool (MBP); the SUV mean, standard deviation (SD) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the liver; SUV max and target-to-background ratio (TBR) of the lesions. Differences of the indicators among 6 groups were analyzed by Friedman test with Bonferroni correction. G600 served as the reference for the other 5 groups to test their lesion detectability. Results:The subjective image quality of different groups for PN and that of G120, G180, G300 groups for POL could meet the needs of clinical diagnosis in terms of the overall image quality, noise, and lesion conspicuity (all scores>3). There was no significant difference in the SUV mean of MBP among different time groups (median for PN: 1.52-1.56, median for POL: 1.35-1.47; χ2 values: 10.23, 11.02, both P>0.05). Difference was not found in SUV mean of the liver either (median for PN: 2.51-2.56, median for POL: 2.33-2.40; χ2 values: 8.35, 8.93, both P>0.05). The liver SD significantly increased along with the shortened acquisition time ( χ2 values: 400.99, 400.00, both P<0.001; z values: from -16.90 to -3.15, all P<0.003). The SNR significantly decreased along with the shortened acquisition time ( χ2 values: 397.32, 400.00, both P<0.001; z values: 2.98-16.90, all P<0.003). The SUV max (median for PN: 3.55-4.01, median for POL: 5.77-6.08; χ2 values: 8.58, 3.02, both P>0.05) and TBR (median for PN: 2.42-2.81, median for POL: 2.36-2.45; χ2 values: 9.83, 3.69, both P>0.05) of lesion were not significantly different among 6 groups. Taking G600 group as a reference, the lesion detection rates were 100% in G30 group and other 4 groups for PN (81/81) and in G120, G180, G300 groups for POL (80/80). Conclusion:Total-body PET/CT imaging with acquisition time of 30 s for lungs and that with acquisition time of 120 s for parenchymal organs are feasible for clinical use, with the PET image quality and lesion detectability maintained.

Objective:To characterize the structure of polysaccharide isolated from Linggui Zhugan Tang（LGZGT）,including monosaccharide composition and functional group detection, investigate the difference of the antioxidant activities of crude polysaccharide（CP） and pure polysaccharide（PP）, and provide the basis for the quality evaluation of LGZGT by in vitro bioassay. Method:The average molecular weight of CP was analyzed by high performance gel chromatography（HPGPC）. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） and fourier transform infrared（FT-IR） were employed to determine the structure of the polysaccharide. The antioxidant activities of CP and PP samples were evaluated on the basis of 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl（DPPH） radical scavenging activity and OH radical scavenging activity. Result:The total polysaccharide was composed of single peaks, with a molecular weight of 3 689 Da. It was mainly composed of arabinose, mannose, glucose, galactose and fructose with a molar ratio of 6.85∶1.00∶109.21∶1.04∶21.82. Among them，glucose and fructose were the predominant components. In addition， IR study indicated the presence of pyranose and anomeric configurations in glycan structure, with two stereoisomers of glycosidic bond (α-glycosidic bond and β-glycosidic bond). It was found that the total polysaccharide had the ability of scavenging DPPH and hydroxyl radicals, and the activity of crude polysaccharide was better than that of refined polysaccharide. It was found in antioxidant research that the total polysaccharide had the ability of scavenging DPPH and hydroxyl radicals, and the activity of CP was better than that of PP. Furthermore, LC-Q-TOF-MS was used to qualitatively analyze the other components in CP, which indicated that it was related to the adsorption of pentacyclic triterpenoids in Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Conclusion:The polysaccharides and pentacyclic triterpenoids in LGZGT are the material basis for the antioxidative effect of LGZGT. The antioxidative activity determined by in vitro bioassay can be used as an evaluation index for the overall quality control of LGZGT.