Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPAR) belong to the nuclear hormone receptor family.They have been implicated as important regulators of various physiological processes,such as lipid and lipoprotein metabolism and inflammation.This article reviews the structure of PPARs,their activity regulation and ligands and their correlation with lung diseases.

The theory of human's full scale development is an important content of the Marxism theory.It is the need of human's full scale development theory to strengthen the humanism - Oriented Education of the medical students.Under the situation of constructing the new medicine education pattern,we should consider thoroughly the necessity of strengthening the humanism - Oriented Education of the medical students and discusses profoundly the effective way to strengthen the humanism - Oriented Education of the medical students,thus improve the humanities quality of the medical students in the essence.

Contemporary medical college students' misconducts are so serious that it is urgent to strengthen their behavior criterions consciousness,for example,the sense of rules of law,codes of ethics,school disciplines,medical norm.Schools should do more to strengthen consciousness,make an effort to the daily management,actively guide students to participate in social practice.

Objective To analyze the allergens detection in asthmatic infants and young children. Methods The specific IgE test and allergens screening test were conducted in 243 infants and young children with whooping diseases including asthmatic bronchitis, asthmatic pneumonia and asthma by skin prick test and Pharmacia UniCAP test. Results 1. Food allergen was the allergen detection most frequently in infants(P = 0.03). The proportion of aeroallergens increased significantly with age (positive rate:67. 2%). Milk and egg white was the main food allergen detection in infants and young children,and the main aeroallergen detection was house dust mite. 2. The allergen - specific IgE test using UniCAP test system was more accurate than skin prick test. Conclusions The infants are more susceptible to food hypersensitivity; the increasing opportunity of aeroallergen exposure may lead to a higher prevalence of aeroallergens in young children. UniCAP system is more accurate than other methods.

BACKGROUND:Anterior cruciate ligament is the important anatomic structure to maintain the knee joint stability. The tendon bone healing and clinical functional recovery after anterior cruciate ligament have attracted more attention. OBJECTIVE:To observe the healing of graft tendon and surrounding bone with histological method through the same diameter grafts matching with the bone tunnel of different sizes in the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery, and to detect the functional recovery with biomechanics. METHODS:Middle 1/3 of canine autologous tendon was selected as the anterior cruciate ligament graft, and then trimmed into the same diameter of 4 mm. Sixteen adult mongrel canine were randomly divided into four groups. The anterior cruciate ligament was resected completely, and the tibial and femoral tunnels were prepared on the end sites of tibia and femur with the diameters of 5, 4.5, 4 and 3.5 mm, then implanted into the tendon in prepared and linked into the bone tunnel. At 6 weeks after reconstruction, the experimental canine were sacrificed under general anesthesia to col ect the tissue and organs in the surgical area. Then the hematoxylin-eosin staining, biomechanical testing and statistical analysis were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 6 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, anatomical observation showed that there were no significant differences in growth of grafts and bone tunnels between groups;hematoxylin-eosin staining showed sharpey-like fibronectin could be seen in the tendon bone healing surface, and the col agen fibers in the 3.5 mm bone tunnel group were more compact and regular than those in the other groups;the biomechanical testing results in the 3.5 mm bone tunnel group were better than those in the other groups. The results indicate that during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, decreasing the diameter of bone tunnel that matched with grafts in order to make the tendon and the bone tunnel closely matched can provide a more stable cel biological and mechanical environment, accelerate the formation and transformation of tendon-bone healing interface, and can improve the quality of tendon-bone healing.

Objective To explore the influence of comprehensive intervention on social support and quality of life of the family members of patients with schizophrenia.Methods 80 family members of patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group (40 cases for each group).Apart from general hygiene education,the intervention group received a 1-year targeted comprehensive intervention.Social support assessed scale (SASS) and comprehensive assessment of the quality of life questionuaire (GQOLI-74) were used to make assessment of social support and quality of life of the family members before and after the intervention.Results After intervention,the total score of SASS and scores of its three dimensions including objective support,subjective support and utilization of social support,the total score of GQOLI-74 and scores of its three dimensions including physical function,psychological function and social function were all significantly increased and higher than the same period of the control group.Conclusions The comprehensive intervention can improve the social function and quality of life of the family members of patients with schizophrenia..

OBJECTIVE:To study the action mechanism of the self-made Wuhuang tang(Chinese medicine)in the treatment of type Ⅲ prostatitis(chronic nonbacterial prostatitis,CNBP)so as to promote the action mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine to the molecular level.METHODS:90 patients with CNBP were divided into two groups(n=45 each):one group received western medicine alone,another group received integrated Chinese and western medicine(ICWM)(Wuhuangtang plus western medicine).The indicators such as the expressed prostatic secretions(EPS)routine,IL-1?,and TNF-? before and after the treatment were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:The levels of IL-1? and TNF-? in ICWM-treated group decreased significantly and the clinical symptoms of these patients improved significantly as compared with those treated with western medicine alone.CONCLUSION:The self-made Wuhuang tang can markedly alleviate the symptoms of CNBP patients and decrease levels of IL-1? and TNF-? in patients' EPS,thus it is an effective clinical empirical prescription for CNBP.

Objective To investigate the relationship between gliosis, synaptic reorganization and the mechanism of chronic temporal lobe epilepsy induced by kainic acid. Methods The mossy fibers sprouting, synaptic reorganization and gliosis were observed by Neo-Timm staining and immunohistochemical staining respectively. Results The injected (ipslateral) side was injured predominantly in the CA 3 subfield and hilus, whereas the CA 1 subfield was injured mildlyThe contralateral side showed pathological changes mainly in the CA 1 subfield and hilus, and moderately in the CA 3 subfieldThe longer the rats survived, the more obvious changes were observed in the hippocampuses. Conclusion The injection of kainic acid in hippocampus can cause neuronal loss, reactive gliosis and plasticity of neurons, probably form the abnormal neuronal discharge circuit, finally induce the seizures

Objective A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the clinical significance of Video EEG monitoring in the diagnosis of epilepsy and other paroxysmal events Methods Video EEG monitoring under the state of awaking and sleeping and evoked tests were performed continuously in 216 patients with epilepsy and other paroxysmal events Results The characteristic events were captured in 130(60%) of the 216 patients And out of the 130 patients, 53 had clinical events accompanying epileptiform discharge 73 patients had no epileptiform discharge in both ictal and interictal period Seizure types were defined in 80%of 80 patients with epileptiform discharge, and classification was different from the original 42% of the 64 patients Conclusions Video EEG can record much more epileptiform discharge than routine EEG It should be an effective method in both diagnosis and classification of epilepsy

Objective To explore the expression of G protein inwardly rectifier potassium channels subunit 2(GIRK*!2) in hippocampus of temporal epileptic rat.Methods After temporal lobe epilepsy was induced by kainic acid (KA), we took advantage of in situ hybridization to investigate the altered expression of GIRK*!2 mRNA in rat hippocampus.Results GIRK*!2 mRNA significantly increased in epileptic rats dentate gyrus region compared with normal control( P