Objective To investigate the clinical teaching situation by using developmental inspection of School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiaotong University(SJTU-SM),and to put forward some suggestions. Methods By checking questionnaires and informal discussions,the relevant information was collected and analyzed by using SPSS statistics sofware. Results The clinical teaching quality of SJTU-SM was basically satisfied.The satisfaction from internship of grade 2004 was better than that of grade 2003.However,some problems in clinical teaching must be improved.Conclusion The investigation showed that the clinical teaching quality of SJTU-SM is being improving.However,in order to achieve the international accreditation standards,the quality guarantee system of clinical teaching need to be further perfected.

Objective To study the effect of magnetic nanoparticles on human cholangiocarcinoma xenograft in nude mice, and compared with otherchemotherapy drugs Methods We established human cholangiocarcinoma xenograft in nude mice with QBC939 cell line.The nude mice were devided into 4 groups randomly.Saline,5-FU, Gemcitabine and magnetic nanoparticles were given to nude mice through tail vein on 20d after implanting QBC939 cell line. Calculations were done at different time after treatment in order to compare tumor volume,inhibition ratio of tumor and tumor growth curve of each group. The nude mice were killed on 35d after treatment to harvest tissue for electron microscopic examination to observe ultra-structural changes. Results The tumor volume of control, 5-FU, magnetic nanoparticles and Gemcitabine groups was (2256.1?267.1) mm3, (2096.5?237.9)mm3,(1392.2?189)mm3, and (1534.9?115 )mm3 respectively.The last two groups have significant difference compared to the first two groups(P

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of prolonged 75% oxygen exposure on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) in the neonatal rat lungs and to elucidate the effects of prolonged exposure of high concentration of oxygen on lung vascular development and its relationship with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

METHODSForty eight Sprague-Dawley rat pups were randomly exposed to air (control group) and 75% oxygen (experimental group) 12 hrs after birth. The rats were sacrificed 7, 14 and 21 days after exposure and their lungs were sampled. The lung sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological evaluation. Expression of VEGF, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 protein and mRNA was detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.

RESULTSAfter being exposed to 75% oxygen for 21 days, lung tissues had pathological changes as 'new' BPD. Expressions of VEGF protein (10.9 + or - 2.7 vs 30.8 + or - 6.4), VEGFR1 protein (5.4 + or - 1.4 vs 15.6 + or - 3.4) and VEGFR2 protein (11.3 + or - 2.6 vs 21.7 + or - 4.5) on day 21 in the experimental group decreased significantly as compared with the control group (p<0.05). The expression of VEGF mRNA (1.6 vs 3.3), VEGFR1 mRNA (0.4 vs 6.6) and VEGFR2 mRNA (0.5 vs 4.9) on day 21 in the experimental group also decreased significantly as compared with the control group (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSProlonged exposure of high concentration of oxygen may cause BPD possibly by inhibiting lung vascular development in neonatal rats.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung ; blood supply ; Male ; Oxygen ; toxicity ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; analysis ; genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 ; analysis ; genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; analysis ; genetics

OBJECTIVEMycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) infection is one of major causes of community-acquired pneumonia. Isolation and culture of Mp are very difficult, fluorescent quantitative PCR is a new technique to detect Mp. The aim of this study was to explore the diagnostic value of fluorescent quantitation PCR for Mp infection.

METHODMp-DNA from the deep respiratory tract secretion of children suffering from pneumonia was tested by a fluorescent quantitative PCR. Totally 256 cases who were positive for Mp DNA were enrolled into this study, 164 (64.1%) were male, 92 (35.9%) were female; the age ranged from 9 days to 16 years. All the patients also had results of Mp-IgM test. These patients were divided into 2 groups according to the result of Mp-IgM detection, namely, Mp-IgM positive and negative groups. Area under the roc curve (Az) was used as the index to evaluate the diagnostic value of fluorescent quantitation PCR for Mp detection. The number of Mp-DNA copies, age and course of disease of the 2 groups were also compared.

RESULTS(1) Diagnostic accuracy of fluorescent quantitative PCR for detecting Mp infection was that Az = 0.641. (2) The number of copies of the cases in Mp-IgM positive group was 5.42 +/- 1.26 [log(Mp-DNA copy/ml)], while that of Mp-IgM-negative group was 4.87 +/- 1.29 [log(Mp-DNA copy/ml), t = 3.43, P < 0.05]. (3) The age of Mp-IgM positive group was dramatically younger than Mp-IgM negative group (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe diagnostic accuracy of fluorescent quantitative PCR for mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) infection is low; however for children whose immunologic systems are not fully developed, this technique has some diagnostic value, and higher number of Mp-DNA copies may support diagnosis of Mp infection.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; diagnosis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore the association of interleukin 8 (IL-8)-251T/A and 781 C/T single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the susceptibility of infants and young children to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection.

METHODThis study included 101 hospitalized patients under 2 years of age who suffered from RSV pneumonia, 108 hospitalized patients under 2 years of age with non-RSV pneumonia and 35 core families with a child hospitalized for RSV pneumonia. Genotypes of 2 SNP loci in all enrolled persons were defined by allele specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR), and confirmed by gene sequencing. The allele's frequencies of SNPs were analyzed with case-control study and transmission disequilibrium test (TDT), linkage of 2 loci and haplotypes composed of the 2 loci were also studied.

RESULTS(1) The frequency of IL-8-251T in cases was dramatically high (OR = 2.08, P = 0.0002, case-control study; LRT = 14.31, P = 0.0008, TDT). (2) IL-8-251T and 781C was linkaged (D' = 0.607 +/- 0.03, r(2) = 0.2861, P = 0.0000). (3) Haplotype of TC was significantly high in cases (P = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThese findings support that haplotype of TC composed of IL-8-251T and 781C is associated with the susceptibility to RSV, namely, some RSV predisposing genes are located in the gene fragment including TC haplotype or linked tightly with this gene fragment.

Case-Control Studies ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Infant ; Interleukin-8 ; genetics ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; genetics ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVEChronic prostatitis (CP) is a common disease in adult males. Oxidative stress injury has been found to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CP in recent studies. This study aimed to determine the contents of CuZn-super oxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum and EPS in CP patients and healthy men, and investigate their significance in the diagnosis and treatment of the CP.

METHODSA total of 120 out-patients with confirmed CP were equally divided into a type II, a type IIIA and a type IIIB group, and another 40 healthy males were included as controls. We determined the contents of CuZn-SOD and MDA in the serum and EPS of each group and compared their differences.

RESULTSNo significant differences were found in the serum CuZn-SOD content among the four groups (P > 0.05). The MDA contents were markedly higher in the CP groups than in the control (P < 0.01), but with no significant differences among the three CP groups (P > 0.05). The CuZn-SOD contents in EPS were remarkably lower in the type II and type III A than in the type III B and control groups (P < 0.01), but with no significant differences between the type II and type III A as well as between the type III B and control groups (P > 0.05). The MDA contents in EPS were markedly higher in the type II and type III A than in the type III B and control groups (P < 0.01), but with no significant differences between the type II and type III A as well as the type III B and control groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOxidative stress is stronger in type II and type III A CP patients than in healthy men, but has no significant difference between type III B patients and non-CP males. Determining the contents of CuZn-SOD and MDA in the serum and EPS could be very valuable for the diagnosis and assessment of chronic prostatitis.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Prostatitis ; blood ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo report the results of curative and adverse effects of compound huangdai tablet (CHDT) as induction therapy for 193 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).

METHODSCHDT was administered 1.25 g orally three times a day after meal for three days, then the dosage was gradually increased to 7.5 g/d.

RESULTSOne hundred and ninety-three patients achieved complete remission (CR), 78.8% of whom in 30 to 60 days with an average time of 44.3 d. No serious infection, bleeding or DIC occurred during the treatment course. The major adverse effects were gastrointestinal symptoms. There was no change in lanine transaminase, urea, creatinine or electrocardiographic QTc interval in 110 APL patients observed before and after the treatment.

CONCLUSIONCHDT therapy is a modality of higher CR rate, good safety and tolerance without bone marrow suppression for APL patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; adverse effects ; Plant Preparations ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDbevacizumab is a humanized recombinant vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monoclonal antibody, which specifically binds to VEGF and inhibits tumor cell growth, proliferation and metastasis. We aimed to investigate the safety and pharmacokinetics of bevacizumab in Chinese patients with advanced cancer.

METHODSThirty-nine Chinese patients with metastatic or relapsed cancers who failed prior therapy were enrolled in this phase I study of bevacizumab. Bevacizumab was infused by a calculated pump at doses from 5 mg/kg to 15 mg/kg in 90 minutes. Patients underwent serial pharmacokinetic evaluations. Patients that received at least one infusion of bevacizumab were included in the safety study.

RESULTSThirty-five patients finished all 5 infusions following protocol. One patient withdrew after 3 infusions due to grade 3 proteinuria. Common adverse events possibly related to the study drug were proteinuria (17/39, 43.6%), hypertension (13/39, 33.3%), gingival bleeding (7/39, 17.9%), epistaxis (6/39, 15.4%), pharyngeal inflammation (6/39, 15.4%), fatigue (6/39, 15.4%) and stomatitis (4/39, 10.3%). Bevacizumab pharmacokinetics was linear within the range of 5 mg/kg q2w--10 mg/kg q2w and 15 mg/kg q3w. CL (clearance), Vd (volume of distribution at elimination) and Vss (volume of distribution at steady state) were similar after single and multiple doses at 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg.

CONCLUSIONSBevacizumab is well tolerated in Chinese patients. No unexpected adverse events were observed. There is no racial difference in the pharmacokinetics.

Adult ; Aged ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; adverse effects ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; adverse effects ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Bevacizumab ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy

Objective:To investigate the effect of bedside ultrasound in measuring the gastric residual volume in postoperative patients with rheumatic heart disease complicated with cachexia with enteral nutrition support.Method:From June 2015 to May 2017,60 patients with rheumatic heart disease complicated with cachexia who admitted in ICU were randomly divided into two groups,group A (routine enteral nutrition plan plus ultrasound monitoring GRV)and group B (routine enteral nutrition plan plus withdraw every 4h to monitor the GRV),to guide the implementation of enteral nutrition.Results:There was significant difference in Hb,TP and ALB levels between the two groups (P ＜0.05).The nutritional status of group A was better than that of group B.The incidence of gastric retention and pulmonary infection in group A was significant lower than group B (P ＜0.05).The length of target feeding time and ICU stay had a statistically difference in group A and group B [(3.02 ± 0.78) d vs (4.89 ± 0.69) d,t=2.278,P=0.019] and [(10.41 ± 1.98) d vs (11.39 ± 1.75) d,t=2.384,P=0.015].Conclusion:The application of bedside ultrasound to monitor the gastric residual volume can be an accurate method to guide enteral nutrition in postoperative patients with rheumatic heart disease complicated with cachexia,which can improve the nutrition status,shorten the length of target feeding time and ICU stay and reduce enteral nutrition-related complications.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab plus capecitabine in treating metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC).

METHODSEleven patients with mCRC (6 females and 5 males) were enrolled in this study. Bevacizumab was given with 5 mg/kg every two weeks in five patients, 10 mg/kg every two weeks in four patients and 15 mg/kg every three weeks in two patients. All patients received capecitabine 2000 mg/m2 per day for 14 days.

RESULTSFive of 11 patients had partial response and five patients had stable disease and two patients had progressive disease. The disease control rate was 90.9%. The progress-free survival were 4 months and the median overall survival time were 15 months. The adverse events related to bevacizumab were grade 2 hypertension in 3 patients (27.3%) and grade 1 or 2 proteinuria in 4 patients (36.4%). Other adverse events such as mucositis, fatigue, subcutaneous haemorrhage were also observed. No thromboembolism or severe haemorrhage happened. No other grade 3 or 4 adverse events were observed.The adverse events in the combined therapy were hand-foot-syndrome (54.6%), diarrhea (27.3%), and neutropenia (18.2%), mainly due to capecitabine.

CONCLUSIONSThe combination of bevacizumab plus capecitabine has definite benefit in patients with mCRC. However,these benefits can not be maintained after the withdrawal of bevacizumab. The adverse drug reactions are well tolerated.

Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Bevacizumab ; Capecitabine ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Deoxycytidine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome