Child ; Humans ; Hyperhomocysteinemia ; genetics ; Male

A high Streptolydigin-producing strain Streptomyces lydicus AS 4.2501-L8 with genetic stability was obtained from the original strain S. lydicus AS 4.2501-P28 by mutagenesis with UV and acridine orange, followed by resistance selection. Its yield of Streptolydigin was 177.0 ?g/mL, 96.2% higher than the original strain.

Child ; Humans ; Male ; Spinocerebellar Ataxias ; diagnosis

ObjectiveTo identify the factors influencing the transfer of porcine endogenous retroviruses across the membrane of a new bioartificial liver (BAL),which is a necessary caution to consider for BALs carrying porcine hepatocytes.MethodsA novel porcine BAL composed of two circuits was constructed using a plasma filter with membrane pore size of 500 nm and a plasma component separator with membrane pore sizes 10 nm,20 nm,30 nm,and 35 nm.Co-cultured cells of porcine hepatocytes and mesenchymal stem cells or single porcine hepatocytes were incubated in the bioreactors.The BAL was continuously worked for 72 hours during which the supernatant was collected from the internal and external circuits every 12 hours.PERV RNA,reverse transcriptase (RT) activity,and in vitro infectivity from the supernatant were detected.ResultsIn the plasma filter group,the PERV RNAlevels were the same in both circuits,suggesting little to no effect of the plasma filter on the PERV RNA's crossing.With plasma component separators,PERV RNA was found in the external circuits at different times without positive RT activity and HEK293 cell infection,but its level was reduced significantly.The larger the membrane pore size was,the earlier and the more RNA was detected.ConclusionsThe membrane pore size,the treatment time and the viral level in the internal circuit are contributing factors influencing the transfer of PERV RNA across the membrane in a BAL.

Diagnostic Imaging ; Humans ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ; diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Ultrasonography

Chronic osteomyelitis is one of the most common disorder in clinic. In recent years due to diabetes, peripheral vascular disease and trauma induced disease increased, the prevalence rate increased. With the development of magnetic resonance imaging and CT imaging technology, it greatly improved the accuracy of clinical diagnosis of chronic osteomyclitis and ability to describe the infection characteristics, and provide a reliable basis for clinical treatment. The current research on chronic osteomyelitis mainly concentrated on the aspects of imaging applications and ways of using antibiotic optimization control inflammation, defect restoration and reconstruction of blood supply and treatment. But the best time to the antibiotic therapy and the use of program is still uncertain, for after debridement, bone grafting time and defect repair function of fast recovery still need further research.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Osteomyelitis ; diagnosis ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo discuss the clinical effects and superiority of applying external fixation and bone transport to treat osteomyelitis and bone defect of femoral bone.

METHODSFrom August 2008 to December 2013,16 patients with osteomyelitis and bone defect of femoral bone were treated including 11 males and 5 females with an average age of 42 years old ranging from 13 to 62 years old. The average course of disease was 18 months ranging from 2 months to 4.5 years, and the average length of bone defect was 7.8 cm ranging from 4.5 to 15 cm. The bone defect of all cases were treated by external fixation and bone transport, the bone transport began at 1 week after operation, 1 mm per day and 4 times per day.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 10 to 36 months (means 22.5 months). One patient did not cooperate with treatment leads to the failure, then took the amputation. The remaining 15 cases of osteomyelitis were under control, including 12 cases of bone transport achieved one stage bone union, 3 cases achieved bone union via bone graft from iliac bone. The bone union time was 5 to 13 months(means 7.9 months). Thirteen patients almost obtained the same length of two lower extremities,2 patients had shortening of 1.5 to 2 cm. The time of moving the external fixation was from 6 to 16 months (means 9.3 months).

CONCLUSIONApplication of external fixation and bone transport is an effective method in treating the osteomyelitis and bone defect that can control the infection, eradicate wounds, and be the equalization of limb length.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Transplantation ; External Fixators ; Female ; Femur ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteomyelitis ; surgery

To study the role of anti- C. albicans IgY and serum in protection of C. albicans infection of several animal models. To develop three animal models of C. albicans infection: a burned rat model of C. albicans infection, a mouse model of vaginal candiasis and a immunosuppression mouse model of C. albicans infection. And we compared the contribution of anti- C. albicans IgY and serum to the clearance of the C. albicans in three animal models of C. albicans infection. Anti- C. albicans IgY can protect against C. albicans infection in a burned rat model of C. albicans infection and a mouse model of vaginal candidiasis. The serum can effectively protect the mice from disseminated candidiasis in a immunosuppression mouse model. Humoral immunity component involving anti- C. albicans IgY and serum protect against C. albicans infection in a burned rat model of C. albicans infection ,a mouse model of vaginal candidiasis and a immunosuppression mouse model of C. albicans infection.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mechanisms of angiotonin II (AngII)-induced Ca(2+)-independent pathways mediated by Rho kinase in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).

METHODSHSC-T6 cells were treated with 1 micromol/L of AngII, and the subsequent cell contraction was directly observed with silicone rubber membrane culture method. The cells with 10 micromol/L AngII treatment were examined for myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation level using Western blotting, and the effects of irbesartan (a specific inhibitor of AngII 1- receptor) and Y27632 (a Rho kinase inhibitor) on AngII-induced MLC phosphorylation were evaluated. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of Rock2 in Ca(2+)- independent pathways mediated by Rho kinase.

RESULTSAngII induced HSC contraction and time-dependent MLC phosphorylation changes, which peaked 15 min after the treatment followed by gradual reduction. Irbesartan or Y27632 treatment significantly lowered MLC phosphorylation level in AngII-induced cells (P<0.01). The mRNA expression of Rock2 increased significantly after AngII treatment (P<0.01), but decreased following subsequent irbesartan or Y27632 treatment.

CONCLUSIONAngII induces HSC contraction through Ca(2+)-independent pathways mediated by Rho kinase.

Angiotensin II ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Movement ; physiology ; Cell Shape ; drug effects ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Phosphorylation ; drug effects ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; rho-Associated Kinases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Changyanqing decoction, a traditional Chinese medicinal preparation, on the expressions of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the colon mucosa of rats with ulcerative colitis.

METHODSThe rats with ulcerative colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid and ethanol enema were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely the model group, sulfasalazine (SASP) group, and Changyanqing decoction group. Daily treatment with intragastric administration and enema of normal saline, SASP (100 mg/kg), and Changyanqing decoction (39.75 mg/kg), respectively, were administered 24 h after the establishment of colitis till the end of the experiment. Another group of rats was used as the normal control group. The disease activity index (DAI) and colon mucosa damage index (CMDI) of the rats were calculated. The activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was measured by biochemical method, and the expressions of IL-10 and ICAM-1 protein were measured by ELISA and immunohistochemistry, respectively.

RESULTSCompared with the normal group, the model group showed significantly increased DAI, CMDI, HS score and MPO activity in the colon tissues (P < 0.01), with also significantly increased expression of ICAM-1 (P < 0.01) and decreased expression of IL-10 in the rat colon mucosa (P < 0.01). Treatment with Changyanqing decoction resulted in a significant reduction in DAI, CMDI, HS score and MPO activity (P < 0.01), and decreased the expression of ICAM-1 (P < 0.01) and increased the expression of IL-10 (P < 0.01) in the colon mucosa. The expression of ICAM-1 in the colon mucosa was positively correlated to that of IL-10 (r = 0.927, P < 0.01) and the activity of MPO (r = 0.621, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSChangyanqing decoction has protective effect against rat ulcerative colitis, mediated probably by enhancement of IL-10 expression and reduction in ICAM-1 expression and neutrophil infiltration.

Animals ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; biosynthesis ; Interleukin-10 ; biosynthesis ; Intestinal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid