BackgroundMonocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)plays an important role in the tumor,inflammation,diabetic retinopathy and other neovascular disease,but the expression and the role of MCP-1 in the oxygen induced retinopathy(OIR) model have rarely been reported. Objective This study was to investigate the expression of MCP-1 in the retina development of newborn mouse and in mouse models with OIR.Methods C57BL/6J newborn mice were divided into two groups and 60 mice in each group.Mice in OIR group were exposed to 75％ oxygen for 5 days and then to room air.All mice in normal control group exposed to room air only.Ten mice in each group were randomly chosen and sacrificed at postnatal 5,7,12,14,17,21 days.The expression of MCP-1 in mouse retina was detected with the method of immunohistoehemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results MCP-1 positive cells were seen in normal mouse retina.Up-regulation of MCP-1 positive cells was detected both in 12 days in normal control group and in 14 days in OIR group.MCP-1 mRNA was detected in mouse retina at 5 days,and a transient up-regulation of MCP-1 mRNA was observed in 12 days in normal control group.MCP-1 mRNA in OIR group significantly increased in 14 days in comparison with the normal control group( P =0.028,P =0.001 ). Conclusions Expression of MCP-1 is detectable in whole retinal development procession of mice.A transient up-regulation of MCP-1 expression is detected in the critical period of retinal vascular development in mice models with OIR,which is closely related to the retinal vascular development and progression of retinal new vessels.

Background Various studies have suggested that inflammatory factors such as leucocytes and macrophages are involved in the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy (DR),and many cytokines promote the occurrence of DR.However,the relationship of aqueous and serum monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) change with DR is unclear.Objective This study was to investigate the effects of MCP-1 and MIF in aqueous and serum during DR development.Methods Eighty patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled from Beijing Shijitan Hospital.These patients received phacoemulsification or phacoemulsification and vitrectomy from September,2010 to June,2011.Twenty-six cataract patients in the same stage (without diabetes) who underwent phacoemulsification surgery served as controls.According to the clinical stage of the DR,the diabetic patients were classified as the non-DR group (NDR) (20 eyes),non-proliferative DR group (NPDR) (38 eyes) and proliferative DR group (PDR) (22 eyes).Aqueous humour and periphery blood samples were collected during the operation to detect MCP-1 and MIF using enzyme-linked immnunosorbent assay (ELISA).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject before any relevant medical examination.Results The average aqueous MCP-1 levels were(1660.78±562.98),(1463.26± 623.41),(686.76±186.16) and(494.35±148.59) ng/L in the PDR group,NPDR group,NDR group and control group,respectively,showing a significant difference among the 4 groups (F=37.968,P=0.000).No significant differences were found in the aqueous MCP-1 levels between the control group and NDR group (P=0.169),or between the NPDR group and PDR group (P=0.117).However,the aqueous MCP-1 levels were significantly elevated in the PDR group,NPDR group and NDR group compared with the control group (P=0.000).The average aqueous MIF levels were (6.85±1.99),(3.56±0.90),(1.10±0.48) and (0.86 ± 0.46) μg/L,respectively,with significant differences among them (F =144.502,P =0.000).Multiple comparisons between groups were found to be significantly different (P =0.000) according to the LSD-t test,except between the control group and NDR group (P =0.475).A significant positive correlation was seen between the aqueous MCP-1 level and MCP-1 level in all study participants (r =0.564,P =0.000).However,serum levels of MCP-1 and MIF were not statistically significantly different among the 4 groups (F =2.158,P＞0.05;F =0.813,P＞0.05).Conclusions The increase of the aqueous MIF and MCP-1 levels is associated with the progression of diabetic retinopathy.The results suggest that MIF and MCP-1 promote the occurrence of DR.

OBJECTIVETo explore the surgical strategy of traumatic osteoarthritis of the hip joint secondary to the failure of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) treatment on acetabular fractures.

METHODSEighteen cases of traumatic osteoarthritis of the hip joint received total hip arthroplasties from May 2002 to December 2009, who had undergone the surgery of ORIF after acetabular fractures. There were 12 male and 6 female with an average age of 53 years (45 to 66 years). It was average 11.2 months (6.0 to 24.0 months) from the present of pain and limp to the operation. It was average 35 months (8 to 72 months) from ORIF procedure on acetabular fracture to total hip arthroplasty. Harris score was 50 points in average (26 to 70 points).

RESULTSAll 18 cases were followed up 40 months in average (12 to 86 months). They were allowed to get out of bed on 1 week after the operation. The time of full weight bearing lagged to 2 or 3 months after the operation. All patients had the function of their hips improved with Harris score of 86 points in average (80 to 92 points).

CONCLUSIONSThe procedures of ORIF on acetabular fracture make lots of trouble to total hip arthroplasty. It is important to rebuild the normal biological mechanisms of acetabulum and uses uncement fixed prosthesis as possible as it can.

Acetabulum ; injuries ; Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; complications ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis ; etiology ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

ObjectiveTo study the effects of membrane molecular weight cut off on a novel bioartificial liver(BAL) system.MethodsHealthy beagles underwent 6-hour treatment with a BAL containing membrane with 200 kDa retention rating or 1200 kDa retention rating.The functional changes and cell viability were characterized.ResultsHepatocyte performance levels such as albumin secretion,urea synthesis and viability were significantly higher in the 200 kDa retention rating group when compared with the 1200 kDa retention rating group (P＜0.05).Significant levels of canine proteins were detected in the BAL medium from the 1200 kDa retention rating group.Fluorescence microscopy further verified that heavy deposition of canine IgG,IgM and complement (C3) on co-culture cells were obtained after BAL treatment in the 1200 kDa retention rating group.ConclusionsSmall membrane molecular weight cut off of BAL could reduce the transfer of xenoreactive antibodies into the BAL medium and improved the performance of the BAL.

BACKGROUNDThe low-temperature resistance aging performance of Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) is the key effective factor that influences the long-term success rate of prosthesis. The objective of this study was to test and compare the aging performances for resisting low temperature of Lava Frame, Cercon Smart, and Upcera Yttria-stabilized zirconia core materials, via analyzing the micro and the crystal phases of the materials, and measure the three-point bending strength and the fracture toughness.

METHODSThe three zirconia green bodies were prepared as 60 test samples for three-point bending strength and as 60 test samples for fracture toughness. The test samples for three-point bending strength and fracture toughness were assigned to five groups and were treated respectively for 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 hours to observe the micro and the crystal phases of the test samples. Then the three-point bending strength and fracture toughness were tested by X-ray diffraction (XRD).

RESULTSThe m phase content of Lava Frame was raised from 7.70% to 13.01%; the m phase content of Cercon Smart was raised from 4.95% to 8.53%; and Lava Frame is raised from 10.84% to 35.18%. The three-point bending strengths of the three zirconia core materials were higher than 1100 MPa and the fracture toughness was higher than 3 MPa·m(1/2). The three-point bending strength and the fracture toughness of Upcra zirconia decreased the most, followed by Lava Frame, and then by Cercon Smart.

CONCLUSIONThe aging resistance sequences of the three zirconia core materials are, from strong to weak, Cercon Smart, Lava Frame, and Upcera.

Ceramics ; chemistry ; Dental Porcelain ; chemistry ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Temperature ; X-Ray Diffraction ; Yttrium ; chemistry ; Zirconium ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the influence of membrane molecular weight cut off in our bioartificial liver(BAL)system.Methods Beagle dogs were used for a model of acute liver failure through D-galactosamine administration.The acute liver failure Beagles were divided into two groups by the membrane molecular weight cut off.Group A was treated with BAL containing 200 kDa retention rating membrane.Group B was treated with BAL containing 1200 kDa retention rating membrane.Each group underwent two six-hour BAL treatments that were performed on day 1 and day 21.BAL medium were examined and levels of IgG,IgM,and complement hemolytic unit of 50％(CH50)antibodies were measured in all Beagles and.Results BAL treatment was associated with a significant decline in levels of CH50.1200 kDa group experienced a significant increase in levels of IgG and IgM after two BAL treatments.Significant levels of canine proteins were detected in BAL medium from 1200 kDa group.Conclusions Xenogeneic immune response in the BAL system was influenced by membrane molecular weight cut off.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical significance of postoperative personalized antithrombotic therapy for patients with hemophilic arthritis (HA) patients after arthroplasty.

METHODSFrom September 2005 to October 2013, 11 cases of arthroplasty for hemophilic arthritis in hip and knee total operation 14 times,including 1 case of double knees (calculated as one operation), operation in left knees 6 times, operation in right knees 5 times, 2 in hip. All the patients were male and the age ranged from 23 to 57 years old,with an average of (36.1 ± 11.0) years old; the average weight was (64.1 ± 8.9) kg. All the patients were preoperatively diagnosed and classified as hemophilic arthritis with the radiological images and laboratory tests. According to the function of joints, the risk of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE), and dynamic observation of Factor VIII:C (FVIII:C) activity, patients were treated with personalized antithrombus by adjusting the dosage of recombinant human coagulation factor VIII (Kogenate FS). All the patients were orderly divided into postoperatively distal joints moving group and none-moving group to observe the coagulation function.

RESULTSThe enrolled patients had no postoperative complication of VTE and pulmonary embolism (PE). The APTT and D-2 were different between two groups in the postoperative early stage. Length of hospital day was shorter in the moving group than none-moving group.

CONCLUSIONBecause of the self-coagulation disorder, patients with HA tended to bleed. However it doesn't mean that there is no risk of postoperative thrombosis. Therefore,it's important to determine how to control the balance between postoperative antithrombus, hemostasis,and coagulation factor replacement therapy after arthroplasty for HA. Postoperative moving has proved helpful for HA, especially in reducing the risk of hemostasis and shortening the time in hospital.

Adult ; Arthritis ; surgery ; Arthroplasty ; adverse effects ; Factor XIII ; metabolism ; Hemophilia A ; complications ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Thrombosis ; prevention & control ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo identify possible reasons of rotational mismatch between tibial component and femoral component in total knee arthroplasty and choose a right reference axis for placing the components in the operation and to decrease the complications.

METHODSForty normal Chinese knees were studied. There were 20 men and 20 women, and average age was 34 years (range, 18 - 42 years). The images of cross sections of the distal femur were obtained by spiral CT scanning (0.5 mm thickness). Scan direction was aligned to be in the plane perpendicular to the mechanical axis of the tibia. On the images of the distal femur and the proximal tibia, three baselines for the anteroposterior axis of the femoral component were drawn based on the clinical epicondylar axis and the surgical epicondylar axis and 3 degrees lateral rotated to the posterior condylar surfaces of the femur separately, and a baseline for the anteroposterior axis of the tibial component was drawn based on the medial 1/3 of the tibial tuberosity. The rotational mismatch angles were measured between each component by using the Autocad software.

RESULTSThe mean rotational mismatch angle between tibial component and femoral component is 2.94 degrees for the clinical epicondylar axis, 6.50 degrees for the surgical epicondylar axis and 6.83 degrees for 3 degrees lateral rotation of the femoral component referenced to the posterior condylar axis separately.

CONCLUSIONSLandmarks of each bone were the intrinsic cause of the rotational mismatch in total knee arthroplasty. The clinical epicondylar axis can be chosen for the ideal reference to rotational alignment of the femoral component because of its minimal rotational mismatch between each component.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

Objective: To evaluate the immunogenicity of HIV-1 clade C/B’ vaccine based on modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector in mice. Methods: Mice were inoculated with 3-dose HIV vaccine by intramuscular injection. Blood sample were collected every second week, and then the antibodies against HIV were detected. At week 6, mice were killed and cellular immune responses were examined by ELISPOT. Result: The number of spot forming cells in the 107 pfu/ml -dose group was more than those of 105 pfu/ml -dose and 106 pfu/ml -dose groups significantly. HIV specific antibodies emerged at week 2 and elevated rapidly at week 4 and week 6. The level of specific IgG in the 107 pfu/ml -dose group was more than those of 105 pfu/ml -dose and 106 pfu/ml -dose groups significantly. Conclusion: The ADMVA induces both humoral immunoresponse and cellular immune responses.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the relationship of expressions of nucleoside diphosphate kinase (nm23) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), as well as apoptosis, with the prognosis of HCC patients by analyzing their pathological and clinical data.

METHODSThe expressions of nm23 and PCNA were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and the apoptotic phenomena were detected by TUNEL technique in the liver samples from 43 HCC tissues, 39 para-neoplastic tissues, and 10 normal tissues. The mean apoptosis index (AI) and proliferative index (PI) in individual sample were calculated.

RESULTSAs shown by the detection, 32.6% of carcinomas had negative nm23 signal in tumor tissues, whereas all para-neoplastic and normal tissues had positive nm23. The AI in nm23 positive HCC was significantly higher than that in nm23 negative one, with statistical difference (P<0.05). Furthermore, the expressions of nm23, and the values of AI and PI were contrastively analyzed with some main pathological and clinical data of HCC. It revealed that HCC with extrahepatic metastasis showed remarkable correlation with the negative nm23 (P=0.013) and higher PI values of HCC (P=0.015). The disease-free survival in HCC patients with negative nm23 expression was significantly poorer than that in patients with positive nm23 expression.

CONCLUSIONSThese data suggest that expressions of nm23 protein in tumor tissues are correlated with occurrences of metastasis and length of survival of the HCC patients, which may be an indicator for their prognosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Apoptosis ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; biosynthesis ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; enzymology ; mortality ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Cell Proliferation ; Disease Progression ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Liver ; enzymology ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; enzymology ; mortality ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases ; biosynthesis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; biosynthesis