Objective To study the expression characteristics of Let-7 genes in breast cancer.Methods Twenty-eight patients with breast cancer were randomly selected,and their cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue were collected.TRIzol was used to extract the total RNA and real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the relative gene expression levels.Results The expression of precursor Let-7 in cancer tissue was (9.65 ± 2.31),which was lower than that in normal tissue (10.05 ± 2.81),P =0.048.Precursor Let-7 had dependence relationship with the long menstruation (b =0.816,P =0.029).The menarche age showed a positive correlation with precursor Let-7 in normal tissue (r =0.502,P =0.048) and a negative correlation in cancer tissue (r =-0.484,P =0.049) Conclusions The expression of precursor Let-7 in cancer tissue is lower than that in normal tissue.The period of menstruation is a protective factor to breast cancer.

Adolescent ; Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis ; pathology ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Lung ; pathology ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; pathology ; Male

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Nails ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Radius Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Skin ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the long-term survival of multidisciplinary treatment based on thoracic surgery for cervical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

METHODSThe clinical characters and follow-up data of forty-one cervical esophageal cancer patients who accepted multidisciplinary treatment based on surgery with preservation of pharynx and larynx were retrospectively reviewed, and the long-term survival was compared with 480 non-cervical esophageal cancers who accepted surgery in the same period done by the same surgical team.

RESULTSThere were 28 males and 13 females with a mean age of 62 years old. In the cervical esophageal cancer group, 30 patients accepted neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 25 patients accepted adjuvant chemotherapy, and 21 patients accepted both. Six patients received postoperative radiation. Four patients underwent exploratory surgery alone, and 37 cases underwent radical surgery and cervical anastomosis. One case died during the perioperative period. The 1-, 3-, 5- and 8-year survival rates were 96.8%, 52.6%, 35.1%, and 35.1% in the 36 patients with cervical esophageal cancer who underwent radical surgery, and were 85.0%, 54.3%, 45.0%, and 36.7% respectively in the 457 non-cervical esophageal cancer patients. There was no significant difference between the cervical group and non-cervical group(P=0.91).

CONCLUSIONCervical esophageal cancer should be treated in a multidisciplinary approach to obtain satisfactory long-term outcomes.

Combined Modality Therapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Esophagectomy ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Larynx ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharynx ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

The present study aims to investigate the lignan constituents from Sambucus williamsii and their proliferation effects on osteoblast-like UMR106 cells. Seven compounds were isolated and purified by macroporous resin D101, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, Toyopearl HW-40, ODS column chromatographies and Preparative HPLC(C-18). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods as threo-guaiacylglycerol-beta-0-4'-conifery ether (1), lirioresinol A (2), 1-hydroxypinoresinol (3), 5-methoxybalanophonin (4), balanophonin (5), 5-methoxy-trans-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (6), and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (7). Compounds 3-7 were obtained from this genus for the first time. The proliferation effects of all isolated compounds on osteoblast-like UMR106 cells were determined. Compounds 1-7 (1 x 10(-12)-1 x 10(-7) mol x L(-1)) increased UMR106 cell proliferation to some extent.
Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Lignans ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Sambucus ; chemistry

The study was aimed to investigate the action of Panax Notoginosides (PNS, extracted from notoginseng herb) on the expression of the apoptosis-related proteins (Daxx, Fas) and transcription factors (NFkB, c-Rel) in the hematopoietic cells and to explore the mechanisms of supporting cells to survive. The colony formation of CFU-GM and CFU-E in human bone marrow was assayed in the presence of various concentrations of PNS. The viability of cells was assayed by trypan blue and the changes of cell morphology were observed with microscope. The Annexin-V positive cells were detected by FCM. Three lineages of human myeloid HL-60, erythroid K562, megakaryoid CHRF-288 and Meg-01 cells were incubated in addition of PNS (10 mg/L) for 14 days. The nuclear or cytoplasm protein of cells was extracted and analyzed by Western blot with monoclonal antibodies against Daxx, Fas or NFkB, c-Rel. The results showed: (1) the proliferation on hematopoietic progenitor cells (CFU-GM and CFU-E) and four cell lines was promoted by PNS; (2) after the four cell lines were promoted by PNS and hungered through wiping off the sera, the viability of the four cell lines was high without significant morphological change and neither the detection of Annexin-V positive cells; (3) the expression of Daxx and Fas protein could be inhibited by PNS. Western Blot showed that Daxx in four cell lines treated by PNS were 33.3-61.5% lower than that in untreated controls. The Fas protein was also descended in three cell lines of K562, CHRF-288 and Meg-01 by 33.3-71.4% respectively, while Fas protein in HL-60 cells was no detectable difference after PNS treatment. (4) The transcription factors NFkB and c-Rel protein could be increased by PNS. The NFkB, c-Rel protein were also enhanced in three cell lines of K562, CHRF-288 and Meg-01 by (2.0-2.7) and (1.5-2.3)-fold respectively, while there were also no detectable difference in HL-60 cells after PNS treatment. It is concluded that PNS inhibites the expression of Daxx and Fas proteins, may decrease the apoptosis of the hematopoietic cells. The level of NFkB and c-Rel proteins can be enhanced by PNS, which not only stimulates the proliferation of cells, but also inhibits the activity of the waterfall of caspase and apoptosis of the hematopoietic cells. PNS may treat the disease with over-apoptosis of hematopoietic cells, as aplastic anemia.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; biosynthesis ; Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Fas Ligand Protein ; biosynthesis ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; NF-kappa B ; biosynthesis ; Nuclear Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; fas Receptor ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of Shangke Jiegu Tablet (SJT)in repairing the mandibular defect.

METHODSTotally 72 healthy male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into the normal control group (n = 24), the model group (n = 24), and the SJT group (n = 24). Then the mandibular defect model was established. Animals in the normal control group and the model group were fed with normal forage, while those in the SJT group were fed with SJT forage. On the day 7, 14, 28, and 56 after model establishment, 6 rabbits were killed in each group. The bone was collected from the mandibular defect. The gene expressions of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL) were detected by means of RT-PCR. The positive dyeing strength and area of the bone tissue were detected by means of immunohistochemical technique.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the degree of OPGmRNA expression was remarkably up-regulated on day 7 after model establishment (P < 0.05) and the degree of OPGLmRNA expression was remarkably up-regulated on day 14 after model establishment (P < 0.05) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the degree of OPGmRNA expression was remarkably up-regulated (P < 0.05), and the positive dyeing strength and area of bone tissue were stronger and broader on day 14, 28, and 56 after model establishment in the SJT group. The degree of OPGLmRNA expression was remarkably down-regulated (P < 0.05), and the positive dyeing strength and area of bone tissue were weaker and smaller on day 14 after model establishment in the SJT group. The ratio of OPGmRNA/OPGLmRNA was remarkably up-regulated on day 14, 28, and 56 after model establishment (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe effect mechanism of promoting mandibular defect repairing by SJT may be correlated to regulating the expressions of OPGmRNA and OPGLmRNA.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Ligands ; Male ; Mandibular Injuries ; genetics ; metabolism ; Osteoprotegerin ; metabolism ; RANK Ligand ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Wound Healing ; drug effects

Objective To evaluate the protective effect of Yersinia pestis capsular antigen F1 and recombinant rV270 on mice after immunization with them.Methods According to body weight,40 female Balb/c mice aged 6 to 8 weeks were randomly divided into four experimental groups(Fl-10 μg + aluminum adjuvant,F1-20 μg + aluminum adjuvant,rV-10 μg + aluminum adjuvant,and rV-20 μg + aluminum adjuvant) and a control group,8 in each group.Mice in experimental groups were immunized with the natural antigen F1 and recombinant antigen rV270 adsorbed to 25％ aluminum adjuvant and the control group was immunized with the same amount of aluminum adjuvant.Each mouse was immunized at the hind leg muscle with 100 ml immunizing agent,then a booster immunization was done once on the 21st day after the first immunization.The blood of all mice was collected on the 8th week after the first immunization,serum antibody titers were detected by ELISA and the data of antibody titers were analyzed by t test for comparison between groups.At the same time the mice were injected subcutaneously with 2000-fold LD50 of Yersinia pestis virulent strain 141,after 14 days,the protective effect of immunization was analyzed.Results The control group did not produce antibody.Antibody geometric mean titers (GMT) of the F1-10 mg + aluminum adjuvant and F1-20 mg + aluminum adjuvant groups were 1 ∶ 30443.9,and 1 ∶21527.8,respectively,and compared between the two groups,the difference was not statistically significant (t =1.1282,P ＞ 0.05).The GMTs of the rV-10 μg + aluminum adjuvant and rV-20 μg + aluminum adjuvant groups were 1 ∶ 13957.3 and 1 ∶18100.9,respectively,and compared between the two groups,the difference was not statistically significant(t =0.9408,P ＞ 0.05 ).After subcutaneous injection with Yersinia pestis virulent strain 141,all mice died in the control group but all survived in the experimental group.Conclusion The immune activity of natural antigen F1 and recombinant rV270 is high,which can be used as the main component of subunit vaccine in the plague subunit vaccine study.

AIM: Accommodation is one of the most important functions of human eye, while its mechanism is still under discussion. This paper aimed to study accommodation mechanism with numerical simulation.METHODS: A simulation model was constructed to study the mechanism of accommodation based on the experimental data derived from published resources. The displacement and pressure are applied on the model to study the deformation of lens during accommodating.RESULTS: The simulation showed that, as the eye was accommodating, the thickness of the lens increased linearly,and the lens diameter decreased linearly. The optical power of the lens increased as the accommodation increased. This result was accord with the public facts in accommodation.Furthermore, the pressure was found to have a great influence on the shape of the lens and the optical power. The lens became thinner and flatter as the pressure increased and the pressure caused a remarkable increase of lens' optical power.CONCLUSION: The outcome of this paper is consistent with the Helmholtz's hypothesis on accommodation to some extent. The analytical model presented in this paper can be used in the theoretical study of the accommodation mechanism of the human lens.

Objective To study the associations between daily mortality and the status of exposure to air pollution.Methods A time-series analysis was conducted to assess the relations between acute mortality and exposure to respiratory particulate matter (PM10),sulfur-dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in urban residents of Guangzhou (2004-2008),using Poisson regression.Results Through controling the factors as temperature,relative humidity,age,gender and time,significant increases were observed in all-cause mortality of 0.94％ (0.79-1.09) for PM10,1.55％(1.31-1.78) for NO2,and 1.09％ (0.91-1.27) for SO2,per 10 μg/m3,when increase of the lagging 2-day average concentrations of air pollution was seen,in Guangzhou.Stronger effects of exposure to air pollution were found on cardiovascular and respiratory mortality,as well as in elderly( ≥65 years) and female population.Conclusion Our results suggested that exposure to ambient pollution was significantly associated with the increase of excess risks,on total and cardio-respiratory mortality in the residents of Guangzhou.