This study is to establish a cell-based model targeting to neuraminidase (NA) of the 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus. NA is an influenza virus structural protein with enzymatic activity of the cleavage of HA-sialic acid interaction to release new viral particles from cells. A model of HIV-1 (pNL4-3.Luc.R(-)E(-)) based pseudovirions packed with HA [hemagglutinin, A/VietNam/1203/2004 (H5N1)] and NA [A/California/04/2009 (H1N1)] was established to evaluate compounds activities on NA function. The viral release can be blocked by neuraminidase inhibitors, oseltamivir and oseltamivir carboxylate, with IC50 of (61 +/- 31) nmol L(-1) and (5.5 +/- 2.9) nmol L(-1) respectively. A point mutation of H275Y on NA leads oseltamivir-resistance. This corresponding mutation was introduced into the system which was also confirmed by oseltamivir and oseltamivir carboxylate.

Female ; Humans ; Endometriosis

Objective To explore the clinical characteristic of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis(RPGN) induced by the antithyroid agents[propylthiouracil(PTU) and methimazole(MMI)].Methods The analysis was made according to the drug histories,clinical manifestation,serology investigations,renal biopsy in 2 children.Results Two cases presented with gross hematuria,proteinuria and renal dysfunction.One case with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(ANCA)-positive and vasculitis lesion with cresent in the renal biopsy;another presented with mesengial proliferation and cresent.They both had been diagnosed RPGN induced by antithyroid agents for 5 years because of Graves disease.The treatment included that PTU and MMI were withdrawn and then combined prednisone with mycophenolate mofetil(MMF)were applied.One year after treatment,the urine analysis and renal function returned to normal.Conclusions The antithyroid agents may induce RPGN.A early diagnosis and immunosuppressive therapy can improve its prognosis of the disease.

To survey the serum uric acid (SUA) levels and associated risk factors of hyperuricemia among youth and middle-aged residents in Guangzhou.A total of 1420 subjects,aged from 20 to 60 years,receiving health check-up at our hospital in 2010 were enrolled.The total prevalence of hyperuricemia was 22.04％,32.01％ in males and 14.07％ in females.The average SUA was (388 ±78) μmol/L in males and (288 ± 63) μ mol/L in females.The prevalence of hyperuricemia in males was 30.11％ before 40 years of age and 33.81％ between 40 and 60 years of age.The average level of SUA in males was significantly higher than that of females.logistic regression analysis showed that BUN,body mass index (BMI) and hypertriglyceridemia were the independent risk factors of disease while HDL-C and gender (females) the protective factors.

Humans ; Infant ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; complications ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Thymus Gland ; abnormalities

Polydatin is a monocrystaline compound isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. (Polygonaceae) with biological properties, such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative and nephroprotective effects. Increasing number of studies have demonstrated the protective effect of polydatin on renal ischemia reperfusion injury. However, the possible mechanisms of this protection are not fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effect of polydatin on ischemia-reperfusion induced expression of toll-like receptor4 (TLR4) in rat renal tubular epithelia cells (NRK-52E), and analyze the mechanism of polydatin on TLR4 signal pathway. The cultured NRK-52E cells were incubated in three gas incubators for a period of 6 h at hypoxia and 24h at reoxygenation to simulate the ischemia-reperfusion injury in vitro. TLR4 mRNA level was analyzed by real-time-PCR, and the protein expression of TLR4 and NF-κB by Western blotting, while TNF-α and IL-1β proteins expressions were detected by ELISA. Polydatin downregulated I/R induced mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4, and decreased the protein expression of NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1β. The TLR4 blocker partially antagonized the effect of I/R on NF-κB signaling, and such inhibitory effect was markedly enhanced by polydatin. In the present study, polydatin protects NRK-52E cells from I/R injury possibly by relieving the inflammatory response through regulation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Rats ; Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stilbenes ; pharmacology ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; genetics ; metabolism

To study the metabolite excretion of theophylline, a rapid and specific method by liquid chromatography with heated electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HESI/MS/MS) method for simultaneous determination of theophylline, 1, 3-dimethyluric acid (1,3-DMU), 3-methylxanthine (3-MX) and 1-methyluric acid (1-MU) in human urine was developed using theophylline-d6 and 5-fluorouracil as internal standards. Selected reaction monitoring (SRM) with heated electrospray ionization (HESI) was used in the negative mode for mass spectrometric detection. After diluted with methanol and centrifuged, the analytes and ISs were separated on a XDB-Phenyl (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) column with a mixture of water-methanol-formic acid (30 : 70 : 0.15) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6 mL x min(-1). The linear calibration curves for theophylline, 1, 3-DMU, 3-MX and 1-MU were obtained in the concentration range of 1.0-250 microg x mL(-1), separately. The method herein described is effective and convenient, and can be used for determination of theophylline and its three metabolites. The results showed that urinary excretion ratio of theophylline, 1,3-DMU, 3-MX and 1-MU is approximately 1 : 3 : 1 : 2 in Chinese subjects, which is similar to the reported excretion pattern in Caucasian.
Administration, Oral ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Calibration ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; metabolism ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tablets ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Theophylline ; metabolism ; urine ; Uric Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; urine ; Xanthines ; urine

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of total flavonoids of Oldenlendia difflusa (FOD) on NF-kappaB and IL-8, TNF-alpha, IL-10 expressions of ulcerative colitis (UC) model rats, and explore its immunological mechanism of anti-UC.

METHODSixty Kunming male mice with the average weight of (20 +/- 2) g were randomly divided into six groups. The control group (cont) was orally administered with distilled water. Whereas the remaining five groups were fed with 4% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) solution for seven days to induce acute UC, and orally administered with the following drugs: distilled water (for the DSS group), SASP at dose of 500 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) for the DSS + SASP group, FOD at dose of 60 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) for the DSS + FOD-H group, FOD at dose of 40 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) for the DSS + FOD-M group, and FOD at dose of 26.7 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) for the DSS + FOD-L group. During the modeling and drug administration, the mice were scored for DAI. Seven days later, the mice were put to death, and their colonic tissue samples were collected to evaluate colonic mucosal lesions. The NF-kappaB p65, IL-8, TNF-alpha, IL-10 expressions were tested by immunohistochemical staining and ELISA.

RESULTSeven-day feeding with 4% DSS solution could successfully induce acute UC in mice. Compared with the cont group, the DSS group showed significantly higher DAI and colonic mucosal lesions, remarkable increase in NF-kappaB p65, IL-8, TNF-alpha expression in colonic tissues, and notable decrease in IL-10 expression (P < 0.05). FOD could prevent acute UC in mice included by DSS. Seven-day administration of 60 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) or 40 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) FOD could completely or partially resist the above mentioned changes caused by DSS. Compared with the DSS group, the DSS + FOD-H group and the DSS + FOD-M group showed reduction in colonic mucosal lesions, down-regulation in IL-8, TNF-alpha and NF-kappaB p65 expressions and up-regulation in IL-10 expression (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFOD could significantly resist UC in mice. Its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NF-kappaB p65 activation, the reduction of IL-8 and TNF-alpha expressions and the increase in the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; administration & dosage ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Flavonoids ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Interleukin-8 ; genetics ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; immunology ; Oldenlandia ; chemistry ; Transcription Factor RelA ; genetics ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To discuss the optimal retrieval time of the indwelling Gunther Tulip and Cook Celcet inferior vena cava filters (VCF). Methods During the period from March 2013 to April 2015 at Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, the implantation of retrievable inferior vena cava filter was performed in 58 patients. Among the 58 patients, Gunther Tulip VCF was used in 13 and Cook Celcet VCF was employed in 31. Twenty-one patients followed the doctor's advice to receive retrieval procedure of VCF within three months after the implantation. Results Among the 21 patients, successful retrieval of VCF was obtained in 19. The mean indwelling time of Gunther Tulip VCF was 54.4 days, the longest time being 79.0 days. Gunther Tulip VCF was successfully removed in 3 patients and retrieval of VCF failed in 2 patients, with a retrieval success rate of 60%. The mean indwelling time of Cook Celcet VCF was 37.6 days, the longest time being 67.0 days. Cook Celcet VCF was successfully removed in 16 patients, with the success rate of retrieval being 100%. Conclusion Despite many VCFs that have been indwelled for a long time can be safely retrieved, retrieval procedure should be performed as early as possible in order to improve the retrieval success rate of VCF. It seems that the use of Cook Celcet VCF is a better choice although it is more expensive.

Objective To investigate the effect of polymorphism of TNF-?gene G308A on sever- ity of myocardial damage during cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB).Methods Sixty-three congenital ca- ses with ventrieualr septal defect(VSD)were divided into groups TNF1 and TNF2 after TNF-?gene pol- ymorphism was identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR- RFLP)before surgery.When the right atrium was opened and closed,specimens of myocardium were ob- tained to study the ultrastructural changes by electron microscope and determine expression of TNF-?mR- NA.Concentration of TNF-?in plasma was measured by radio-immunity after anesthetic induction(T1), 20 minutes of CPB(T2),at the end of CPB(T3) and six hours after CPB(T4)in all cases,respective- ly.Results (1)TNF-?level and the expression of TNF-?mRNA in myocardium were significantly increased during CPB(P＜0.05)in both groups.(2)TNF-?mRNA level of group TNF2 was significant- ly higher than that of group TNF1(P＜0.05).The myocardial CK-MB in group TNF2 was significantly higher than that in group TNF1 at 24 hours postoperatively(P＜0.01).The electron microscope showed more severe ultrastructural changes of myocardium in TNF2 group compared with that in group TNF1(P＜0.05).(3)The concentration of TNF-?in blood plasma in group TNF2 was significantly higher than that in group TNF1 at time points of T2-T4(P＜0.05).Conclusion Polymorphism of TNF-?gene G308A may influence the transcription and production of TNF-?in vivo and hence affect severity of myo- cardial damage.