Objective To study how polyclonal antibodies against ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) reduce botulinum toxin-in- duced axonal sprouting and affect paralytic muscle.Design Experimental study.Participants 20 New Zealand rabbits.Methods In 10 rabbits randomly selected,left superior rectus were as control (Group 1),right superior rectus were injected with botulinum toxin A (BTXA) 2.5U (Group 3).At 14th day,bilateral superior recti were taken out under general anaesthesia.In the other 10 rabbits,left su- perior recti were injected equivalent physical saline (NS) as control (Group 2);right superior recti were injected with BTXA 2.5U,after 4 days,injected with 50?l polyclonal antibodies against CNTF at same site (Group 4).And at 14th day,bilateral superior recti were taken out for electron microscopy,dyed with acetylcholinesterase,argentums (Ag) to show nerve axonal sprout,and accounted and mea- sured with Leica microsystems.Main Outcome Measures The mean number of sprouts and the mean total length of sprouts,and the uhrastructure change of muscle by electron microscopy.Results In Group 1,the mean number of sprouts and the mean total length of sprouts were 5.75% and 10.53?m respectively;Group 2 were 6.11% and 11.16?m;Group 3 were 84.04% and 170.71?m;and Group 4 were 54.77% and 68.12?m.The differences were statistically significant (all P=0.000).Electron microscopy showed that after admin- istration BTXA alone (Group 3),muscle atrophied obviously,nerve myelin sheath increased,while the structure of nerve and muscle re- main invariable.The Group 4 showed that local myofilament disrupted and dissolved,degenerative myocytes necrotized and disintegrat- ed into fragments,which led to partial unreversible destroy.Conclusion Polyclonal anti-CNTF can reduce BTXA-induced axonal sprout- ing,lead to partial unreversible destroy of muscle,which may prolong the time of paralytic muscle resuming.It suggests that polyclonal anti-CNTF could prolong the duration of muscle paralyses induced by botulinum toxin.

Objective To explore the change of hippocampal neurons cholinergic receptor in rats with vascular dementia(VD).Methods VD rat models were established by employing improved method of Pulsinelli's four-vessel occlusion.1 month later,the abilities of learning and memory of VD models were tested by Morris water maze.The activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in plasma and hippocampus were detected by the improved Ellman's colorimetric methods.The expressions of hippocampal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits ?3,?4 and ?7 proteins and mRNA were detected respectinely by Western Blotting and RT-PCR,respectively.The results were compared with sham operation group.Results Compared to the sham operation group,the escape latency of Morris water maze test and the first time crossing platform in VD group were significantly prolonged,the number of crossing platform was decreased (all P

Objective: To establish a determination method for the contents of salidroside and crenulatin in Rhodiolae Sacrae Herbra, and to compare the content differences of the two compounds in Rhodiolae Sacrae Herbra from different batches. Methods: Using HPLC-ELSD method and Kromasil C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), with acetonitrile and water as mobile phase, gradient elution at flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, column temperature of 30°C, nitrogen flow rate of 2.0 L/min, drift tube temperature of 45°C, and gain of 2. Results: The linear of salidroside was 0.806-8.06 μg (r = 0.9996, n = 6), and the average recovery rate was 100.56%. The linear of crenulatin was 2.142-21.42 μg (r = 0.9999, n = 6), and the average recovery rate was 100.40%. Conclusion: This method is simple, and accurate, and has better reproducibility for the determination of the two compounds in Rhodiolae Sacrae Herbra. It could be used as a quantitative determination method for salidroside and crenulatin in Rhodiolae Sacrae Herbra.

Age Factors ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prader-Willi Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effect of Shugan Yiyang Capsules combined with sertraline in the treatment of premature ejaculation (PE).

METHODSWe randomly assigned 192 PE patients to receive sertraline hydrochloride 50 mg qd (control group, n = 96) or sertraline hydrochloride 50 mg qd plus Shugan Yiyang Capsules at the dose of 4 capsules tid ( combination therapy group, n = 96) , both for 6 weeks. We compared the intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) and Chinese Index of Premature Ejaculation ( CIPE) scores between the two groups of patients before and after medication and at 6 weeks after drug withdrawal.

RESULTSCompared with the baseline, the IELT was significantly increased after 6 weeks of medication in the combination therapy group ([1.41 ± 0.53] vs [6.69 ± 3.56] min, P < 0.05) and the control group ([1.43 ± 0.48] vs [5.37 ± 2.91] min, P < 0.05), and so was the CIPE score in the former (9. 80 ± 2.06 vs 21.62 ± 4.76, P < 0.05) and the latter group ([9.41 ± 1.97] vs [20.85 ± 4.83] , P < 0.05). In comparison with the pre-medication indexes, the IELT ([3.77 ± 1.63] min) and CIPE score (16.92 ± 3.37) of the combined therapy group were remarkably improved at 6 weeks after drug withdrawal (P < 0.05), but not those of the control ([1.19 ± 1.34] min and 10.59 ± 2.38, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONShugan Yiyang Capsules combined with sertraline have a definite and lasting effect on premature ejaculation.

Capsules ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Premature Ejaculation ; drug therapy ; Sertraline ; therapeutic use

Adolescent ; Adult ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; therapy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; therapy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; therapy ; Lymphocyte Transfusion ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Survival Rate ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effects of dibutylphthalate (DBP) on the proliferation and apoptosis of HL-60 leukemic cells and to study its mechanism to purge leukemic cells.Methods The effects of DBP on proliferation of HL-60 leukemic cells were measured by cell culture method. The effects on apoptosis were measured by the percentage of the apoptotic cells in morphology and of the DNA fragmentation and by DNA gel electrophoresis. The intracellular free Ca~(2+) concentration ([Ca~(2+)]i) of leukemic cells were measured by Fura-2AM method. The protein expressions of c-myc and bcl-2 genes of leukemic cells were measured by immunohistochemical assay.Results DBP could suppress the proliferation of HL-60 leukemic cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner and induce them to die via apoptosis.It could elicit a intracellular Ca~(2+) redistribution and a potent extracellular calcium influx. It also down-regulated the protein expressions of c-myc and bcl-2 genes of HL-60 leukemic cells.Conclusion DBP can purge (HL-60) leukemic cells in vitro by increasing [Ca~(2+)]i of cells to initiate apoptosis and down-regulating bcl-2 and c-myc proto-gene expressions to promote cell apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the cytotoxicity and mechanism of killing tumor of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells in vitro.Methods Mononuclear cells were acquired freshly from bone marrow of children with leukemia,and the cells obstained were induced into dendritic cells by adding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating,IL-4,TNF-? and other cytokines.Lymphocytes cells were isolated freshly from peripheral blood of children with leukemia by Ficoll-Hypaque density centrifugation,and the cells obstained were induced by IFN-?,IL-2 and CD3McAb.The DC cells and CIK cells were co-cultured for 10-25 days,then DC-CIK cells were obtained.Phenotypes of DC-CIK were analyzed by flow cytomery.The cytotoxicity of DC-CIK against a variety of leukemic cell lines was investigated by MTT technique.When treated with mouse-anti-human LFA-1 monoclonal antibody,the expression of GATA-3 and T -bet in the levels of mRNA and protein were mea-sured by using RT-PCR and Western Blot technique,respectively.Results In the first 0-6 days,DC-CIK induced slowly,the proliferation of DC-CIK got 100-fold at the 13th day,cells were rapidly proliferating in the first 13-21 days.The maximum proliferation of DC-CIK reached at the 22nd day.The phenotypes of CD3,CD11a,CD54,HLA-DR were expressed highly; CD3/CD56,CD25,CD28,CD69,FasL were expressed moderately on DC-CIK.The expression of CD16 was not increased.DC-CIK possessed the cytotoxicity against tumor cells of B95,Jhhan and M07e.The effect was stronger to B95,there was no significant difference when the efficiency target ratio was 12.5:1.0 or 25:1,the cytotoxicity reached about 50% and 60%,respectively,against tumor cells of B95.However,it was not obvious to Jhhan and M07e.When the efficiency target ratio was 12.5:1.0 or 25:1,the cytotoxicity reached to 27.21%,25.13%,33.05%,29.72%,respectively,against tumor cells of Jhhan and M07e.When treated with mouse-anti-human LFA-1 monoclonal antibody,the expression of GATA-3 in the level of mRNA was up-regulated(t=3.425,4.523 Pa

Objective To investigate the pathological diagnosis of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia in gastric biopsy.MethodsOne hundred and forty-three cases diagnosed by gastric biopsy as high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia were analyzed by light microscopy,and were compared with the pathological findings of surgical specimens in 60 cases and a second biopsy in 13 cases.Results Among the sixty cases treated surgically following the gastric biopsies,no carcinoma was found in 6,while the other 54 were diagnosed as gastric adenocarcinoma,27 in advanced stage and 27 in early stage,respectively.Fifteen cases were well-differentiated,24 moderately-differentiated,12 poorly-differentiated and 3 were of mucinous type.Four of the 13 cases with a second biopsy were diagnosed as well-differentiated adenocarcinoma,8 low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and 1 chronic inflammation.The colorectal adenomas-like changes were morphologically found in 6 surgically-treated cases without carcinoma,5 of whom mucous muscles were not found by biopsy.Fibroblastic reactions were found in 9 cases,all of which were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma in surgical specimens.Conclusion Ninety percent of the cases who are diagnosed as high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia by biopsy may have already been complicated with adenocarcinoma.The location and depth of the specimen in gastric biopsy have a considerable influence on pathological diagnosis.The fibroblastic reaction may be considered as an important marker for gastric adenocarcinoma in pathological diagnosis of gastric biopsy.

ObjectiveTo investigate the status of an illness of endemic fluorosis in Xuchang city,and to evaluate the effect of implementation of control measures.MethodsIn 2009,Changge city and Xuchang county were chosen as survey counties(city).We investigated the surveillance counties (city) about the running state of water-inproving projects,and fluoride content of drinking water in the villages,and ten villages were chosen as survey villages,dental fluorosis and fluoride content of children aged 8 to 12,clinical skeletal fluorosis and urinary fluoride content of 16-year-old adult were investigated.ResultsIn all the villages with projects of defluoridation for drinking water of the two monitoring counties,that the projects was being used accounted for 61.39％(97/158),and the projects discarded accounted for 38.61％(61/158).In the 9 non-water-improving villages,the average water fluoride ranged 1.32 - 2.25 mg/L; in the 1 water-improving village,the mean water fluoride was 0.44 mg/L.The total rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was 38.65％ (80/207),and the geometric mean of urinary fluoride was 1.65 mg/L.The rate of adult skeletal fluorosis by clinical detection was 0.30％ (9/2982),and the geometric mean of urinary fluoride was 2.09 mg/L.ConclusionsXuchang city is a mild to moderate fluorosis epidemic areas of endemic fluorosis,and condition of the disease has not yet been effectively controlled,and there is need to further intensify the prevention and control efforts.