Objective To explore the effect of different concentrations of hypertonic saline for cerebral ede -ma on blood biochemical and osmotic pressure .Methods 60 cases were randomly divided into the 3% HS group, 7.5%HS group and the mannitol group .The patients were randomly assigned to infusion of 3% HS, 7.5% HS or 20%mannitol (all 2 mL/kg).Blood biochemical and osmotic pressure on patients were measured before and after the treatment among groups .Results Serum Na +, Cl -and osmotic pressure were significantly higher at 2 hours and 22 hours of reperfusion than at baseline (p<0.05) in the 7.5% HS group and the mannitol group .The difference were significant on serum Na +, Cl-and osmotic pressure at 2 hours and 22 hours of reperfusion in the 7.5% HS group and the mannitol group than in the 3% HS group(p<0.05).Conclusion 3% hypertonic saline had less effects on blood biochemical and osmotic pressure than other groups for patients of cerebral edema .It is worthy of popularization and application .

Objective To evaluate the decompression performance of anti pressure ulcer cushions with different materials and structures. Methods The common cotton cushion, sponge cushion, 3D fabric cushion, and upper 3D fabric and lower sponge cushion were analyzed by XSensor pressure sensor testing system. The pressure distribution, the pressure peak and the average pressure were analyzed to compare the decompression performance and the comfortable capability. Results and Conclusion The upper 3D fabric and lower sponge cushion can en-sure the decompression performance with excellent permeability. Both decompression and air comfort permeability should be the future di-rection of ulcer cushions research and production.

In order to elucidate the mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine, much work has been done based on chemical constituent-target in the molecular system. It cannot comply with the holistic efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine. Thus, the authors of this paper proposed to study the functional target adopted from Western medicine. The data of Chinese herbal function were collected from 2005 edition of The People's Republic of China Pharmacopoeia. A total of 135 functional targets were found, and a network about functional target and mode of action was built. The authors also explored the applications of functional target and the network combined with Sijunzi Decoction and Mahuang Decoction. The results, reflecting the feature of Chinese herbal medicine, will not only be helpful to elucidate the holistic mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine, but also beneficial to studying the theory of Chinese formulas and developing new formulas.

The method of reinforcement and elimination are frequently used in TCM therapy on malignant tumor,as mediation method is seldom used.But Dr.CHEN Yi realizes that spirit being invalid is the key to the invasion of malignant tumor,and depression is the key to the pathogenesis of tumor,qi stagnation and blood stasis is its main characteristic.Under the guidance of the spirit-regulating and depression-relieving,on the base of mediation therapy,Dr.CHEN Yi uses Xiaoyao Powder,combined with the therapies of activating blood,dispelling dampness,resolving phlegm,purging the pathogenic fire,promoting digestion,in treating malignant tumor to dredge meridians,make qi and blood unobstructed,eliminate the stagnation,and it has gotten satisfactory results which include improving the patients’life quality,constraining tumor’s development,prolonging patients’ survival time.This text is a brief instruction to the application principle and theoretic basis of CHEN Yi’s law of regulating spirit and relieving depression in malignant tumor therapy.

Posterior capsule opacification(PCO) is a common postoperative complication of cataract surgery.PCO is usually caused by the proliferation,migration,epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT),collagen deposition,and lens fiber regeneration of residual lens epithelial cells(LECs).Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) has been proposed as the most important factor driving the trans-differentiation and pathologic fibrosis of LECs.A variety of studies have elucidated that the Smad signaling pathway plays a critical role in the transduction of TGF-β signal.However,there are still other signaling pathways which may be activated downstream by TGF-β,including phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt(PI3 K/Akt),Rho,Wnt and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways.This review highlights recent advances in the study of the signaling pathway of TGF-β in the pathological process of PCO.

AIM: To explore the relationship between different timing of vitreous surgery and prognosis after the open globe injuries.
METHODS:Fifty-eight cases (58 eyes) with open globe injuries were chosen in our hospital from June 2011 to June 2013, and randomly divided into observation group and control group to have vitreous surgery in early phase and normal time respectively. Thirty cases ( 30 eyes ) in the observation group were received vitreous surgery during 3d, and 28 cases (28 eyes) in the control group from one to two weeks. The vitreous surgery of two groups of patients were finished by the author herself. The ocular injury before surgery, the effect of surgery treatment and the incidence of complications after surgery of the two groups of patients were compared.
RESULTS: The eye damage situation such as lens rupture, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment and corneal laceration of two groups of patients before surgery were no significant statistical difference ( P >0.05). The postoperative therapeutic effect of observation group was better than the control group (χ2=6. 869, P<0.05 ); the postoperative complications of observation group was obviously lower than the control group (P<0. 05). CONCLUSION: The timing of vitreous surgery of patients with open globe injuries correlate with the prognosis, which prompts that better therapeutic effect can be achieved and the occurrence of complications can be reduced in early vitreous surgery of the patients with open globe injuries.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Shenkangwan in preventing the development of diabetic nephropathy(DN)through TGF-?1/Smad signaling pathway.Methods The diabetic rat models were established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ)in male Wistar rats and randomly divided into 3 groups:model control group,Capoten group and Shenkangwan group.Another 8 normal Wistar rats served as normal control.After the rats had been treated for 8 weeks,the mRNA expressions of fibronetin(FN)and TGF-?1 were detected by RT-PCR and the protein expressions of Smad 2,Smad 3 by immunohistochemistry in the renal tissues.Results During the past 8 weeks,the blood glucose of the rats in the model control group was all over 16.7 mmol/L and they exhibited the symptoms of diabetes mellitus,such as excessive thirsty,extreme hunger,frequent urination and unusual weight loss.The mRNA expressions of FN and TGF-?1 in rat renal tissues of model control group were significantly higher than those in the rats of normal control group(P

Instructional system design is an important component of instruction. Chaos theory is used in instructional system design of clinical teaching. Application of butterfly effect, fractals and strange attractors theory enhances students’clinical capabilities and comprehensive ability to analyze and solve problems.

Adult ; Echinococcosis ; Heart Diseases ; parasitology ; Humans ; Male

Hormones ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Prednisone ; administration & dosage ; Recurrence