Objective: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory helper T cell type 2 (Th2) cytokine that modulates Th1-type cytokine production. The purpose of present study was to detect the expression and changes of IL-10 in the rats heart transplantation, as determine the role of IL-10 in the acute rejection of rats heart transplantation. Methods: Hearts from DA rats were transplanted into the necks of Wistar recipients. Allografts was divided into five groups: group A (control, n=12), group B (DST treated, n=12), group C (IL-2 Mab treated, n=12), group D (IL-4 Mab treated, n=12), group E (IL-2 Mab treated, n=12). The local expression of IL-10 was analyzed at day 1,3,5,7,9,11,14 by reversed transcripition polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Allografts survival time was (8.3±1.7) days, (29.2±7.1) days, (26.4±5.7) days, (10.2±1.9) days and (55.0±10.6) days (P＜0.05， P＜0.01), respectively. When compared with group A, the level of IL-10 was upregulated in group B, group C and group E, especially in group E. The upregulation of IL-10 was related to the grafts survival time. Conclusion: IL-10 plays an important role in the development of acute transplantational rejection, suggests that Th-2 type deviation may contribute to the prolongation of graft survival.

Chorionic Villi ; metabolism ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Diabetes, Gestational ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Glycogen ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lipids ; analysis ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Placenta ; metabolism ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Pregnancy

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nIPPV) in preventing extubation failure in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) compared with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP).Methods A single-center randomized controlled trial was conducted from Jun 2012 to Jun 2013 in the NICU of Children's Hospital of Hebei Province.Eighty-four cases of VLBWI (birth weight 700 ～ 1 500 g,gestational age 27 ～ 32 weeks) with respiratory failure and subjected to mechanical ventilation were eligible for the study if they needed non-invasive,assisted ventilation at the time of first extubation attempt.They were randomly assigned to receive nIPPV (40 cases) or nCPAP (44 cases) according to random number table method,using the rate of successful extubation as primary outcome.Blood gas data were obtained and PaO2,PaCO2,FiO2,PaO2/FiO2 were monitored at 0 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h after extubation as enrollment for oxygenation and duration,the rate of successful extubation and the incidence of adverse events including frequent apnea,bronchopulmonary dysplasia,intraventricular hemorrhage,periventricular leukomalacia and retinopathy of prematurity and mortality as secondary outcomes.Results There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics including the proportion of primary disease,sex,weight,gestational age,score for neonatal acute physiology and application of pulmonary surfactant between nIPPV group and nCPAP group (P ＞ 0.05).There were no significant differences in PaO2,PaCO2 and PaO2/FiO2 ratio between the two groups at 0 h of enrollment (P ＞ 0.05).The values of PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 ratio in nIPPV group were significantly higher[48 h:PaO2:(63.2 ± 3.6) mmHg vs (52.3 ±6.7) mmHg,PaO2/FiO2:(243.2 ±32.8) mmHg vs (187.6 ±34.0) mmHg;72 h:PaO2:(66.4 ±5.8) mmHg vs (51.8±5.9) mmHg,PaO2/EO2:(280.6 ± 16.8) mmHg vs (245.2 ±40.5) mrnHg;1 rnmHg =0.133 kPa],whereas PaCO2 lower[48 h:(40.3 ±4.8) mmHg vs (49.2 ±6.6) mmHg,72 h:(42.2 ±5.6) mmHg vs (57.3 ± 6.9) mmHg],than nCPAP group at 48 h and 72 h after extubation (P ＜ 0.05).The oxygenation status in nIPPV group were significantly improved at 48 h and 72 h after extubation compared with the intra-group data at 0 h (P ＜ 0.05).The total ventilation time was shorter in nIPPV group than nCPAP group[(130.9 ±46.7) h vs (180.5 ±50.1) h,P ＜0.05],but the oxygen exposure time had no significant difference[(190.6 ± 45.2) h vs (216.8 ± 54.4) h,P ＞ 0.05].The rate of successful extubation in nIPPV group was significantly higher as compared with nCPAP group[92.5％ (37/40) vs 75.0％ (33/44),P ＜ 0.05].The incidence of frequent apnea and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in nIPPV was lower than nCPAP group[15.0％ (6/40) vs 34.1％ (15/44) ;2.5％ (1/40) vs 15.9％ (7/44),P ＜ 0.05].There were no significant differences in the incidence of severe intraventricular hemorrhage,perivenwicular leukomalacia,retinopathy of prematurity,late of infections,necrotizing enterocolitis,patent ductus arteriosus,patent ductus arteriosus operation and mortality before discharge between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion nIPPV after extubation in VLBWI has beneficial effects as compared with nCPAP in improving oxygenation,shortening noninvasive ventilation time,improving the rate of successful extubation,and can reduce the incidence of frequent apnea and bronchial pulmonary dysplasia in VLBWI.

Articular cartilage repair is limited. Current treatments for cartilage defect are less satisfactory, and rarely restore full function or return the tissue to its native normal state. The rise of tissue engineering holds great promise for the generation of functional cartilage tissue substitutes. The history of cartilage tissue engineering and highlights the applications and advantages of various kinds of scaffolds in cartilage tissue engineering, such as native scaffolds, synthesis scaffolds, composite scaffolds and nanometer scaffolds had been introduced. But native scaffolds have weak strength and immunogenicity insufficiency, synthesis scaffolds degrade quickly, whose degrading products have cytotoxicity,which need further improvement. The application of superficial decoration overcomes the disadvantage of some scaffolds to an extend. Composite scaffolds possess the advantages of several scaffolds, it points out the direction of future scaffolds research. The development of Nanometer technique endows newly-synthesis scaffolds with nano-grade, thus it has some advantages and give a new way for the development of tissue engineering. At the end, the problems of these scaffolds, their trend of development and perspective studies were discussed.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between periodontitis and life style. Methods By using randomized cluster sampling method,2990 health check-up receivers were enrolled in this cross sectional survey from September 2007 to September 2008. The participants were requested to fill in a questionnaire to assess community periodontal index and synthesis grades. Multiple linear regression was used for data analysis. Results Gender (P = 0. 000) , age (P = 0. 000 ) , educational level ( P = 0. 001) , smoking (P = 0.011 ) and duration of teeth brush ( P = 0.026 ) were positively correlated with periodontitis. However, periodontitis showed no relationship with alcohol consumption, food intake, daily activity,frequency of teeth brush, periodontal bleeding. Conclusion Periodontitis is a condition with multiple risk factors. Improving life style may help to prevent general population from periodontitis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Heart Failure ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Serum Response Factor ; metabolism

Objective To explore the application of nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma in the wounded after Wenchuan earthquake.Methods The clinically commonly used self-rating scales (integrated SCL-90,SDS and SAS,and mental status scale in non-psychiatric settings),clinician-administered scale (nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma)and diagnostic criteria in psychiatric settings(CCMD-3)were employed to assess the mental status of 21 patients after Wenchuan earthquake,and the recovery rates of these scales were analysed.Results All the 21 patients suffered from psychological disturbance to some extent, while none met the criteria of mental diseases.The recovery rate of the integrated SCL-90,SDS and SAS was only 9.5%, while those of the nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma and mental status scale in non-psychiatric settings reached 100%.Conclusion The nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma and mental status scale in non-psychiatric settings with fewer items are more suitable for the wounded early after earthquake,with a favourable confidence and efficacy.The diagnostic criteria in psychiatric settings can not be universally used in the wounded after earthquake.

Objective To investigate the calculation method and its inlfuencing factors of Z scores in the aortic root diameters measured by echocardiography in children. Methods A total of 105 children with median age 19 months, who came to Shenzhen Children′s Hospital from March 2012 to October 2012 were included. The diameters of aortic ring (ARD) and aortic sinus (ASD) were measured by two dimension echocardiography, Z scores of ARD and ASD were calculated using two different normal reference values regression equation and mean square error derived from Shenzhen children′s hospital (C method) and Pettersen et al (P method). The regression equation from C method and body surface area (BSA) formula from P method were adopted to calculate Z scores of ARD and ASD (ZH method). The Z results of ARD and ASD calculated by those three methods were compared and were analyzed for their normality probability distributions. Results Z scores of ARD and ASD derived from C method were all showed as normal distribution (P=0.067 and 0.650). Z scores of ARD and ASD derived from P method were all showed as normal distribution (P=0.208 and 0.970). Z score of ARD derived from ZH method was showed as non-normal distribution (P=0.027), but Z score of ASD was normal distribution (P=0.430). There were no significant differences in ARD-Z calculated by C method (0.41±0.89), P method (0.23±0.85) and ZH method (0.36±0.94) (F=1.117, P=0.309). There were signiifcant differences in the Z scores of ASD calculated by C method (0.38±0.89), P method (0.58±0.71) and ZH method (0.36±0.84) (F=5.443, P=0.005). Z scores of ARD (r=0.917, P=0.000) and ASD (r=0.900, P=0.000) calculated by C method correlated well with that by P method. Conclusions Calculation method of BSA and normal reference values regression equation were the main influencing factors of Z score value in quantifying children aortic root diameters by echocardiography. For the clinical applications. The normal reference value should be used which is suitable for the Chinese children.

Objective: To study the effect of baohuoside-I extracted from Periplocae Cortex on proliferation and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway of human esophageal carcinoma cell Eca-109. Methods: The expressions of β-catenin, Cyclin D1, and Survivin protein in Eca-109 cells were measured with flow cytometry (FCM). The expressions of β-catenin, Cyclin D1, and Survivin mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. Results: After treatment with 25 and 50 μg/mL of baohuoside-I for 48 h, the expression levels of β-catenin, Cyclin D1, Survivin mRNA, and protein were decreased significantly (P<0.01), but with 12.5 μg/ML of baohuoside-I the expression level was not decreased significantly compared with the control group. Conclusion: Baohuoside-I from Periplocae Cortex could inhibit the proliferation of Eca-109 cells. This effect associais with down-regulation expression of β-catenin, Cyclin D1, Survivin, and their proteins, which affects on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVETo compare the tissue engineered cartilage constructed with chondrocytes derived from auricular and articular cartilage.

METHODSChondrocytes were isolated from porcine auricular and articular cartilage, and BMSCs were obtained from bone marrow aspirate and cultured. Each kind of chondrocytes were resuspended alone or mixed with BMSCs at a ratio of 1:1, and seeded onto PGA/PLA scaffolds to construct tissue engineered cartilage (n = 4). The constructs were cultured for 8 weeks in vitro and then subcutaneously implanted into nude mice for 6 weeks. The differences between chondrocytes monoculture from articular and auricular cartilage or between each of them co-cultured with BMSCs were evaluated by gross view, measurement of thickness and wet weight, histological examinations including H&E, Safranin O, type II collagen, and Ponceau's & Victoria blue staining, and gene expression analysis of cartilage related genes.

RESULTSNo obvious differences were found histologically among the complexes constructed in vitro 8 weeks except for few elastic fibers secreted in the auricular chondrocytes + BMSCs co-culture group. Neo-cartilage is thicker in the groups of articular chondrocytes (38. 1% than the group of auricular chondrocytes, P < 0.05) and articular chondrocytes + BMSCs co-culture (19.3% than the group of auricular chondrocytes + BMSCs, P < 0.05). However, after 6 weeks in vivo the elastic fibers were found positive in the complexes constructed by auricular chondrocytes, and its staining was even stronger and more homogenous in the group of auricular chondrocytes + BMSCs co-culture. The tissues generated by articular chondrocytes alone and co-cultured with BMSCs both formed the characteristic features of three-layer structure of hyaline cartilage and ossified in vivo with significant up-regulation of COL10A1 and MMP-13. To summarize, auricular chondrocytes formed the elastic cartilage while articular chondrocytes formed the hyaline cartilage during the development of tissue engineered cartilage either by monoculture or the co-culture with BMSCs.

CONCLUSIONSThe chondrogenic response of chondrocytes from different cartilage origins demonstrates that an initial chondrocyte and cartilage type recapitulates the same in later tissue-engineered development.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cartilage, Articular ; cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chondrocytes ; Coculture Techniques ; Ear Auricle ; cytology ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Mice, Nude ; Swine ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tissue Scaffolds