OBJECTIVE To develop an HPLC method for determination of main components in prepared rhubarb decoction and investigate its effects on rats with noxious heat blood stasis syndrome.METHODS The analysis was performed on a Hy-persil GOLD C18column with the mobile phase of 0.1％phosphoric acid solution(A)-acetonitrile(B).The detection wave-length was set at 254 nm and the column temperature was 30 ℃.The method was validated and the samples were determined under this condition.The abdominal aortic blood of rats with noxious heat blood stasis syndrome was collected and tested to obtain the hemorheological parameters.Also,the TXB2and 6-keto-PGF1αlevels in rats plasma were measured.RESULTS The developed HPLC method showed good linearity within certain concentration ranges.And the precision,repeatability,sta-bility and recovery all met the requirements.Compared with rats in model group,the whole blood viscosity at four shear rates(P<0.05),plasma viscosity(P<0.01)and the level of plasma fibrinogen content(P<0.01)in the high dose group were sig-nificantly decreased after doing,and the TT(P<0.01)and PT(P<0.01)values were significantly prolonged.Furthermore,the levels of TXB2(decreased,P<0.05)and 6-keto-PGF1α(increased,P<0.05)were significantly changed,and their ratio was corrected to be normal.CONCLUSION The method was simple,accurate and reliable,which could be used for quality control of prepared rhubarb decoction.Prepared rhubarb could improve vascular endothelial function by modifying blood rheol-ogy,promoting the secretion of PGI2,reducing the generation of TXA2and recovering the balance of TXB2/6-keto-PGF1α.

OBJECTIVETo observe the change of nephron damaged by chemotherapy and to evaluate the effect of Baoshen Mixture (, BSM) in protecting and treating damaged nephrons.

METHODSFour hundred tumor patients with normal renal function and ready to receive chemotherapy were randomly assigned to two groups. Both groups received one cycle of chemotherapy program of 28-30 days with conventional hydratization, alkalization and chloridization. To the 200 cases in the treated group BSM was given orally thrice a day, 150 mL every time for 15 successive days and the other 200 cases in the control group were treated by chemotherapy alone. The clinical efficacy was compared after treatment, and the changed condition of damaged nephrons were monitored dynamically and compared at different time points (the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st day after chemotherapy) by measuring the micro-globulin beta(2) (beta(2)-MG), albumin (Alb) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in urine with radioimmunoassay (RIA).

RESULTS(1) The effective rates in the treated group at the 4 time points of observation were all higher than those in the control group respectively (P<0.05 or P<0.01); (2) Less occurrence of abnormal beta(2)-M, Alb and IgG levels on the 14th and 21st day in the treated group took place compared to that in the control group (P<0.01); (3) Urinary levels of beta(2)-MG, Alb and IgG reached the peak on the 7th day in both groups, and then, they came down gradually and returned to the normal level on the 21st day. However, comparison between the two groups showed that all the three parameters in the treated group on day 3, 14 and 21 were lower than the respective one at the corresponding time points in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe chemotherapy damage on nephron is regular in time, and reversible when treated suitably. TCM shows a marked effect in protecting and treating the damage on nephron caused by chemotherapy.

Adult ; Aged ; Albuminuria ; prevention & control ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; urine ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephrons ; drug effects ; beta 2-Microglobulin ; urine

Objective To observe the effect of Ti-6AL-4V particles on morphological and func- tional changes of osteoclast in vitro.Methods Mature osteoclasts separated from New Zealand Rabbits were cultured on glass slices and cortical bone slices.The experimental group was stimulated by Ti-6AL- 4V particles at concentration of 0.1 mg/ml.The cells were stained with TRAP at different culture time to observe the morphological variety.The bone resorption pits on bone slices were stained by toluidine blue and the resorption areas analyzed by computer image analysis software.Results Osteoclasts phagocy- tosed the particles,with irregular shapes,deeper TRAP stain and earlier apoptosis.Stimulation by Ti- 6AL-4V particles brought about larger area of bone absorption lacuna.Conclusion Osteoclasts have the ability to phagocytose Ti-6AL-4V particles,which leads to morphological and functional changes and enhances bone resorption.

Abstract: Objective　This paper aims to explore the effect of live attenuated varicella vaccine on the sensitivity of tuberculin skin test(TST), and to provide reference for tuberculin skin test in the future. Methods　TST and emergency varicella vaccine were administered to students in grade one of a high school in Wuxi, Jiangsu province, who had both TB and varicella cases. Independent-samples t test was used to analyze the mean diameter of induration of TST in day 0, day 83 and day 195. The retrospective cohort study was used to analyze the effect of live attenuated varicella vaccine on TST. 　　Results　The mean induration diameter of 45 students who participated in three TST tests on day 0, day 83 and day 195 were analyzed by independent sample t test. On day 0, there was a difference in the mean diameter of TST induration between the unvaccinated and vaccinated groups(1.630±2.837 vs 5.818±4.530) (t=-3.692, P=0.001). On day 83, there was no difference in the mean diameter of TST induration between the two groups(0.001±0.001 vs 0.114±0.533) (t=-1.000, P=0.329). On day 195, there was a difference in the mean diameter of TST induration between the two groups(1.913±3.774 vs 5.023±5.126) (t=-2.309, P=0.026). Moreover, the retrospective cohort study showed that the mean diameter of TST induration changed more significantly after inoculation with varicella vaccine, RR=6.071, 95%CI (1.667-22.116), P<0.05; After inoculation with varicella vaccine, the mean diameter of TST test did not change significantly from day 0 to day 195 with no statistical significance RR=3.474, 95%CI (0.333-36.240), P>0.05. Conclusions　Live attenuated varicella vaccine may temporarily affect the sensitivity of tuberculin skin test.

Objective To develop a method of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) for detection of translocation ETS leukemia-acute myeloid leukemia 1(TEL-AML1) fusion gene in children with acute lymphoblast leukemia(ALL),and explore its clinical application in minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring.Methods By reverse transcription and RQ-PCR,a quantifying of TEL-AML1 fusion gene was developed,and the expression levels of TEL-AML1 were detected in bone marrow (BM) samples obtained from 24 children with ALL at diagnosis and at the end of induction of remission,as well as at a series of follow-up. Moreover,the results of MRD detection by RQ-PCR were compared with that of detection by routine morphological examine of BM and cells differentiation mark analysis by flow cytometer(FCM),to evaluate the sensitivity of RQ-PCR in MRD monitoring. Results A method of RQ-PCR targeted at TEL-AML1 fusion gene was established. In 11 BM samples,which collected from TEL-AML1 positive children at the end of induction therapy and all of them achieved completely remission (CR) by routine morphological examine,5 samples were found to be MRD positive by RQ-PCR,positive ratio was 45%. There were 15 BM samples collected in maintenance therapy period,and all these samples were CR by routine morphological examine. However,by RQ-PCR,3 out of 15 samples were found to be MRD positive during maintenance therapy period. After intense and maintenance therapy,the MRD levels of the 3 children were declined to negative. In a recrudescent child,the expression of TEL-AML1 fusion gene was rose by a magnitude of 103 copies before relapse,and after induction therapy once again the patient was completely relaxed.Conclusions RQ-PCR targeted at TEL-AML1 has a higher sensitivity than conventional morphologic way and FCM. RQ-PCR can be used in the quantitative detection of MRD,and provide gist for early prognosticating a relapse and instructing clinical therapy.

Objective To study morphological changes of rabbit artery endothelial cell injury and atherosclerosis caused by high fluoride and the role of selenium. Methods Twenty healthy male New Zealand white rabbits, body weight (2.0 ± 0.5)kg, were randomly divided into control group(drinking deionized water, fed basic diet), fluoride group(drinking fluoride 100 mg/L deionized water, fed basic diet), selenium group(drinking selenium 1 mg/L deionized water, fed basic diet), fluoride plus selenium group(drinking fluoride 100 mg/L deionized water, selenium 1 mg/L of deionized water, fed basic diet). The experimental period was 6 months. At 0, 3, 6 months of the experiment, serum fluorine and selenium levels were determined. At the end of the experiment,thoracic aorta was collected to observe its pathology and ultrastructural changes. Results Serum fluoride was significantly higher at the 3rd and the 6th month of experiment(all P ＜ 0.01 ) in fluoride group[ (0.589 ± 0.146),(0.772 ± 0.175)mg/L] and fluoride plus selenium group[ (0.502 ± 0.094), (0.693 ± 0.158)mg/L] than in control group[ (0.174 ± 0.002), (0.208 ± 0.031 )mg/L] and serum fluoride was significantly higher at 6 months than at 3 months(P ＜ 0.05 ) in fluoride group. Serum selenium was significantly higher at the 3rd and the 6th month of experiment (all P ＜ 0.01 ) in selenium group[ (0.252 ± 0.022), (0.319 ± 0.052)mg/L] and fluoride plus selenium group[ (0.239 ±0.016), (0.294 ± 0.018)mg/L] than in control group[(0.135 ± 0.014), (0.167 ± 0.019)mg/L], and serum selenium was significantly higher at the 6th month than at 3rd month of experiment in selenium group(P ＜ 0.05). Endothelial cell apoptosis indices were (4.92 ± 1.32)%, (30.30 ± 6.80)%, (6.57 ± 2.14)% and (14.29 ± 2.99)%, respectively in control group, fluoride group, selenium group and fluoride plus selenium group. Their main effect of fluorine and selenium was statistically significant (F = 106.833,20.082, all P ＜ 0.01 ). There were antagonistic effect between fluoride and selenium(F = 30.402, P ＜ 0.01 ). Pathological changes of rabbit aortic endothelial cells in fluoride group included endothelial with attached fibrin and red blood cells, and structural of the cells changed, with serious vascular injury; in fluoride plus selenium group apoptosis of endothelial cells decreased, with reduced number of attached red blood cells and fibrin, endothelial cell structure normal, the extent and scope of vascular damage significantly reduced. Conclusions Appropriate amount of selenium inhibits the apoptosis of endothelial cells induced by high fluoride, reduces aortic structural damage caused by high fluoride, and maintains the integrity of endothelial cells, thereby antagonizes the vascular damage and atherosclerosis induced by high fluoride.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical value of sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma patients with clinically negative neck (cN0) by methylene blue method, radiolabeled tracer method and combination of these two methods. METHOD: Thirty-three patients with cN0 laryngeal carcinoma and six patients with cN0 hypopharyngeal carcinoma underwent SLN detection using both of methylene blue and radiolabeled tracer method. All these patients were accepted received the injection of radioactive isotope 99 Tc(m)-sulfur colloid (SC) and methylene blue into the carcinoma before surgery, then all these patients underwent intraopertive lymphatic mapping with a handheld gamma-detecting probe and blue-dyed SLN. After the mapping of SLN, selected neck dissections and tumor resections were peformed. The results of SLN detection by radiolabeled tracer, dye and combination of both methods were compared. RESULT: The detection rate of SLN by radiolabeled tracer, methylene blue and combined method were 89.7%, 79.5%, 92.3% respectively. The number of detected SLN was significantly different between radiolabeled tracer method and combined method, and also between methylene blue method and combined method. The detection rate of methylene blue and radiolabeled tracer method were significantly different from combined method (P < 0.05). Nine patients were found to have lymph node metastasis by final pathological examination. The accuracy and negative rate of SLN detection of the combined method were 97.2% and 11.1%. CONCLUSION The combined method using radiolabeled tracer and methylene blue can improve the detection rate and accuracy of sentinel lymph node detection. Furthermore, sentinel lymph node detection can accurately represent the cervical lymph node status in cN0 laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma.
Carcinoma ; pathology ; secondary ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; secondary ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; pathology ; secondary ; Humans ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; Larynx ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Methylene Blue ; Neck Dissection ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ; Staining and Labeling

Objective To evaluate the effective of weight loss on blood glucose,lipid profile,and blood pressure in over-weight or obesity patients combined with impaired glucose tolerance(IGT).Methods Body weight of 91 over-weight or obesity IGT patients were managed by doctors and nurses.Body weight,waist circumference,blood glucose,lipid profile,blood pressure and liver function of the patients were compared at 3 months with baseline.Results After 3 months' intervention,the levels of body weight,waist circumference,fasting plasma glucose,postprandial glucose,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,and glutamie oxalacetie transaminase (COT),instead of triglyeeride and hish-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),were significantly reduced.Over weight or obesity IGT patients saw a 1.8 and 2.3 kg body weight loss,respectively.Decreased plasma glucose and blood pressure were found both in the over-weight group and in the obesity groups,but decreased waist circumference and GOT were found only in the over-weight patients.Conclusions Body-weight control may improve the blood glucose,blood pressure,central obesity,or fatty liver in over weight or obesity IGT patients.For those obesity patients,longer and stronger body weight control should be needed.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical value of ultrasound elastography in assessment of sternocleidomastoid fibrosis in patients after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma . Methods Forty‐five patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy ( study group) and 52 healthy volunteers ( control group ) underwent ultrasound elastography . Bilateral sternocleidomastoid elasticity score , thickness , width , resistance index ( RI ) , and pulsatility index ( PI ) were analyzed and compared . Results The sternocleidomastoid elastography in study group was mainly blue ,and that in control group was mainly green . The difference of sternocleidomastoid elasticity score ,width ,and thickness was significant between study group and control group ( P <0 .05) ,reseparately . There was no significiant difference in the RI ,PI between study group and control group ( P > 0 .05) . Conclusions Ultrasound elastography could be effectively and noninvasively used for evaluating the sternocleidomastoid fibrosis in patients after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma . It has a potential clinical value in the grading and classification of fibrosis .

Objective: To investigate the effect of UGT2B7 A268G and UGT2B7 G211T genetic polymorphism on serum drug concentration of valproic acid (VPA).
Methods:Genetic polymorphisms of UGT2B7 A268G and UGT2B7 G211T were tested in 248 epileptic patients by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Data including basic information, epilepsy type, times and doses of drug, treatment response and liver and kidney functions were collected. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 13.0 through multivariate linear regression, one-way ANOVA,χ2 test, and paired T-test.
Results:Based on multivariate linear regression, there was no significant difference between gender, age, or body mass index and VPA, but concentration-to-dose ratios (CDRs) were positively correlated with VPA. hTe genetic polymorphisms of UGT2B7 A268G and UGT2B7 G211T were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. UGT2B7-268A>G allele frequency distribution A was 30.05%, and G was 69.95%. Variance analysis showed that serum drug concentration was significantly different in the genotype of AA, AG, or GG (F=5.477, P=0.005). Further analysis of paired T test showed that AA type was significantly different from GG type (P=0.048), and that serum concentration of AA type was much higher than that of GG type, while no signiifcant difference between AA type and AG type, GG type and AG type. UGT2B7 G211T allele frequency distribution G was 77.24%, and T was 22.58%. hTere was no signiifcant difference in standardized serum concentration among genotypes of GG, GT, and TT.
Conclusion:hTis study reveals UGT2B7 A268G genetic polymorphism distribution in Chinese epilepsy population. UGT2B7 A268G plays an important role in VPA’s metabolism, and has certain effect on VPA’s serum concentration. Epilepsy patient with this genotype should be adjusted the dose of VPA to make a therapeutic effect.