1.Antimicrobial resistance of Enterobacteriacea and distribution characteris-tics of carbapenemase-resistant strains
Tian ZHENG ; Xiuli XU ; Xiao CHEN
Chinese Journal of Infection Control 2017;16(2):121-125
Objective To understand antimicrobial resistance of Enterobacteriaceae strains and distribution charac-teristics of carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae(CRE)in Xijing Hospital in 2015,so as to provide basis for rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinic. Methods Specimens from infected inpatients and outpatients in Xijing Hospital in January-December 2015 were performed pathogenic culture,isolation and identification. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed with Kirby-Bauer method,carbapenemase confirmatory test was conducted with modified Hodge test,antimicrobial resistance of Enterobacteriaceae was statistically analyzed. Results A total of 4166 pathogenic strains were isolated in 2015,1554 (37.30% )of which were Enterobacteriaceae strains,the top 5 isolated pathogens were Escherichiacoli(E. coli),Klebsiella pneumoniae(K. pneumoniae),Enterobactercloacae (E. cloacae),Proteusmirabilis,and Enterobacteraerogenes. Of 787 E. coli strains,581(73.82% )were extend-ed-spectrumβ-lactamases(ESBLs)-producing strains;of 367 K. pneumoniae strains,182 (49.59% )were ESBLs-producing strains. E. coli and K. pneumoniae had the highest resistance rates to cefazolin,which were 93.14% and 78.48% respectively. A total of 81 (5.21% )CRE were detected,K. pneumoniae,E. cloacae,and E. coli were 41 ,27,and 13 strains respectively;strains were mainly isolated from patients in departments of neurosurgery(n=42),gastroenterology(n= 9),and neurology(n= 8). 1.02% (8/787)of E. coli and 3.27% (12/367)of K. pneu-moniae were multidrug-resistant. Conclusion Enterobacteriaceae accounted for a higher proportion of pathogenic bacteria causing HAI,the detection rate of ESBLs-producing strains remains high,the isolation rate of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae is higher than that of last year,especially K. pneumoniae.
4.Application effect of rapid diagnostic techniques in pulmonary tuberculosis in Shaanxi, 2016-2020
DENG Ya-li ; ZHANG Tian-hua ; ZHENG Xiao
China Tropical Medicine 2023;23(1):49-
Abstract: Objective To analyze the application effect of rapid diagnostic techniques in Shaanxi from 2016 to 2020,and to provide basis for further optimizing the process of tuberculosis detection and formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods A total of 104 437 cases of tuberculosis patients registered in Shaanxi Province from 2016-2020 were exported from the Tuberculosis Information Management System (The subsystem of China Disease Prevention and Control
Information System) according to first management unit, and the laboratory test results of sputum smear, sputum culture and molecular tests were collected to statistically analyzed the positive rate of etiology, sputum smear, sputum culture, molecular
biology testing rate, and indicators of positive testing rate of tuberculosis patients. Results From 2016 to 2020, the etiology�positive rate of tuberculosis in Shaanxi province were 13.49% (2 664/19 754), 22.68% (5 081/22 401), 35.99% (8 232/22 876),
48.14% (10 438 / 21 682), 52.65% (9 332 / 17 724), respectively, with an increasing trend (χ2
trend=9 473.12, P<0.001) year by
year; the proportion of molecular tests positive only in etiology-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) were 0 (0/2 664), 0.16%
(8/5 081), 15.44% (1 271/8 232), 27.58% (2 879/10 438), 31.52% (2 941/9 332), respectively, with an increasing trend year by
year (χ2
trend=2 971.44, P<0.001); the molecular test rates of the 5 years were 0.01% (2 / 19 754), 0.38%(85 / 22 401), 21.11%
(4 828/22 876), 52.42%(11 365/21 682), 55.18%(9 780/17 724), respectively, with an increasing trend year by year (χ2
trend =
28 269.23, P<0.001). The rate of molecular test in sputum smear-negative was 22.72%(17 976 / 79 130). The proportion of
patients with only molecular test-positive was 33.43% (4 032/12 062) in municipal designated hospitals, and 11.99%(2 279/
19 014) in county-level designated hospitals, the difference was statistically significant (χ2
=2 096.46, P<0.001).
Conclusions The rate of molecular biology testing in Shaanxi Province from 2016 to 2020 showed a year-on-year increase.
Through the application of rapid molecular tests, the etiology-positive rates of tuberculosis have been increased significantly,but the current molecular test detection rate is not high compared with other provinces, especially in county-level designated
hospitals and smear-negative patients, so we should make a big promotion in application of rapid molecular technique.
5.Advance in Neurotrophin-3 Repairing Spinal Cord Injury(review)
Yanli DANG ; Juncen LI ; Zheng YANG ; Yun TIAN ; Xiao ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice 2010;16(2):140-142
: The recovery of spinal cord injury(SCI) is a difficult problem in neuroscience research field, one of the reasons is that the ability of injured spinal cord regeneration is limited. Recent years many experiments prove that neurotrophin-3 is very important in SCI regeneration recovery, the gene transplantation is effective. This article makes a summary of SCI treatment research advancement.
6.Melatonin and Spinal Cord Injury(review)
Hongxia DING ; Zheng YANG ; Yun TIAN ; Xiao ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice 2010;16(6):546-548
Clinical studies show that melatonin has a unique biochemical characteristics. This article reviewed the specific role of melatonin in the region, antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, calcium antagonistic effect of melatonin treatment of the aspects of the effectiveness of spinal cord injury, and medication for a brief description.
7.The incidence of heterotopic ossification in cervical artificial disc replacement in Chinese mainland population: A meta-analysis
Wei TIAN ; Yanwei LV ; Yajun LIU ; Xiao HAN ; Bin XIAO ; Kai YAN ; Bolong ZHENG
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics 2013;33(8):785-791
Objective To investigate the incidence of heterotopic ossification in cervical artificial disc replacement in Chinese mainland population by meta-analysis.Methods The related literatures published between 1997 and June 2012 were collected from both English databases,including Pubmed,Ovid,Cochrane library and Embase,and Chinese databases including Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,VIP database and Wanfang database.Literatures were selected in strict accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Studies providing data of prevalence of heterotopic ossification after cervical artificial disc replacement in Chinese mainland population were included.The information of literatures was extracted by excerpts questionnaire,and recorded by two independent researchers.I2 was calculated to test heterogeneity among studies.A random effects model was used if I2 ≥25%.Subgroup analysis was done according to the number of levels of disc replacement,brands of implants and duration of follow-up.Sensitivity analysis was done according to the sample size.The Meta-Analyst software was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of forty studies (1822 cases) were included in this study.The pooled incidence of heterotopic ossification was 7.3% (95%CI:4.7% to 11.0%).For single and mixed level disc replacement,the incidence was 11.6% and 5.8%,respectively.For single and mixed level disc replacement using Bryan disc,the incidence was 13.8% and 5.4%,respectively,and the total incidence was 7.2%.No matter the single or mixed level disc replacement,the incidence of heterotopic ossification increased with follow-up.Conclusion The incidence of heterotopic ossification in cervical artificial disc replacement is high in Chinese mainland population,while it is lower than in foreigners.However,it is necessary to monitor its long-term incidence due to its increase with follow-up.
8.Anti-depressant effect and mechanism of supercritical CO2 extract from Compound Chaigui Fang.
Lei CHEN ; Xiao-Fen ZHENG ; Xiao-Xia GAO ; Yu-Zhi ZHOU ; Xiao-Qing GUO ; Jun-Sheng TIAN ; Xue-Mei QIN
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2014;39(14):2744-2750
The tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST) and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model were used to evaluate the anti-depressant effect of supercritical CO2 extract from Compound Chaigui Fang (FFCGF). A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabonomics combined with multivariate statistical analysis was performed to explore the mechanism of FFCGF. Rats were conducted by CUMS procedure for 28 days and drugs were administrated at the same time. The body weight, sucrose preference, crossings and rearings in open-field tests were evaluated and the urine was collected simultaneously. The metabonomic profiles of rats' urine were analyzed by NMR and potential biomarkers were searched by multivariate statistical analysis. The results showed that administration of FFCGF significantly decreasing the immobility time in FST and TST and improving rats' body weight, sucrose preference, crossings and rearings in CUMS, which were indication that the anti-depressant effect of FFCGF was abvious. Significant differences in the metabolic profile of the CUMS treated group and the control group were observed, which were consistent with the results of behavioral tests. Decreased levels of acetic acid, succinic acid, 2-oxidation glutaric acid and citric acid and increased glycine and pyruvic acid in urine were significantly affected by the CUMS procedure and the 6 biomarkers were reversed evidently after administration of FFCGF. These changes were suggestion that the anti-depressant mechanism of FFCGF was associated with energy metabolism, lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism.
Animals
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Antidepressive Agents
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chemistry
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isolation & purification
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pharmacology
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therapeutic use
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Behavior, Animal
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drug effects
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Body Weight
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Carbon Dioxide
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chemistry
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Depression
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drug therapy
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal
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chemistry
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isolation & purification
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pharmacology
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therapeutic use
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Male
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Mice
9.Comparison of full-field digital mammography system and dual-sided CR mammography system for imaging quality and radiation dose
Yongxia ZHAO ; Jingwen WANG ; Tianle ZHANC ; Xiao TIAN ; Qiuping LI ; Jian SUN ; Yating ZHENG
Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection 2012;(6):660-663
Objective To compare imaging quality and radiation dose on full-field digital mammography (FFDM) system and dual-sided reading CR mammography (DSCRM) system.Methods The TRM of ALVIM statistics phantom was exposed by FFDM system and (DSCRM) with the same radiation dose.The exposure parameters and the entrance surface dose (ESD) were recorded.Then,the phantom was exposed by DSCRM system with different mAs and same kV,and the ESD was recorded.The images obtained above were read by three radiologists on the monitor of diagnosis work station with the same window width and window level.The evaluation of the images were given using a five-level confidence scale.ROC curves were drawn and probability Pdet were calculated.Results The ROC analysis of microcalcifications and masses showed A(z) values of 0.730-0.925 and 0.670-0.945 for FFDM,and 0.632-0.815 and 0.575-0.785 for DSCRM when the radiation dose is 1.36 mGy.The radiation dose with DR system could be reduced compared with dual-sided reading CR system at the same probabilities Pdet,the ESD reduced from 1.63 mGy to 1.36 mGy by 19.8%,the AGD reduced from 0.65 mGy to 0.56 mGy by 16.0%.Conclusions The observable details with FFDM system were proved to be superior to DSCRM system at the same radiation dose.With the similar image quality,the radiation dose of FFDM system was less than the DSCRM system.
10.Establishment and evaluation of a model of acute colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate in C57BL/6 mice
Lihong XU ; Fang XIAO ; Xiaoqin LAN ; Jiayi HE ; Qiang DING ; Dean TIAN ; Yong ZHENG
Journal of Medical Postgraduates 2014;(9):918-922
Objective The expression and impaired function of ion channels might be one of the pathophysiological mecha -nisms responsible for diarrhea in inflammatory bowel disease ( IBD) .Proper animal model is the key to explore detailed pathophysiolog-ical process.The purpose of this study was to build a rat model of acute colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in C57BL/6 mice and evaluate diarrhea-associated clinical , histological , pathological parameters and expressions of ion channel protein . Methods C57BL/6J mice of model group were treated with 4%DSS solution for 7 days to induce acute colitis.Mice body weight, stool moisture, stool consistency and the degree of hematochezia were recorded .The histopathological changes of mice colon specimens were observed visually and microcosmically, and the ion channel SLC26A3 protein was detected by Western Blot . Results All experimental mice survived.In the experiment, compared with control group , bloody diarrhea and weight lose occurred in model group , along with increased stool moisture ([73.30 ±8.31]% after experiment vs [44.32 ±6.42]% before experiment, P=0.004), and rapidly in-creased disease activity index (DAI) of acute colitis ([3.50 ±0.87] after experiment vs [1.0 ±0.00] before experiment, P=0.000).At the end of this experiment , compared with control group , the model group resulted in higher colonic damage score and pathological inflammation score (P=0.00, P=0.002), significantly shortened co-lon (P=0.00) and decreased expression of SLC26A3. Conclusion The intestinal mucosal injury and phenotypic features of 4%DSS-induced acute colitis are very similar to those of human ulcerative colitis .Impaired expression of intestinal ion transporter SLC26 A3 coexists with diarrhea in model group mice , and this model can support the research on mechanism of functional changes of ion channels in inflammatory diarrhea .