Traumatic optic nerve injury ( TON) is caused by direct or indirect optic nerve trauma, which is one of a serious complication of craniocerebral trauma. lts prognosis poor and usually bring permanent vision damage. At present, optic nerve injury and regeneration is hot in neurobiology research. To build an ideal experimental animal model is extremely important in research and development in the treatment of optic nerve injury. ln this article, we review the methods of making rat models of traumatic optic neuropathy, clinical similarities, advantages and disadvantages of among these models, to provide reference for more experimental study.

OBJECTIVETo analyzed the relationship between lumbar endplate Modic area changes rate and low back pain by measuring MRI T2 sagittal image of lumbar endplate Modic area changes rate.

METHODSFrom December 2011 to June 2012,70 patients with low back pain in operation were evaluated on pain by VAS and function by JOA,and examined by MRI including 39 males and 31 females with an average age of (51.00 +/- 11.89) years ranging from 29 to 72 years old. Among them, 54 cases had lumbar endplate Modic changes involving 15 cases in types Modic I ,21 cases in type Modic II, 11 cases in type Modic III ,mixed type Modic in 7 cases (eliminated for too few cases). Modic area changes and corresponding vertebral area were measured on MRI T2 median sagittal. The areas of two ways were compared to yield the rate of changes for Modic, for multisegmental Modic changes to calculate the total ratios. A correlation was observed among JOA, VAS and the rate of Modic changes.

RESULTSThe correlation coefficient of change rate of Modic I with JOA score was r = -0.308, P = 0.048 < 0.05, there was a negative correlation;the correlation coefficient of change rate of Modic I with VAS scores was r = 0.428,P = 0.021 < 0.05, there was a positive correlation. The correlation coefficient of change rate of Modic II with JOA score was r = -0.375, P = 0.043 < 0.05, there was a negative correlation;the correlation coefficient of change rate of Modic II with VAS score was r = 0.352, P = 0.041 < 0.05, there was a positive correlation. The area change rate of Modic III had no significant correlation with low back pain degree (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONModic I and II area changes rate of of patients with low back pain is closely related to the degree of pain low back pain, Modic III area changes rate is not significant correlated to the degree of lower back pain.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography

Objective To investigate the alteration of serotonin-producing gastric enterochromaffin (EC)cell in patients with functional dyspepsia(FD).Methods Fifteen healthy volunteers and 33 patients with FD were enrolled.Proximal gastric mucosal EC cells were countered after immunohisto- chemistry staining.The ultrastructure of EC cell was observed by electromicroscope.Results The EC cells in proximal gastric mucosa in patients with FD were significant higher than that in controls(12.5?2.1 vs 8.3?1.4,t=2.353,P＜0.05),and the staining intensity of EC cell in patients with FD was also stronger than that in controls(3.72?0.42 vs 2.61?0.57,t=2.078,P＜0.05).The more sever the gastric mucosal inflammation was,the more number of EC cells and the stronger staining intensity were.Under the electromicroscopy,more Golgi apparatus,mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum were found in EC cells.Special secreting particles were also found in cytoplasm.Conclusions EC cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of FD.The number of EC cell is related with the severity of gastric mucosal inflammation.

Actins ; metabolism ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Keratin-8 ; metabolism ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vimentin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical efficaly and safety of Tiepi Fengdou Granule (TFG) and Capsule (TFC) combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in treating lung cancer patients with Qi-Yin asthenia syndrome (QYAS).

METHODSEighty patients were randomly assigned into 3 groups: the TFG group (32 cases), the TFC group (32 cases) and the Shengmai Capsule control group (16 cases). Changes of symptoms of QYAS, main symptoms of lung cancer, Karnofsky scoring as well as the blood routine test were observed.

RESULTSThe total effective rate of symptom improving in the TFG group and the TFC group was 81.2% and 93.3% respectively, showing insignificant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05), but both were higher than that in the Shengmai Capsule control group (50.0%, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Additionally, as compared with those before treatment, the neutrophil count increased and the lymphocytes count obviously decreased in the TFC group after treatment (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBoth dose-forms of the remedies, TFC and TFG, have significant effects in treating lung cancer with QYAS, but with insignificant difference between them.

Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Karnofsky Performance Status ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Qi ; Yin Deficiency ; drug therapy

Objective To study the renal damage of patients with juvenile primary Sjgren's syndrome (pSS)and its clinical manifestations,pathologic characteristics with biopsy,treatment and prognosis.Methods Ten patients with juvenile pSS complicated with renal impairments were retrospectively analyzed.Data of these 10 patients were compared with those without renal impairments.Results Ten patients complicated with renal impairments in 24 patients with juvenile pSS,9 of them presented with type I renal tubular acidosis(RTA), 5 with hypokalemia paralysis,3 with calcification of the renal tissue,3 with positive urine protein.1 with dia- betes insipidus.There was no significant difference between patients with renal impairments and those without. Three patients underwent kidney biopsy that showed chronic interstitial nephritis(CIN)with extensive lymp- hoplasmie cell infiltration.Two patients had glomerular lesions and one of them was diagnosed as pSS over- laped with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Steroid and immunosuppressive agents had significantly alle- viated symptoms and the hypergammaglobulinemia was significantly improved.Conclusion Renal impairment may be the major complication in juvenile pSS.The major clinical manifestations are RTA and the glomeruli are involved occasionally.Treatment with steroid anti immunnsuppressive agents should be given to those who have evidence of systemic involvement.

BackgroundDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is the result of the cytokine network disorders,the imbalance of angiogenic factor and vascular inhibitory factor is the start factor.ObjectiveTo analyze the levels of CXC chemotatic factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients,evaluate the clinical application value of them in different clinical types of DR using receiver operating characteristic (ROC)analysis and to approach the new way of individualized treatment.Methods This was a prospective research.The gold standard was ophthalmolscope and fundus fluorescein angiography.The levels of CXC chemotatic factors and multiplicaiton factors were measured in 96 cases with type 2 diabetes mellitus (66 cases with retinopathy and 30 cases without retinopathy as control).The assessment tasks were performed for these index and courses of DR with ROC curve.Results The expression of age,course of disease has significant difference in different courses of DR ( F =8.507,P =0.001 ; F =28.143,P =0.000).Compared with the control group,the expression of growth-related oncogene-α ( GROα ) ( t =- 2.172,P =0.035,AUC =0.625 ),whole blood viscosity 200 ( t =- 3.724,P =0.001,AUC =0.904 ) and neutrophilic leukocyte (t=-2.562,P =0.013,AUC =0.577 ) has significant difference in the group of mild NPDR.Compared with the control group,the expression of interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 ( IP-10 ) ( t =-3.591,P =0.001,AUC =0.592 ),platelet derivation growth factor-BB ( PDGF-BB ) ( t =- 3.233,P =0.003,AUC =0.735 ),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) ( t =- 3.617,P =0.001,AUC =0.776 ),C peptide ( t =- 3.366,P =0.002,AUC =0.962 ),leukocyte ( t=-3.201,P =0.003,AUC =0.852) and neutrophilic leukocyte(t =-4.201,P=0.000,AUC =0.852) has significant difference in the group of moderate and severe NPDR.ConclusionsCXC chemotatic factors may act as reactivator in the pathogenesis of DR,GROα and IP-10 may be useful for clinical monitoring of the severity of DR,and evaluating the imbalance state of chemotatic factors maybe a new approach to clinical monitoring and prognosis of DR.

Objective To analyze the gene expression profiles in relation to the migration ability of adult human bone marrow-derived neural stem cells (Md-NSCs), and identify the genetic basis of the high migration potential of Md-NSCs in the central nervous system (CNS). Methods Adult human bone marrow stromal celIs(BMSCs) obtained from adult healthy volunteers were induced to differentiate into Md-NSCs in vitro, and the expressions of the genes related to cell invasiveness and metastasis were investigated by microarray analysis. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to verify the microarray results. Results The results of microarray analysis revealed significant overexpressions of the genes MMP1, MMP2, MMP17, ITGA3, RhoB, RhoC and RhoD in the Md-NSCs as compared with the expressions in fresh normal human adult bone marrow cells depleted of red blood cells. Quantitative RT-PCR verified the overexpression ofMMP2 gene by 2.84×100 folds, ITGA3 gene by 2.22×102folds, and RhoC gene by 4.92×100 folds. Conclusion The high migration potential of the Md-NSCs in the CNS is probably associated with the overexpression of the genes that promote cell invasiveness and metastasis. These overexpressed genes are also important oncogenes, and therefore the tumorigenicity of the Md-NSCs warrants further investigation.

OBJECTIVETo assess the clinicopathologic characteristics of cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia (CGIN) and to evaluate the usefulness of EnVision immunohistochemistry of various markers in identifying early invasive cervical adenocarcinoma (ICA) and its precursor lesions.

METHODSClinical and pathological characteristics of 80 cases of high grade CGIN (HCGIN), 20 ICA, and 20 cervicitis were reviewed along with immunohistochemical studies of p16, Ki-67, CEA, CA125 and bcl-2.

RESULTSThe clinical features of HCGIN were similar to those of high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Fourty four cases (55.0%) accompanied with CIN and 9 cases (11.3%) accompanied with early cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The positive rates of p16, CEA and Ki-67 in 80 cases of HCGIN were 100.0%, 63.8% and 73.8%, respectively. The positive rates of p16, CEA and Ki-67 in 20 ICA were 18/20, 16/20 and 20/20, respectively. The positive rates of p16, CEA and Ki-67 in 20 cervicitis were 1/20, 1/20 and 3/20, respectively. There was a significantly increased expression of p16, CEA and Ki-67 in ICA and HCGIN compared with cervicitis (P < 0.01). Ki-67 expression increased in ICA compared to HCGIN (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in CEA expression between ICA and HCGIN (P > 0.05). CA125 showed strong but nonspecific expression. Bcl-2 was negative or occasionally positive in each groups.

CONCLUSIONSHCGIN is frequently accompanied with CIN and SCC. The combined staining of p16, CEA and Ki-67 provides additional aid in the diagnosis of early stage cervical adenocarcinoma and its precursor lesions. The sensitivity of p16 and Ki-67 markers for HCGIN is higher than that of CEA. CA125 and bcl-2 immunostains offer no helpful in identifying HCGIN.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Uterine Cervicitis ; metabolism ; pathology

Extracellular recording is a key technology to study many types of brain functions. However the amplitudes of extracellular spikes are typically about 100 muV and should be picked up and amplified specially, then recorded and analyzed online. Most of the equipment for extracellular recording are either very expensive, or too large for recording in the brains of freely moving small animals. In this paper we developed a practical multi-electrode recording system based on virtual testing technology. The system includes microelectrode amplifier, analog input device NI4472 with 24-bit resolution, and data processing software SPKrec. The features of the hardware are low noise, high input impedance, a total gain of 2 000, and large dynamic range. The software developed in LabVIEW is capable of online analysis, data recording, spike detection, fire rate histograms, etc. The system functions have been verified in extracellular recording in the olfactory bulb of Gekko gecko. The result indicates that the system with performance comparable to that of commercial products meets the requirements of recording experiments.
Animals ; Brain ; physiology ; Lizards ; physiology ; Microelectrodes ; Olfactory Bulb ; physiology