Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Objective: To investigate the effects of acupuncture and combined acupuncture and medicine on the quality of life and the genital endocrine level in postmenopausal women. Methods:Forty-seven patients were randomly assigned to acupuncture and acupuncture plus medicine groups,23 cases in the acupuncture group and 24 cases in the acupuncture plus medicine group. The observed course of treatment was 3 months. A Chinese concise SF-36 questionnaire was used to evaluate the quality of life in the different groups of patients before and after treatment.Meanwhile, radioimmunoassay was used to observe the differences in serum genital hormones:follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol (E2) contents between pretreatment and posttreatment in both groups. Results: After treatment, there was a significant difference in quality of life between the two groups and it was better in the acupuncture plus medicine group than in the acupuncture group(P＜ 0.01). E2 content increased more markedly in the acupuncture plus medicine group than in the acupuncture group(P＜ 0.05). There were no significant differences in FSH and LH contents between the two groups (P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusion: Both acupuncture and acupuncture plus medicine can improve the quality of life and increase obviously low E2 content in postmenopausal women. Acupuncture plus medicine raises the patients' quality of life and E2 content more markedly than acupuncture. It is suggested that both acupuncture and acupuncture plus medicine can improve the symptoms, signs, and physical and mental health, raise the quality of life and ameliorate genital-endocrine environment in postmenopausal women, but a combination of acupuncture and medicine has a better effect.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the possibility of HBV contaminating environment and transmission through the polluted surroundings. METHODS On the basis of that ascertain the contaminated environment by HBV marker(HBVM) and the relationship between HBVM and HBV infectivity in the blood,to discuss the probability of HBV contaminating and be spreading through the circumstance. RESULTS The positive rate of HBsAg and HBeAg was 26.39% and 11.11%,respectively in these specimens.While all of samples in control group were negative.The HBV DNA positive rate was 73.72% and 100.00%,respectively in the positive blood specimens of HBsAg and HBeAg.The infectivity was 0-10~9 and 10~2-10~9 ID/ml,respectively. CONCLUSIONS The blood worktable surface is contaminated by HBVM.The pollution is from patients′ blood.So the probability exists that HBV is transmitted through environment pollution.

Using the high efficient copper-adsorbing yeast strain Y17 as absorbing material, the major affect factors including pH, original concentration of Cu2+, cell biomass, adsorption time and temperature were examined, and then the absorbing sites of the Y17 was determined. The results showed that the solution pH was the most dominate factor which affected the biosorption of Cu2+, the other affecting factors were the ini- tial concentration of Cu2+, the cell biomass added, and adsorption time, respectively; the temperature had lit- tle effect on the rate of biosorption. The orthogonal experiment showed that the optimal absorption condition was as follow: the solution pH was 5.0, the absorption time was 40 min, the cell biomass of Y17 added was 5.0 g/L, and the concentration of Cu2+ was 8 mmol/L; the highest adsorbing rate was up to 82.7% at this condition. Based on the results of different pretreatments and the desorption of Cu2+, the cell wall of Y17 was identified as the main place occurring boisorption process, and the -NH2 group, -COOH group on the surface of the yeast cells played an important role on the boisorption process.

Background Though nitric oxide (NO) and NO synthase (NOS) have a critical role in angiogenesis,their effects on corneal neovascularization (CNV) and mechanism need to be further explored.Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effects of NOS and its antagonist,Nw-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on experimental CNV in mice,and investigate the influence of NOS and L-NAME on the tube formation of human retinal endothelial cells (RECs) in vitro.Methods The CNV models were established in the left eyes of 36 male BALB/c mice aged 7-8 weeks by application of the filter paper with NaOH in the center of corneas.The mice were randomized into two groups.L-NAME of 10 g/L (0.5 ml) was intraperitoneally injected 1 week before induction of CNV three times a week for three weeks in the mice of the L-NAME injection,and PBS was used in the same way in the control group.CNV was examined under the slit lamp biomicroscope 2,4,7,14 days after NaOH burn.The expression of CD31 in the CNV was assayed to calculate the ratio of CNV area and total corneal area using whole mount technique.The expression of NOS mRNA in the corneal tissue was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR),and VEGF expression in the human RECs was assayed by Western blot.The vessel formation number of cultured human RECs with or without L-NAME was performed by matrigel in vitro.Grouped t test was used to compare the differences of the parameters between the two groups.Results CNV developed and peaked 2 weeks after the application of NaOH on the mice corneas,and the CNV was obviously less in the L-NAME group compared with the control group.The expression of NOS mRNA in the corneas (NOS mRNA/ GAPDH mRNA)was significantly lower in the L-NAME group than that of the control group 2,4,7 days after CNV induction (t =19.481,t=22.059,t=10.961,all at P＜0.01).The ratio of the CD31 positive area in whole corneal area was 0.59± 0.01 in the L-NAME group,and that of the control group was 0.78±0.10,showing a significant difference between the two groups (t =3.078,P＜0.05).Western blot assay showed that the relative expression of VEGF protein in human RECs was declined in the L-NAME group compared with the control group 0,2,4,7 days,with statistically significant differences in 4 days and 7 days after NaOH burn(t=7.696,t=17.953,both at P＜0.01).The number of vessel network was 46.33±1.86 in the L-NAME group and 64.00±4.51 in the control group,with a significant difference between them (t =3.623,P＜0.05).Conclusions NOS participated in the pathogenesis and aggravation of CNV induced by NaOH.L-NAME arrests CNV formation and human RECs tube formation through down regulating the VEGF expression and NOS activity.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of video-electroencephalogram(VEEG) in the diagnosis of paroxysmal events in children.Methods The VEEG and routine electroencephalogram(EEG) were used to inspect 262 cases of seizures respectively collected of outpatient clinic and admission department from Apr.2006 to Dec.2007,and VEEG monitoring results were analyzed and compared with primary diagnoses retrospectively.According to the characteristics of EEG and clinical observation to decide whether it be epilepsy or not and compare the difference between the results of EEG and VEEG to evaluate the application value of the 2 examination methods in children with NES.SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results Of all 262 cases,113 cases of clinical outbreak were recorded,meanwhile the diagnose of 4 patients of epileptic seizures(ES) group were changed to non-epileptic seizures(NES) and 3 patients of NES were rediagnosed to ES,69 cases couldn′t be confirmed according to VEEG or EEG and there was no outbreak recorded in the other 149 cases.In the period onset,79 children′s characteristics of EEG were captured which included 76 children in ES group,and 3 children in NES group.Thirty-six children′s characteristics of EEG were not captured which included 4 children in ES group and 30 children in NES group.The differences of the ratio of total detect and abnormity between EEG and VEEG were significant,improving the diagniosis rate and the control rate of symptom.VEEG had a clinical significance in differential diagnosis of ES and NES.Conclusions Compared with EEG,VEEG will be more helpful in diagnosing and differentiating seizures diseases,improving the diagnosis rate and the control rate of symptom.VEEG has a clinical in diffe-rential diagnosis for ES and NES.

Objective To investigate the effects of iodine excess on mitochondrial superoxide production and mitoehondrial membrane potential(△ψ)changes in Fisher rat thyroid cell line(FRTL)cells.Methods FRTL cells were treated with 10-4mol/L potassium iodine(KI),10 U/L thyrotropin(TSH),10-4 mol/L KI+10 U/L TSH respectively for 24 h.Effects on cell proliferation were assayed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)colorimetric method.Changes of mitochondrial superoxide production and △ψ were measured by live cell imaging and spectrofluorometer using MitoSOX and rhodamine 123(rh123)respectively.Results Absorbance(A)in the KI group (0.794±0.144)showed a significant decline compared to the control group(1.000 ±0.183,P<0.05),whereas a significant elevation was observed in the TSH group(1.215±0.156,P<0.05).No significant differences was found between the KI+TSH group(1.025±0.254)and the control group(P>0.05),but the former was marked higher than the KI group(P<0.05).Compared to the control group(9.74±3.24).MitoSOX mean fluorescence intensity (MFI)in the KI and KI+TSH groups(18.16±6.57,13.33±2.92)were significantly increased(all P<0.05),which was a significant decline in the TSH group(6.64±2.15,P<0.05).MitoSOX MFI in the KI+TSH group was lower than the KI group(P<0.05).Rh123 MFI in the KI and KI+TSH groups(210 593±31 328,295 525±34 243)showed significant decline than the control group(407 824±37 198,all P<0.05).Compared with the KI group.the KI+TSH group pronouncedly attenuated the reduction of Rh 123 MFI(P<0.05).No significant differences of Rh 123 MFI were found between the TSH group(411 187 ± 72 852) and the control group(P > 0.05). Conclusion Iodine excess (10-4 mol/L KI) may lead to peroxide damage on the mitochondria of FRTL cells, and cell proliferation is inhibited. Combining treatment with 10 U/L TSH may attenuate mitochondrial peroxide damage and inhibition of cell proliferation caused by iodine excess.

Background Studieshowed thaDelta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) participatein the deveopmenof retinal celland angiogenesis.The Dll4-Notch pathway and vasculaendothelial growth facto(VEGF) are thoughto be critical mediatorof neovascularization undehypoxiconditions.The relationship between Dll4 and VEGF inovery cleaand furtheresearch ineeded.Objective Thistudy wato observe the inhibition of Dll4 on experimental retinal neovascularization and VEGF expression.MethodThe retinal neovascularization animal model wainduced by oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) in 5-day-old SPF SD ratby rearing the new postnatal ratwith the motherattogethein closed box with oxygen level a(80±2) ％ till 12-day-old.The ratwere then raised in normal aifo5 days.Aftethat,2.5μl (0.5 μg) of Dll4 monoclonal antibody wainjected into the mid-vitreoucavity in the righeye(Dll4 injected group) and PBwaused in the same way in the fellow eye(PBcontrol group) in the 12-day-old rats.Retinawere isolated in the 17-day-old rats,and retinal vasculamorphology waexamined by adenosine diphosphatease (ADPase) staining of retinal flatmounts,and the endotheliocyte nuclei above the internal limiting membrane were counted in the retinal tissue-slices.Reverse transcription PC(RT-PCR) waused to detecthe mRNexpression level of Dll4,VEGF,VEGF receptor-1 (VEGFR-1),VEGFR-2 and neuropilin-1 mRNin the retinas.Statistical analysiwaperformed by the paired t-test.The care and use of the animalcomplied with the Guidance Suggestion issued by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Chinin 2006.ResultThe Dll4 mRNexpression in the retin(Dll4 mRNA/β-actin mRNA) wa0.22± 0.06 and 0.98 ± 0.13 in the Dll4 injected group and the PBcontrol group,respectively,with statistically significandifference (=21.839,P =0.000).No significandifferencewere found in the expression of the VEGF mRNA,VEGFR-1 mRNand VEGFR-2 mRNin the retinabetween the two group(t=0.463,P=0.649;=1.687,P=0.109;=-1.674,P=0.111).Compared with the PBcontrol group,the expression of neuropilin-1 mRNwasignificantly elevated in the Dll4-injected group (0.73±0.08 vs.0.64±0.07) (t=-2.677,P=0.015).ADPase staining showed thathere were much more new blood vesselin the Dll4 injected group than those of the PBcontrol group.The numbeof nuclei structurally adjacento the vitreal side of the internal limiting membrane wa(63.6± 11.6)/slide in the Dll4 injected group,which wamore than thaof the PBcontrol group a(35.1±5.2)/slide (=-7.879,P =0.000).ConclusionDll4 playan essential role in the procesof pathological angiogenesiin the retina.Dll4 ithoughto be feedback regulatoof VEGFR,which participatein the procesof restraining pathological vasculogenesis.

Objective To investigate the role of basophils in the imbalance of Th 1/Th2 response in mouse models of collagen-induced arthritis(CIA).Methods 4-6-weeks old C57/BL6 mice were immunized with collagen at multiple points on the back and foot twice (0 and 3 weeks) to establish a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis.Blood samples were collected before the first immunization and 1, 3, 6 and 9 weeks after immunization , and cells from lymph nodes were collected.Flow cytometry and ELISA were employed to detect the levels of basophils and IL-4, and the joint swelling was scored.Results Mouse model of CIA was successful established .The ratio of IL-4/IFN-γof the CIA group was significantly lower than that in the mice before CIA modeling and the control group , indicating a Th2-dominant response .At the same time, the peripheral basophils counting and percentage of IL-4 positive basophils of the CIA group were significantly higher than those of the control group .While, the IL-4/IFN-γratio of the CIA group was significantly higher than that of the control group , indicating a Th1-dominant response .The peripheral basophils counting of the CIA group was slightly lower than that of the control group .Conclusion Basophils may participate in the development of CIA in mouse models through affecting the imbalance of Th 1/Th2 response.

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of multicriteria optimization (MCO) in planning of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).Methods Twenty IMRT patients (ten with prostate and ten with lung cancers) were randomly selected.For these patients,the treatment plans were designed with direct machine parameter optimization (DMPO).Based on these plans,new plans were designed with MCO,while keeping the setting conditions unchanged.Comparison was made between the two plans including the dose distribution,the dose volume histogram,the time of optimization and number of monitor unit (MU),but were play by pairing-t test.Results The plan designed in both optimizations satisfied all clinical requirements.For the same or better target coverage,rectum,bladder and small bowel were better with MCO compared with DMPO,MCO reduced 58％ of the time for optimization by average while MU increased 32％ by average for prostate cancer.For lung cancer,the whole lung,heart and spinal cord were better with MCO compared with DMPO,MCO reduced 59％ of the time for optimization by average while MU increased 11％ by average.Conclusions In comparison with DMPO,MCO reduces the dose of organs at risk,shorten the time of optimization.