This paper introduces the current status and development trend of the field medical equipment from such aspects as individual soldier,series of medical cases for fighting position,and mobile equipment for medical instrument and apparatus. The analysis shows that although the individual equipment is not advanced,and even backward,the integral efficiency is relatively high.

Objective To investigate the teaching effectiveness of preventive medicine and ask the students for feedback on the curriculum in order to reform the teaching methods.Methods Questionnaire survey.Sampling survey.Results 89.2％ of students have realized the importance of preventive medicine.Respectively 16.4％ and 7.5％ of students have no interesting on the curriculum due to teachers'matter and students' idea that the course is uselessness for their major and future career.75.1％ of students are interest in Nutrition and Food Hygiene,35.2％ of students dislike Medical Statistics,and 45.3％ of students think the most tough part is Medical Statistics.78.9％ of students wish to have more practice lessons.30.5％ of students do not ask teachers questions because of no communication with teachers after class.Conclusions Preventive Medicine is still ignored by a few students.The more tough the content is,the less interest the students have. Repeatedly emphasizing the importance of Preventive Medicine in medical education,adopting and combining with the community practical cases in class lectures and frequently communicating between teachers and students after class are suggested.

Objective To compare the short-term and long-term efficacy of chemotherapy with biotherapy and same chemotherapy followed by biotherapy on malignant melanoma in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ.Methods 82 cases with malignant melanoma were treated with chemotherapy(dacarbazing,cis-platin and carmustine)or biotherapy(interleukin-2,interferon ? and dendritic cell vaccine)or biochemotherapy(chemotherapy plus biotherapy).Among them,32 cases were received biochemotherapy,26 for biotherapy and 24 for chemotherapy.Therapentic response was assessed every 3 cycles.The median time of follow up was 2 years(1-4 years).Results Response rate was 71.9% for biochemotherapy,46.2% for biotherapy and 54.2% for chemotherapy(P

Background There are two types of different questionnaires in dry eye diagnosis.But the associations about two questionnaires or questionnaire and clinical examination are still unclear.To effectively quantize the symptoms is helpful for a correct diagnosis of dry eye disease.Objective This survey was to evaluate the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) and Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI) questionnaire for the diagnosis of dry eye and investigate the correlation between the clinical examinations and questionnaires. Methods A perspective cohort study was designed.Sixty-six patients were enrolled in this study.This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of Peking University First Hospital,and written informed consent was obtained from each subject before any ocular examination.SPEED-based and OSDI-based questionnaires were used to score the dry eye symptom and grouped according to severity of complains.Corneal fluorescence staining,tear film breakup time(BUT),Schirmer I test and tear film interferometry were performed in all patients.The correlations between two questionnaires scores and their association with clinical examinations were evaluated.Results The negative correlations were found between the SPEED-based score or OSDI-based score with BUT value(r=0.390,P=0.001 ;r=-0.395,P=0.001 ),but no significant correlations were seen between the SPEED-based score or OSDI-based score with Schirmer test( r=-0.081,P=0.515; r=-0.080,P=0.525)and tear film interferometry score(r=0.158,P=0.204;r=0.219,P=0.077).The BUT was significantly prolonged in mild symptom group compared with serious group(t=2.339,P=0.022),but no significant difference was seen in Schirmer Ⅰ test and tear film interferometry scores using SPEED-based questionnaire ( t =0.404,P =0.687 ; t =- 0.947,P =0.347 ) ; while the positive fluorescence staining rate between two groups was significantly different (x2 =0.164,P =0.685 ).When using OSDI-based questionnaire,significant difference in BUT was seen among mild,moderate and serious symptom groups ( F =11.871,P =0.000 ),and BUT in mild symptom group was delayed in comparison with moderat and serious groups( P=0.000,0.000).No significant differences were found in Schirmer Ⅰ test,tear film interferometry scores and fluorescence staining rate among three groups(F=1.432,P =0.246; F =2.799,P =0.068; x2 =6.026,P =0.050).SPEED score showed a positive correlation with OSDI score ( r =0.697,P =0.000 ). Conclusions Both OSDI and SPEED are effective tools for the evaluation of symptoms of dry eye.The two types of questionnaires are consistent in symptoms evaluation.

Astrocytoma ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; surgery ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Prognosis

Biomarkers ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Critical Illness ; Early Diagnosis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; blood ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Peptides ; blood ; Severity of Illness Index ; Trefoil Factor-2

China ; epidemiology ; Enterovirus A, Human ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Enterovirus Infections ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans

Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; ultrastructure ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Ependymoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Hemangioblastoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; ultrastructure ; Humans ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Meningioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prognosis ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; von Hippel-Lindau Disease ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To investigate alterations in epigenetic regulation in B cells in subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE).Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from the peripheral venous blood of SCLE patients and healthy donors with density gradient centrifugation.B cells were isolated with CD19 micro beads and protocols provided by the manufacturer.Total RNAs were isolated with RNA kits.The expressions of silence information regulator 1 (Sirt1) mRNA were investigated with quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results The levels of Sirt1 mRNA were significantly increased in SCLE B cells relative to healthy controls (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Histone modifications appear abnormal in B cells in SCLE.

Objective To explore the expression of aquaporin (AQP)-4 in white matter of spinal cord after spinal cord contusion (SCC). Methods 88 adult Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned randomly to sham operation group and SCC group. The model was established by Al-len's method. BBB sore was used to assess the motor function of rats. The relative expression of AQP-4 mRNA was determined by Q-PCR technique. The localization of AQP-4 was observed by immunohistochemistry. Results BBB score showed motor dysfunction in SCC group, and it increased 7 and 14 days after SCC (t>5.061, P<0.001). The level of AQP-4 mRNA decreased on the 1st and 3rd days (t>50.44, P<0.001), and increased on the 5th day (t=-3.968, P=0.001), and lasted until the 28th day (t=-4.227, P=0.001) compared with that on the 3rd day. The immunohistochemistry showed AQP-4 was located on the process of glial cell and vascular endothelial cells in white matter of spi-nal cord. Conclusion AQP-4 may play various roles at different stages in SCC.