BACKGROUND:Reaction velocity for brain imagination is a major criterion in measuring quality of brain computer interface (BCI)system.Therefore,electroencephalogram (EGG) analysis,especially the feature extraction screening,is very important.Reduction the number of features is an important way to improve the speed.OBJECTIVE:To screen EGG features using reduction algorithm,and to decrease the number of EGG features.METHODS:Firstly,by various analytical methods,the EGG features were extracted and classified;then,discreting the continuous EGG to establish an EGG information table;At last,reduction theory was used to reduce EGG features,and to sort the data according to reduced attributes,the accuracy of sorting was validated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Using reduction algorithm and feature marking,discreting the continuous EGG to establish an EGG information table,and then choose the features from the discrete data.The results show that classification accuracy has not been reduced but the number of features was reduced.However,this method can be used marking features in two sorts,how to marking features of multi-sorts and to perform data reduction is a key point in further study.

Diabetes mellitus has become one of the diseases which threaten the heath of human being in the 21st century.A goal of research in diabetes is to find a way to increase the number of functional insulin-producing cells. Islet transplantation has been considered to be the most effective approach to cure type Ⅰ and part of type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus.This approach, however, is severely limited by an inadequate supply of donor islets available for transplantation.Moreover, recent progress of stem cells research has shown that stem cells may act as a new source of islet transplantation in diabetes mellitus treatment. Recent evidence indicates that Glucagon-Like PeptideⅠ(GLP-1) plays a very important role in targeted differentiation of stem cells into Insulin-Producing Cells and pancreatic development. GLP-1 is an intestine-derived insulinotropic hormone that stimulates glucose dependent insulin production and secretion. GLP-1 can induce differentiation of stem cells into insulin-producing cells, which is achieved by up regulation of PDX-1 expression.PDX-1 is a transcription factor critical for pancreatic development and endocrine cell neogenesis and a marker for pancreatic stem cells. These new findings suggest an approach to create Insulin-Producing cells in vitro by expanding stem/progenitor cells and then to convert them into Insulin-Producing cells by treatment with GLP-1. Thus GLP-1 may be a means by which to create Insulin-Producing cells ex vivo for transplantation into patients with insulinopenic type Ⅰ diabetes and severe forms of type Ⅱ diabetes. This article reviews recent progress about GLP-1 and targeted differentiation of stem cells induced by GLP-1.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of endothelial cell damage under insulin resistance state induced by high fat-feeding by observations of the effects of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine(NAC) on the blood glucose,lipids,the histological parameters of aorta,and the expression of intercellular adhesion molecules-1(ICAM-1),monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) and NF-?B/I?B? in aortic intima.Methods Forty-five Wistar male rats aged 5 to 6 weeks were randomly divided into 3 groups:control,high fat-feeding(HF) and HF plus NAC treatment(HF+NAC).Blood glucose,insulin,lipids,body weight,visceral fat content,histological change of aorta and the expression levels of ICAM-1,MCP-1 and NF-?B/I?B? were determined after the rats were fed for 11 weeks. Results(1)The body weight,ratio of visceral fat content over body weight,blood glucose,insulin,triglyceride,total cholesterol,LDL-C,and total FFA were significantly increased in HF group after 11 weeks feeding compared with control or HF+NAC(all P

Objective To evaluate the utility of three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography(3D-DSA) in the diagnosis of cerebral vascular diseases.Methods Seventy-one patients suspected and diagnosed with cerebral vascular diseases underwent conventional DSA and 3D-DSA. Three-dimensional (3-D) reconstructed images were obtained at a separate advantage 4.0 workstation after the rotational images were transferred. The available visualization techniques included maximum intensity projection (MIP), shaded surface display (SSD), and virtual angioscopy (VA). Results Sixty-four aneurysms were found in 44 cases. Nineteen cases were diagnosed as cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and 8 cases of cerebral ischemia were due to cerebral vascular stenosis (internal carotid artery in 6 cases and occlusion of anterior cerebral artery in 2 cases).Conclusions 3D-DSA is reliable, fast and safe for diagnosis of cerebral vascular diseases, especially involving intracanal areurysms AVM and vascular stenosis.

Objective To establish alcoholic liver disease (ALD) model of rats. Method Rats were given wine by ig for 13 weeks. ALD were assessed by the level of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT), glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (AST), malonaldehyde (MDA) and pathological changes of liver. Result Over-dose wine can increase the level of serum ALT, AST, and MDA, decrease the level of serum albumin (ALB), and induce hepatic steatosis. Conclusion Alcoholic liver disease model of rats can be established by long-time and over-dose wine. The model can be applied in the research of ALD.

Objectives To study the characteristics of VEGFR-3, podoplanin or CD34 positive vessels in colorectal cancer (CRC) and their correlation with metastasis. Methods The characteristics of VEGFR-3, podoplanin or CD34 positive vessels in 96 cases with CRC and normal mucosa were evaluated by single-labeling or double-labeling immunohistochemistry with anti-human VEGFR-3, podoplanin or CD34 antibody respectively, and their relationship with metastasis of the cancer was analyzed. Results The density of VEGFR-3, podoplanin or CD34 positive vessels at the peripheral region of CRC was significantly higher than that of other regions of CRC or that in normal mucosa (P

Diet ; Eating ; Genetic Therapy ; Hemofiltration ; Humans ; Metabolism, Inborn Errors ; genetics ; therapy ; Transplantation

ObjectiveA HPLC-FLD method was developed to determine the levels of serum AAA in CRIpatients, and to studythe variationof serum AAAinCRI patientsanditsclinical significances. MethodsSerumsampleswerecollected from100healthcontrolsand 80CRI patients. According to 2002 National Kidney Foundation (NKF) staging diagnosis, CRI patients included 4 of stage 2, 12 of stage 3, 12 of stage 4, 52 of stage 5. According to pathogenesis, CRI patients were also divided into 3 groups :chronic nephritis group ( n = 32), DM group ( n = 36), hypertension group ( n = 12 ).Serums were deproteinized by equal volume of 5％ (v/v) PCA and supernate were analyzed direcdy. External standard method was used as quantitative method. The analytical column was Megres C18. 10％ acetonitrile in water was used as mobile phase. Flow rote was 1.0 ml/min. The wavelengths of fluorescence excitation and emission were changed with specific time. The levels of Tyr, Phe and Trp in CRI groups, different CKD stages and different pathogenesis were compared with healthy control groups to evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of serum AAA for CRI diagnosis. ResultsThe linear ranges of the method were 0. 550 -275.000, 3. 050 - 1220. 000 and 0. 049 -49. 000 pμmol/L for Tyr, Phe and Trp, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.014 μmol/L for Tyr, 0.500μmol/L for Phe, and 0.005 μmol/L for Trp. The average recovery was 100. 9％, 101.3％ and 98. 5％ for Tyr, Phe and Trp, respectively. Intra-day CVwas 3. 18％ -4. 20％ ( mean was 3. 13％ )and inter-day CV was 3. 18％ -4. 20％ ( mean was 3. 58％ ). The concentration of serum AAA, Tyr and Trp and the ratio of Tyr/Phe in CRI patients were( 135.74 ±23.23 )μmol/L, (52.27 +8.25) μmol/L, (21.49 ±4.25) μmol/L and[0.87(0.68 - 1.05)]μmol/L. which were lower than that in healthy groups (t value was -14. 709, 4.452, 22. 100, U value was 266.000,respectively, P＜0. 05). The concentration of serum AAA, Tyr and Trp and the ratio of Tyr/Phe in healthy groups were ( 174. 47 ± 11.57 ) μmol/L, ( 63.53 ± 4. 68 ) μmol/L, (44. 22 ± 3. 67 ) μmol/L and[0. 97(0. 94 - 1.00)]μmoL/L. There were no statistically significant difference between the different stage of CRI. Compared with the concentration of Tyr, Phe and Trp among chronic nephritis group, DM group,hypertension group, the concentration of Tyr had no significant changes among these three kinds of diseases (P ＞ 0. 05 ). The concentration of Phe had significant changes between Chronic nephritis group and DM group, Chronic nephritis group and hypertension group ( U = 395.00, 114. 00, P ＜ 0. 05 ) ; the concentration of Trp haad significant changes between Chronic nephritis group and DM group ( U = 349.00, P ＜ 0. 05 ).The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of serum AAA for CRI were 90％ (72/80) and 100. 0％ (100/100).ConclusionsThe method of high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection ( HPLC-FLD) is simple, rapid, sensitive and specific. Simultaneous determination of serum AAA was benefit to the diagnosis and evaluation of CRI patients.

Background Corneal contact lens have been widely used in vitrectomy.The corneal ring accompanying with the contact lens therefore is also much concerned.We designed a sutureless silicone corneal ring to renew a suturing?ring,but its detection of physicochemical properties and hiocompatihility is necessary for clinical application. Objective This study was to investigate the physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of the newly designed sutureless silicone corneal ring. Methods The Shore hardness,tensile stress-strain tests,tear strength,transmittance and the haze of the novel silicone ring were tested.The bioeompatibility of sutureless silicone corneal ring to corneal epithelial cells was evaluated by determining cytotoxieity.The ring was implanted into the counjunctival soc of 6 Japanese white rabbits for 4 hours to determine its stimulation response by measuring the area of corneal fluorescence staining,and then the ring was placed on the skin surface of 6 SD rats for 4 hours to assess the presence of allergic reaction by calculating the swelling area of skin. Results The new sutureless silicone corneal ring showed good physiological features with a Shore hardness of 63.4 degree,tensile strength more than 5.86 MPa,elongation＞100%and tear strength 34 kN/m.The transmittance of 3 legs in the ring was more than 93%;however,the haze was less than 0.1%.Cytotoxicity of the ring was 3.1 1×10-6%.No obvious corneal fluorescence staining was seen at any time point in all the rabbit eyes in the stimulating test.Furthermore,there was not any skin swelling in various time points in all the SD rats in the allergy test. Conclusion The physicochemical properties of the silastic used in our newly designed sutureless silicone cornea ring can meet the demands of the ring.The biological evaluation complies with the ISO i0993-1 international standards and meets the demands of the organism.Thus,it is all ideal material to use in constructing the corneal ring.

Objective To observe the influence of weight - lost therapy on obese children with impaired glucose tolerance( IGT), insulin resistance. Methods Fasting,post- prandail 2 hours blood glucose and insulin were measured in 14 obese children (age 8 - 15 years) with IGT before and after two - month weight - lost iherapy. Glucose were measured with enzymeoxidize assay, and insulin were measured with radio-immunity assay(RIA). Results Among 14 obese children with IGT, after two-month weight - lost the-rapy, there were 9 children becoming normal OGTT. There were significantly lower in the concentration of fasting insulin and post - prandail 2 hours blood insulin and glucose[(14.23?2.35) mIU/L,(47.20?10.26) mIU/L,(5.36?0.91) mmol/L] than before weight -lost therapy[ (32.54?7. 13) mIU/L,( 164.53?33.60) mIU/L, (8.75?1.09) mmol/L](P