Objective To study the chemical constituents of Aeschynomene indica.Methods The constituents were isolated and purified by means of silica gel column chromatography and recrytallization,and the structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectral analyses.Results Twelve compounds were obtained and elucidated as stigmasterol tritriacontanate (1),monotetracontane (2),taraxerol (3),stigmasterol (4),stearic acid (5),heptatriacontanoic acid (6),arachidic acid (7),ursolic acid acetate (8),quercetin (9),myricetin (10),myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside (11),and rutoside (12).Conclusion All the compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time and compound 1 is a new one.

To study the mechanisms of total flavonoid from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (TFGR) and its ingredient isoliquiritigenin (ISL) on their regulation of M2 phenotype polarization of macrophages. IL-4 (60 μg x L(-1)) induced RAW264.7 cells for 6 h to establish the M2 macrophage model. TFGR and ISL restrained breast cancer cells migration with the aid of M2 macrophages in vitro. TFGR and ISL inhibited gene and protein expression of Arg-1, up-regulated gene of HO-1 and protein expression of iNOS, enhanced the expression of microRNA 155 and its target gene SHIP1, meanwhile down-regulated.the phosphorylation of STAT3 and STAT6. So TFGR and ISL were the bioactive fraction and ingredient in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma to reverse M2 phenotype macrophages polarization. TFGR and ISL inhibited the promotion of M2 macrophages to breast cancer cells migration in vitro, STAT signal pathways and miR155 were partly involved.
Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Polarity ; drug effects ; Chalcones ; pharmacology ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; Interleukin-4 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Macrophages ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Rhizome ; chemistry

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of the free fibula flap transplantation in repair of the defect of tibia and soft tissue with the help of augmented reality (AR) technology.Methods:From May, 2017 to May, 2019, 9 patients with tibial and soft tissue defects were treated. Before operation, CTA scan was performed on both shanks to obtain DICOM data of tibial bone defect. Images of the designed fibular flap and its blood supply model were imported into Sina software through computer virtual surgery assistant technology. With the AR technology, information of virtual fibula flap were projected onto the body surface at the donor site, and the operation was carried out under the precise positioning. In this group, the free fibular flap was harvested with an area of 6.0 cm×4.0 cm-12.0 cm×6.0 cm and the length of fibula was 6.0-13.5 cm. The free fibula flap were used to repair the tibial defect with 5.0-12.0 cm in length and soft tissue defect area at 5.0 cm×3.0 cm-10.0 cm×4.5 cm. Patients were followed-up to observe the survival of fibular flap and the functional recovery of the repaired lower limb, and evaluate the clinical effect.Results:All the fibular flaps survived without vascular crisis and without serious complications occurred at both of donor and recipient sites. After 8-12 months of follow-up, the flap was soft in texture and good in blood supply. The appearance of the repair site was not bloated. Callus began to form at the junction of fibula and tibia at 3-5 months and healed well in 8-12 months. No bone resorption, nonunion, loosening or falling off of screws were found. There was no pain in the shank of the recipient area. Patients could stand and walk freely, and the weight-bearing function was close to normal. According to Enneking system, the average score was 27 points; 7 cases were excellent and 2 cases were good.Conclusion:Application of AR technology in the repair of tibial bone defect with fibular flap transplantation has good clinical effect and has certain practical value.

Objective To analyze the therapeutic efficacy and treatment related toxicities for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) combined with concurrent chemotherapy. Methods From January 2007 to February 2008, 181 patients with stage ⅡA-ⅣA cervical cancer were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated with CT-based three-dimensional external beam and 192Ir intracavity radiotherapy combined with concurrent weekly cisplatin-based chemotherapy. The median age was 50 years (range, 32 to 82 years). The overall survival ( OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and local control (LC) rates were calcalated by Kaplan-Meier method and the difference was compared using Log-rank test. The treatment related toxicities were evaluated according to Radiotherapy Oncology Group (RTOG) criteria. Results With a median follow-up time of 34 months and following rate of 92. 2%, the 3-year OS, DFS and LC rates were 73.4%, 70. 4% and 91.3%,respectively. The 3-year OS rate was 66. 9% for patients with tumor diameter ≥4 cm and 86. 4% for those with tumor diameter ＜4 cm( χ2 =6. 29 ,P =0. 012). The incidences of grade 1 and grade 2 acute toxicities of the lower gastrointestinal tract and the genitourinary system were 40. 0% ,45.0% and 19. 9% ,4. 4%,retrospectively. There were no grade 3 or more acute toxicities. The incidence of grades 3 or 4 late toxicities of the lower gastrointestinal tract was 4. 9%. Conclusions CT-based three-dimensional external beam and 192Ir intracavity radiotherapy combined with concurrent chemotherapy can achieve good therapeutic effects for locally advanced cervical cancer. The acute and late toxicities are significantly reduced compared with historic controls as a result of incorporation of 3DCRT technique.

Animals ; Blood Platelets ; cytology ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Cyclophosphamide ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Male ; Megakaryocytes ; cytology ; Mice ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; Thrombocytopenia ; chemically induced ; therapy

Objective To study the toxic effects of 5-amionlevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) and peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs), and furthermore, to understand the possible causes of this response. Methods We used MTT assay to detect the survival rate of PBMCs, CBMCs and PBSCs after treated by ALA-PDT under the optimum experiment conditions with U937 as control;Annexin V-FITC/PI was used to detect the pattern of cell death induced by ALA-PDT. By using flow cytometry, we detected intracellular PpIX fluorescence intensity. Results After ALA-PDT treatment the survival rate of PBMCs had no significant change;however in PBSCs and CBMCs, the survival rate reduced to 70%, and the survival rate of leukemia cell U937 was the lowest, about 30%. After incubation with ALA,except for PBMCs, intraceUuiar PplX fluorescence intensity of the other two kinds of normal haemocytes and U937 increased obviously. These results combined with the flow cytometry suggested that the main pattern of cell death here was apoptosts. Conclusion Under the optimum experiment conditions, ALA-PDT has a slight effect on normal haemocytes but excellent depletions of leukemia cells. Therefore, it can effectively purify autologons bone marrow or stem cell grafts.

Obejective To explore the effect of combined use of dexmedetomidine and ultra-low dose naloxone on postoperative hyperalgesia induced by remifentanil. Method 80 ASA gradeⅠ-Ⅱ female patients who were scheduled to perform endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) were randomly divided into four groups: purely remifentanil group (group R) and remifentanil plus different dosage dexmedetomidine and ultra-low dose naloxone group (group RDN1 ~ RDN3). Then the postoperative VAS on 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h and 24 h together with the firstpostoperative pain time , PCA press numbers , fentanyl usage and adverse reaction rate were recorded and evaluated. Results Average VAS of group R are higher than other groups in all 7 time points at the adjusted significant level of 0.0083, and group R > group RDN1 > group RDN2 > group RDN3, while differences between group RDN2 and RDN3 in all time points are not statistical significant.There is no difference between group RDN1 and group RDN2 inthe first postoperative pain time and the PCA press time at 1h after operation. Difference between group RDN2 and group RDN3 in the PCA press time at 24 h after operation was not significant, and the fentanyl usage of RDN groups are significantly less than group R. Conclusions Combined use of dexmedetomidine and ultra-low dose naloxone induced by remifentanil can improving patients′postoperative hyperalgesia , effect increase with the dose of dexmedetomidine increas , and the increasement is more sensitive in acute pain.

Dingzhi Xiaowan is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine in treating depression, which is a similar formula of Kaixinsan. In this research, a rapid ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS(E)) method was established to analyze the metabolites of Dingzhi Xiaowan in depressive model rat plasma, bile, urine and feces. After we established Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model rats and orally administrated Dingzhi Xiaowan, rat plasma, bile, urine and feces samples were collected and prepared. Using Waters Cortects UPLC C18 column (2.1 mm x 50 mm, 1.6 μm), acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid mobile phase gradient, these samples were analyzed and 33 metabolites of nine bioactive compounds were detected and tentatively identified by Metabolynx. Among the 33 metabolites, three metabolites were identified from plasma sample, three came from bile sample, and 27 metabolites were identified from urine and feces samples. This approach provided a rapid method for characterizing the metabolites of Dingzhi Xiaowan and gave the truly active structures and the action mechanism of their antidepressant effects.
Animals ; Bile ; metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Depression ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; Feces ; chemistry ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plant Extracts ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Aim To investigate the antidepressive-like effect of ethyl alcohol extract of Polyrhachis vicina Rog-er(EAPR),and its mechanism.Methods EAPR was prepared by ethanol extraction.Its anti-depressive effect was investigated by tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST).Furthermore,repeated doses of reserpine was used for preparing the depres-sive rats.Results EAPR has definitely anti-depres-sive effect,as evidenced by the decreased immobility time in FST and TST at the doses of 8 and 4 g·kg -1 (P <0.05).In the repeated reserpine evoked depres-sive rats,EAPR antagonized the symptoms induced by monoamines depletion and attenuated the anhedonia, as manifested by reversed hypothermia,akinesia and sucrose consumption at the doses of 8 and 2 g·kg -1 (P <0.05,P <0.01).Neuro-chemical studies showed that AFPR significantly increased the concentration of monoamines,including 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and noradrenaline(NA)at the dose of 8 g·kg -1 (P <0.05),and had no effect on normal rats .Furthermore, EAPR increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD)in serum,hippocampus and cerebral cortex at the dose of 8 g·kg -1 (P <0.05).Conclusion EA-PR possesses the definite antidep ressive properties, connected with the regulation of neurotransmitter me-tabolism and the nerve cells antioxidant effect.

The efficacy of Chinese herbal formula in treating depression has been proved in many studies. In this study, six different Kaixin San formulas were compared to investigate their effects on central monoamine neurotransmitters of chronic stress rats and against depression based on their different components in plasma, in order to discuss the efficacy-comparability relationship and the possible efficacy mechanism. The classic isolation method and the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) depression model were combined to investigate the changes in contents in hippocampus and monoamine neurotransmitters (NE, DA, 5-HT) and the components of some formulas in plasma with HPLC and UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE methods. As a result, Dingzhi Xiaowan recorded in Essential Recipes for Emergent Use Worth A Thousand significantly increased the behavioral scores, NE and 5-HT contents in hippocampus and NE, DA and 5-HT contents in cortex, with the best anti-depressant effect. Dingzhi Xiaowan recorded in Complete Records of Ancient and Modern Medical Works showed a notable increase in sucrose preference and open field score in model rats, NE content in hippocampus and NE, DA and 5-HT contents in cortex, with a certain anti anti-depressant effect. Kaixin San recorded in Ishinpo showed remarkable rise in weight of model rats. NE content in hippocampus and DA content in cortex. Puxin Decoction recorded in A Supplement to Recipes Worth A Thousand Gold showed 5-HT content in hippocampus and DA content in cortex. Kaixin San recorded in Yimenfang only showed DA content in cortex. Kaixin Wan recorded in Essential Recipes for Emergent Use Worth A Thousand did not mention the antidepressant effect. According to the results, the formulas' different anti-depressant effects may be related to the different plasma components.
Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Biogenic Monoamines ; analysis ; Brain Chemistry ; drug effects ; Chronic Disease ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; analysis ; Norepinephrine ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serotonin ; analysis ; Stress, Psychological ; metabolism