Objective To study how polyclonal antibodies against ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) reduce botulinum toxin-in- duced axonal sprouting and affect paralytic muscle.Design Experimental study.Participants 20 New Zealand rabbits.Methods In 10 rabbits randomly selected,left superior rectus were as control (Group 1),right superior rectus were injected with botulinum toxin A (BTXA) 2.5U (Group 3).At 14th day,bilateral superior recti were taken out under general anaesthesia.In the other 10 rabbits,left su- perior recti were injected equivalent physical saline (NS) as control (Group 2);right superior recti were injected with BTXA 2.5U,after 4 days,injected with 50?l polyclonal antibodies against CNTF at same site (Group 4).And at 14th day,bilateral superior recti were taken out for electron microscopy,dyed with acetylcholinesterase,argentums (Ag) to show nerve axonal sprout,and accounted and mea- sured with Leica microsystems.Main Outcome Measures The mean number of sprouts and the mean total length of sprouts,and the uhrastructure change of muscle by electron microscopy.Results In Group 1,the mean number of sprouts and the mean total length of sprouts were 5.75% and 10.53?m respectively;Group 2 were 6.11% and 11.16?m;Group 3 were 84.04% and 170.71?m;and Group 4 were 54.77% and 68.12?m.The differences were statistically significant (all P=0.000).Electron microscopy showed that after admin- istration BTXA alone (Group 3),muscle atrophied obviously,nerve myelin sheath increased,while the structure of nerve and muscle re- main invariable.The Group 4 showed that local myofilament disrupted and dissolved,degenerative myocytes necrotized and disintegrat- ed into fragments,which led to partial unreversible destroy.Conclusion Polyclonal anti-CNTF can reduce BTXA-induced axonal sprout- ing,lead to partial unreversible destroy of muscle,which may prolong the time of paralytic muscle resuming.It suggests that polyclonal anti-CNTF could prolong the duration of muscle paralyses induced by botulinum toxin.

Central Nervous System Neoplasms ; secondary ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neuroblastoma ; pathology

China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Electricity

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; mortality ; physiopathology ; Renal Dialysis ; methods ; mortality ; Survival Rate

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and toxicity of docetaxel combined with compound tegafur capsule(S-1)on anthracycline-refractory recurrent metastatic breast cancer (ARMBC).Methods Thirty-eight ARMBC patients were given intravenous 70 mg/m2 docetaxel at day 1,and oral 60 mg/m2 S-1twice every day at day 1 to 14.Every 3 weeks was one cycle and each patient received at least two cycles.ResultsAfter treatment,among these 38 patients,there was 2 complete response (CR) (5.3 ％),20 partial response (PR) (52.6 ％),10 stable disease (SD) (26.3 ％),and 6 progressive disease (PD) (15.8 ％).Overall objective response rate was 57.9 ％ (95 ％ confidence intervaal: 42.6 ％-74.2 ％) while clinical benefit response rate was 73.7 ％ (95％ confidence interval: 58.4 ％-89.1％).The median time to progression (TTP) was 7.8 months(95 ％ confidence interval:6.7-8.9 months),and median overall survival time(OS)was 15.7 months (95 ％ confidence interval: 12.9-18.8 months).The main toxic reaction was myelosuppression,and grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ adverse events including leucopenia occurred in 21.1％ of all cases.Most common grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ adverse events,such as hand-foot syndrome,nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,liver dysfunction,and oral mucositis,were tolerable.ConclusionGood clinical efficacy is achieved in the therapy of metastatic breast cancer with docetaxel and S-1 combination regimen and toxic reaction is tolerable.

Objective To investigate the effect of xuebijing injection applied after abdominal operation on the inflammatory reaction,infection rate,length of stay and hepatorenal function. Methods Sixty patients received abdominal operations were randomly divided into therapeutic group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). The inflammatory reaction indexes (temperature,heart rate,leucocyte) and hepatorenal function indexes(aminopherase, total bilirubin, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen) were observed in both groups before operation and after operation 3,7 days respectively. The infection rate and length of stay were compared in two groups. Results Temperature and leucocyte post operative 3 days [temperature:(37.0 ± 0.2) ℃ vs. (37.9 ± 0.4) ℃ ;leucocyte: (8.8 ± 1.1 ) × 109/L vs. ( 10.3 ± 1.7) × 109/L, P＜ 0.05] and length of stay in therapeutic group was obviously better than that in control group[ (8.7 ± 1.9 ) d vs. ( 10.9±1.6) d, P ＜ 0.05 ]. The hepatorenal function indexes and infection rate in both groups had no significant difference(P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Xuebijing injection could significantly palliate the inflammatory reaction after abdominal operation, shorten the length of stay and has no hepatorenal toxicity in short term.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Central Nervous System ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Female ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; toxicity ; Pesticides ; toxicity ; Pregnancy ; Rats

Abdominal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fibroblasts ; metabolism ; pathology ; Groin ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Lymph Nodes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Melanoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Inventions

To strengthen the medical students in patient safety education is the first step to effectively prevent medical accidents.But at present patient safety education has not been given enough attention by domestic mnedical colleges.Research group consulted literature at home and abroad related to patient safety courses, according to the Medical colleges patient safety curriculum guide proposed by The World Health Organization (WHO) Alliance for Patient Safety, opened the patient safety course in undergraduate medical education with the goal to improve the medical students to maintain patient safety consciousness, ability and methods and implemented scene simulation teaching and formative assessment.We achieved good teaching effect and appraisal by students.