Objective To study the relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and osteoporosis by measuring the bone mineral density (BMD),lung function,blood gas analysis,calcium ion,high sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and the quality of life.Methods BMD measuring was performed by ultrasound dry bone densitometer in 32 patients with COPD (COPD group) and 35 healthy controls (control group).The ultrasonic transmission speed (SOS),SOS T,fracture risk factor (OSI) and bone strength (TI) were measured at the sites of the left calcaneus.COPD group was divided into three groups according to lung function,3 cases of mild,14 cases of moderate and 15 cases of severe.According to the level of BMD,there were another three groups,3 cases with normal BMD,24 cases with lower BMD,and 5 cases with osteoporosis.According to the history of systemic glucocorticoid application,COPD group was divided into two groups,10 cases with glucocorticoid application and 22 cases without glucocorticoid application.The levels of BMD between COPD group and control group were compared,and the correlation between BMD and lung function,blood gas analysis,calcium ion,hs-CRP and the quality of life in patients with COPD was analyzed.Results COPD group had lower BMD than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05).In COPD group,the severe patients had lower BMD than the moderate patients (P ＜ 0.05),and the severe patients had only lower SOS than the mild patients(P ＜ 0.05),but there was no statistic significant difference in BMD between the moderate and mild patients(P ＞ 0.05).According to the level of BMD,the osteoporosis patients had lower arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) and higher hs-CRP and COPD assessment test (CAT) than the normal BMD and lower BMD patients,and the lower BMD patients had lower PaO2 and higher CAT than the normal BMD patients (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no statistic significant difference in calcium ion among them(P ＞ 0.05).According to the history of systemic glucocorticoid application,the patients with glucocorticoid application had lower level of BMD than the other patients (P ＜ 0.05).SOS,SOS T,OSI and TI was correlated with one second forced expiratory volume percent predicted (FEV1％) (r =0.389,0.262,-0.295,0.265; P＜0.05),also correlated with PaO2 (r =0.391,0.100,-0.374,0.122;P＜0.05),and also correlated with CAT (r =-0.659,-0.463,0.175,-0.178 ; P ＜ 0.05).There was only a negative correlation between SOS and hs-CRP (r =-0.390,P ＜ 0.05).Further in Logistic regression analysis,the results showed that both PaO2 and FEV1％ were the risk factors of BMD reduction.Conclusions Patients with COPD have lower BMD than their peers of healthy.The reduction of blood oxygen pressure and lung function are the risk factors of BMD reduction.There is a conjecture that the reduced BMD is correlated with chronic inflammation in patients with COPD.

Objective To evaluate the value of combined application of computed tomography perfusion imaging(CTPI)and CT angiography(CTA) in the diagnosis of hyperacute ischemic cerebrovascular disease.Methods 46 patients with hyperacute ischemic cerebrovascular disease(onset within 6 hours) were examined by conventional CT , CTPI and CTA.Results Conventional CT scan showed low density signal in 5 of 46 patients. CTPI revealed normal perfusion in 16 patients and hypoperfusion in 30 patients. 27 patients existed stenosis or occlusion of middle cerebral arteries(MCA) and anterior cerebral arteries(ACA) by CTA. CTA also showed obvious slight MCA in 2 cases and normal image in 17 cases. 25 cases with large or moderate cerebral infarction volume were confirmed by CTPI as having ischemic hypoperfusion lesions and stenosis or occlusion of arteries by CTA. In 9 cases with small cerebral infarction volume, CTPI revealed perfusion defect in 5 patients and CTA displayed stenosed arteries in 2 patients. CTPI of 12 patients with TIA were normal. But CTA showed remarkable slight MCA and more blood vessel network in its distal segment in 2 of 12 patients.Conclusion combined application of CTPI and CTA can detect hyperacute ischemic lesion at far more early stage. They are helpful in differentiation TIA from infarcts with different volumes.

Objective To investigate the application of computed tomography perfusion imaging(CTPI)in hyperacute ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Methods Conventional computed tomography (CT) and CTPI were performed within 6 hours of symptom onset in 46 patients with cerebrovascular disease. Results In 46 cases,5 cases diagnosed as cerebral infarction obtained regular CT positive results.In 41 having regular CT negative results,29 had cerebral infarction,and the other 12 had transient ischemic attack(TIA).In 16 cases with CTPI negtive,12 were diagnosed as having TIA and the others having small infarction volume.30 cases were confirmed by CTPI as having ischemic lesions.In 30 cases,5 had ischemic lesions larger in CTPI than in regular CT and 25 had regular CT negtive results.The regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF),time to peak(TP),mean transit time(MTT)in 30 cases with CTPI positive were found obviously changed.The side of ischemic lesion as compared with the opposite side,and the core of ischemic lesion as compared with peripheral zone were found changed significantly( P

ObjectiveTo study the effect of TGF-? 1 signal transduction blocked by antisense-Smad 4 gene on progression of experimental liver fibrosis of Kunming mice.MethodsWe transfered retrovirus-mediated antisense Smad 4cDNA into the CCl4/ethanol induced cirrhotic liver of Kunming mouse model to investigate the antisense-Smad 4 gene integration by Southern blot. The expression of Smad 4 in cirrhotic liver was observed by Northern blot, RT-PCR, and Western blot. The fibrotic degree of the livers among the three groups were compared.ResultsThe antisense-Smad 4 gene was confirmed to integrate into the liver of the retrovirus-treated mouse .In the non-treated cirrhotic liver, the expression of Smad 4 mRNA was significantly increased than normal liver, the antisense Smad 4 gene could decrease the expression of Smad 4. Compared with the non-treated liver, the fibrotic septa of the liver in the retrovirus-treated mouse were fewer,narrow, and incomplete,and their fibrotic degree of the treated-liver was reduced.ConclusionThese results indicate that antisense-Smad 4 gene can reduce the expression of Smad 4,inhibit the progression of liver fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the influence of 1oganin on proliferation and differentiation of rat preadipocytes. Methods Rat preadipocytes were cultured. The proliferation of rat preadipoeytes was detected by MTT method. The expression of GPDH during the preadipoeytes differentiation was determined by using enzyme tissue chemical way, and the accumulation of cellular lipid was determined by Oil Red O staining. Results Loganin at the concentrations of 8, 16, 32 ? mol/L stimulated rat preadipocyte proliferation, inhibited GPDH increase and lipid accumulation during differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion Loganin can stimulate rat preadipocyte proliferation, inhibite rat preadipocyte differentiation.

Objective To discuss the prevalence of non-EV71,non-CA16 virus strains of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Guangdong province between 2008 and 2009,and analyze the genetic evolution of these non-EV71,non-CA16 virus strains.Methods Isolated viruses from stool samples collected from outpatient and in-patient cases of HFMD between 2008 and 2009 by human rhabdomyosarcoma(RD) cell and HEp-2 cell,cultures that exhibited a characteristic enterovirus cytopathic effect were evaluated by RT-PCR.Those strains which identified non-EV71,non-CA16 were analyzed by VP1 sequencing and then were identified by BLAST program.A phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Neighor-Joinning method in the MEGA 4.0 software.Results Twenty-two virus strains of non-EV71,non-CA16 were obtained,and nine of the twenty-two virus strains in 2008 were classified into CA2,CA4,and CB3 by BLAST; thirteen of the twenty-two virus strains in 2009 were classified into EV80,Echo13,Echo30,CBS,Echo24,CA10,CA6,and poliovirus 1 by BLAST.The honology of all strains was low,and all the strains belonged to CA,CB,Echoviruses,Enterovirus and poliovirus subgroup.Conclusion Except for EV71 and CA16 was a major causative agent in prevail of HFMD in Guangdong province between 2008 and 2009,there also existed other subgroup Enterovirus.The other twenty-two strains respectively belonged to CA,CB,Echoviruses,Enterovirus and poliovirus subgroup,and none of those strains was predominant.Muti-species Enterovirus occurred concomitantly.

Objective To construct an electrochemical immunosensor for ultrasensitive determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) .Methods The electrochemical immunosensor for M PO was prepared by modifying the electrode using Au-graphitized me-soporous carbon nanoparticles(AuNPs@ GMCs) hybrid and immobilizing MPO antibodies onto the glass carbon electrode surface . The effect of experimental parameters on the immunosensor and results comparison with ELISA were investigated .Results The immunosensor was sensitive to M PO with a linear relationship between 2 .000 and 300 .000 ng/mL and a correlation coefficient of 0 .999 ;the detection limit was 0 .5 ng/mL .The correlation coefficient of two methods was 0 .983 .Conclusion The immunosensor can be used for ultrasensitive detection of MPO .

Accommodation of the human eye ian extremely complex and dynamiprocess,which iaccomplished by the interaction between the central nervousystem and variouoculastructurethaare relevanto accommodation.Varioumechanismof accommodation have been puforward since the beginning of the 19th century,among which Helmhohz'theory ithe mosfamous.However,iistill challenged by othetheories.So far,the mechanism of accommodation hanobeen fully understood.The mosdirecmethod to study accommodation ito observe changein the biometry of the oculastructureduring accommodation,which ialso the mosobjective interpretation of accommodative mechanisms.The rapid developmenof imaging technologiein regardto ophthalmology makethipossible.Thiarticle aimto describe the use of variouimaging technologiein oculaaccommodative studiein vivo from the perspective of morphology.

Objective To study the relationship between pain symptoms and the clinico-pathological features of pelvic endometriosis (EM).Methods One hundred thirty patients with laparoseopic diagnosis of EM were studied retrospectively and the relationship between pain symptoms including dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain(CPP),dyspareunia and dysehezia and the anatomical features of pelvic endometriosis were evaluated.Results One hundred (76.9%)patients with pain symptoms and 30 (23.1%)without were included in this study.The number of patients with mild,moderate and severe dysmenorrhoea was 27 (20.8%),41(31.5%),and 32 (24.6%),respectively.Patients with dyspareunia,CPP and dyschezia were 46(35.4%),45(34.6%) and 67(51.5%),respectively.Compared with patients without dysmenorrhea,the proportion of deep utero-sacral nodules (45.0% vs 13.3%,P=0.00),recto-vaginal nodules (16.0% vs 0,P=0.01),complete obliteration of eul-de sac (41.0% vs 10.0%,P=0.00),and lesions of DIE (51.0% vs 16.7%,P=0.00) was significantly increased in patients with dysmenorrhea. The severity of dysmenorrhea was positively correlated with nodules in uterosacral ligaments (P=0.005,r= 0.302),and invasive depth of uterosacral ligaments (P=0.016,OR=5.085).Among patients with endometrioma,significantly more moderate to severe adhesions were found in patients with dysmenorrhea , compared with those patients without dysmenorrhea(29.1% vs 8.3%,P=0.029).Patients with CPP had more nodules in the utero-sacral ligaments(51.1% vs 30.6%,P=0.018)and DIE lesions(57.8% vs 35.3%,P=0.011),compared with those without.More nodules in the utero-saeral ligaments(46,3% vs 28.6%,P=0.028),recto-vaginal nodules(19.4% vs 4.8%,P=0.01),complete obliteration of cul-de sac(44.8% vs 22.2%,P=0.005)and DIE lesions(53.7% vs 31.7%,P=0.01)were found in patients with dyschezia,compared with those without.Nodules in the recto-vaginal pouch were an independent risk factor of dyspareunia.Conclusion Pain symptoms including dysmenorrhea,dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain,and dysehezia are remarkedly related to endometriotic nodules at the posterior part of the pelvis or those with deep invasions.