AIM: To compare the measurement of anterior chamber depth(ACD) inclusive of corneal thickness using intrao-cular lens(IOL) master and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and evaluate the repeatability of each method.METHODS: Two consecutive measurements of ACD were prospectively performed using IOL master and UBM in 60 eyes in 60 individuals. Mean values were compared using the paired t test. For each individual, ACD measure-ments was performed 5 times to estimate the repeatability of each method by a coefficient of variation(CV).RESULTS: The mean ACD was 2.95±0.25mm with the IOL master and 2.96±0.22mm with the UBM. This diffe-rence was not statistically significant (P=0.631).The coefficient of variation (CV) was 0.56%±0.26% and 0.65%± 0.36% in IOL master and UBM, respectively.CONCLUSION: The mean ACD of IOL master was the same as UBM. The repeatability of IOL master is better than UBM.

Objective:To construct a lentiviral vector overexpression of micrRNA-29b and investigate the biological characteristics in mouse neuronal cell lines GT1-7.Methods:We chemically synthesized two oligonucleotide single-stranded,complete the comple-mentary by bridging extension into DNA double-stranded to form miR-29b precursor structure.The restriction enzyme digested vector plasmid FUGW was ligated to the precursor structure ofmiR-29b by homologous recombination to construct the corresponding lentiviral vector of microRNA-29b overexpression,and the stable cells were obtained in the mouse neuronal cell line GT1-7 by bleomycin drag screening.RT-PCR was used to detect the expression level of related genes at mRNA transcription level,Results:The recombinant lentiviral expression plasmid f-F-miR-29b was successfully constructed,and the expression level was about 30 times higher than that of the control group.The expressions of DCX,Vdac1 and pten were inhibited,have no changes in sex developmental related genes LH-β,kiss-l,Inshulin,IGF-I,GPR54,GnRH and leptin-R.Conclusion:Using the method of lentivirus screening,the microRNA-29b overexpressing stably transformed cells was successfully obtained in mouse neuron GT1-7 cells,which laid a foundation for the study of biological characteristics ofmicroRNA-29b.

In recent years, the study of autophagy in spinal cord injury (SCI) gradually becomes the hot spot. However, the function of autophagy in the injured spinal cord is still controversial. In order to further understand the role of autophagy after SCI, we summarized the activation of autophagy, autophagic cell death, the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis, the function of autophagy in promoting the molecular metabolism and the role of autophagy after spinal cord injury. We concluded that the role of autophagy after SCI is a double-edged sword. Upregulating the level of autophagy appropriately can promote damaged proteins metabolism and inhibit apoptosis. However, excessive activation of antophagy may induce autophagic cell dealth. So we consider that the proper regulation of autophagy will be a new target in the treatment of SCI.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Autophagy ; physiology ; Humans ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; etiology ; pathology

Objective Deletion detection and annotation of 18 lines from the population of specific chromosome 1 substitution strains ( PCSSs) derived from Chinese wild mice based on whole genome re-sequencing data. Methods Whole genome re?sequencing of the 18 lines were performed on the Illumina Hiseq platform. SpeedSeq software was used to detect the deletion after read alignment. Further annotation was obtained using SnpEff software. Results 13803 dele?tions were identified among the 18 lines, the length of deletion was ranged from 51bp to 70 kb, among them nearly 50%were less than 500 bp. Through functional annotation,we found most of the variants were located in intronic (50. 361%) and intergenic (28. 745%) regions. However, we also identified 31 protein coding genes harboring loss?of?function dele?tions. Among them, 3 genes were associated with human diseases, 7 genes were participated in 11 KEGG pathways. Conclusion The chromosome 1 of PCSSs harbors abundant deletion mutations which can be used as genetic markers in genetic studies.

Objective To study the balance function of normal persons and to explore the differences in gender and age groups.Methods Forty parameters of 445 normal persons(16-70 years old, 205 of male, 240 of female ) were detected by static posturography while they were in seat, double foot standing with opening and closing eyes, and single foot standing with opening eyes. The results of male and female, standing with opening eyes and closing eyes, left foot standing and right foot standing were compared.Results Everyone's center of gravity was distributed in A zone while they were in seat. At standing with opening eyes and closing eyes, the center of gravity in A zone were in 429 subjects( 96.4%) and 436 subjects( 98.0%). Most parameters showed significant difference between the women and the men, opening eyes and closing eyes, left foot standing and right foot standing, different age groups. The stability in closing eyes was better than that in opening eyes, right foot standing was better than left foot standing. Most values of 20—39 years old group were the best, 70—79 years old group were the worst.Conclusion Static posturography can evaluate human balance function objectively and quantitatively. The stability is related to age and gender. To judge the balance function, the subject's age and sex must be taken into account.

OBJECTIVETo study the rules of occurrence and development of TCM syndromes in patients of depression by analysing the population distribution and related factors of it.

METHODSA clinical epidemiologic survey was carried out with the materials collected by the four-diagnostic method from patients of depression to gain the syndrome types of 397 patients through dynamic cluster analysis, factor analysis and TCM syndrome differentiation. The constitution of syndrome types in different population and the relation between TCM syndrome types and the clinical types differentiated by Western medicine of depression was analyzed.

RESULTSSix syndrome types were found in 397 patients with depression. They were, ranging in occurrence order, the Gan-Qi stagnation with mental uneasiness type (108 cases, 27.2%); the Xin-Pi deficiency with dampness retention type (94 cases, 23.7%); the Xin-Gan Qi-stagnation with Phlegm retention type (76 cases, 19.1%); the Xin-Gan Qi stagnation with Jing-Luo disharmony type (57 cases, 14.3%); the Xin-Shen Qi stagnation with collateral obstruction type (34 cases, 8.6%); and the Xin-Gan Qi stagnation with Heat interfering mental type (28 cases, 7.1%). There were statistical significance (P < 0.01) in comparison of the syndrome types constitution among patients of different ages or different Western medicinal types (mild, with or without psychotic symptoms), but no significant difference was shown in that among patients of different sexes, with or without familial history of mental diseases, with monophasic or biphasic, initial or recurrent episode (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe result obtained in this study is basically in accord with the cognitive rule of TCM theory, it provides a reliable base of syndrome differentiation for treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Cluster Analysis ; Demography ; Depressive Disorder ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged

Objective To introduce the clinical types of perforator branches of anterosuperior malleolus flap and explore its application.Methods Anterosuperior malleolus flap coupling with dorsal pedal flap was used for repairing the soft tissue defect of hands in 18 patients,in which anterosuperior malleolus flap-dorsal pedal single flap in 12 cases,anterosuperior malleolus flap-dorsal pedal bilobate flap in 4 cases,anterosuperior malleolus flap-dorsal pedal trilobate flap in 2 cases;Anterosuperior malleolus retrograde island (bone) flap was used in recovering pedal soft tissue in 22 patients,the flap pedicled from stem of anterior tibial artery in 16 cases,dorsal pedal flap-anterosuperior malleolus flap in 2 cases,the flap from perforate vessels without injuring the anterior main tibial artery in 2 cases,the bone flap combined with the distal of tibia in 2 cases.Results In the 18 cases of hands,17 cases survived,and 1 case of flap mild necrosis at the distal site took a second-phase skin-grafting to repair.Twenty cases of anterosuperior malleolus retrograde island (bone) flap survived,and the other 2 cases needed secondary skin-grafting to repair the necrosis edge of flaps because of venous limited.After a follow-up from 3 to 6 months,30 cases showed the satisfied postoperative outlook,with the good healing of the donor sites.Typing the 40 cases according to the location of perforator branches of the anterosuperior malleolus flap,20 cases locate in the medial of anterior tibial muscle,16 cases locate between the anterior tibial muscle and extensor hallucis longus,4 cases locate between extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus.Conclusion Knowing the clinical types of the perforator branches of anterosuperior malleolus flap is not only helpful for the accurate processes of operations、preventing cutaneous branches,but also improving the success rate of surgery.

Objective To establish a high throughput general multiple competitive polymerase chain reaction ( cPCR) detecting method of copy number variations ( CNVs) for the population of chromosome 1 substitution strains from wild mice.Method The selected 14 loci, including 11 CNVs on chromosome 1 and internal control loci on other three chromosmes (Chr 7, Chr 19 and Chr X), were detected based on the universal fluorescent primer multiple competitive pol-ymerase chain reaction.All specific cloned plasmids were constructed as competitors.Results Altogether 11 CNVs were designed in one panel, and the copy of Chr X accurately reflects the gender.Conclusions A rapid and high-throughput fluorescent multiplex cPCR assay is established which can be used for detection of copy number variations on chromosome 1 in mice.

Purpose Polymorphisms of candidate gene Agouti was analyzed in order to reveal the molecular mech -anisms of coat color difference in chromosome engineering mice .Methods Firstly, differences of mouse coat color was detected by color measurement spectrophotometer .Then, candidate gene Agouti was found by whole genome scanning based on DNA chip.Finally, cDNA and amino acid sequence polymorphisms were analyzed , as well as the influence of protein properties and function after mutation was predicted by bioinformatics software .Results There are five SNPs in the Agou-ti cDNA sequences , resulting in three missense mutations in the amino acid sequence of Agouti signaling protein .Bioinfor-matics analysis revealed that one βsheet deletion in the secondary structure of the mutant protein , as well as tertiary struc-ture changed , leading to decrease of binding ability .Conclusion A novel missense mutation is found in candidate Agouti gene.It plays critical role in receptor binding activity , and may reflect on mice coat color changing from light gray to dark gray eventually .

Objective To investigate the effects of radix salviae militiorrhizae (RSM) on acute lung injury induced by"two hits"and to study its probable mechanism.Method Thirty Wister rats were randomly divided into three groups:namely normal control group,model group and RSM treatment group.The model was created by"two-hits"in which 0.2 ml/kg oleic acid was injected into tail vein first,and then 2 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide was administered four hours later.After model rats sacrificed,the pathological changes of lung were observed,and lung wet/dry weight ratio,protein content,and the ratio of neutrophiles in brochoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were calculated.In addition,the expression of Fas,FasL protein and apoptosis were evaluated by immunohistochemical studies and TUNEL technique.Results The acute lung injury rat model was successfully induced by"two hits".The gross and micrographic injury of lung was milder in RSM treatment rats than in model rats.The W/D ratio,protein contents and the ratio of neutrophiles in BALF were also markedly reduced in comparison with model rats,while the expression of Fas and Fasl,and the apoptosis index in model rats were significantly increased compared with other two groups.Furthermore,it showed a positive correlation between the expression of Fas,FasL,and the number of cell with apoptosis.Conclusions RSM shows a protective effect on ALT rats caused by"two hits"likely reaulted from inhibiting the expressions of Fas and Fasl,which are associated with the cell apoptosis of lung tissue.