Objective To develop a Chinese translation of the Mood and Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire-Short Form (MASQ-SF) and evaluate the reliability and the validity in a sample of Chinese middle school students. Methods The questionnaire was administered to 682 middle school students. Internal consistency, testretest and confirmatory factor analyses were analyzed. Results The internal consistency reliability for the total scale was 0.95, and for the four factors ranged from 0.84 to 0.92 and the one month test-retest reliability coefficient for the total questionnaire was 0.78. The mean inter-item correlation coefficient for the MASQ-SF was 0.24,and the mean inter-item correlation coefficient for the four factors ranged from 0. 20 to 0.51. And the results of confirmatory factor analyses (IFI 0.91, CFI 0.92, TLI 0.91, RMSEA 0.06). The factors loadings ranged from 0. 28 to 0.71. The squared multiple correlations were 0.12 to 0.53. Indicated that the four-factor structure of the MASQ-SF was suitable for the Chinese middle school sample. Conclusion The Chinese version of the MASQ-SF with acceptable psychometric quality,and appropriate for assessing anxiety and depression in Chinese adolescence.

Objective To recommend the safety guidelines for workplace violence on health care sector according to the incidents of violence status on medical workplace.Methods A pilot study was conducted using a two-round Delphi method to study out the safety guidelines for hospital violence.Results In two subsequent rounds,the group discussed and screened out 50 entries from 51 items in the six modules as safety guidelines for hospital violence.Conclusions Establishment of safety guidelines for hospital violence on health care sector using Delphi method requires further clinical validation.

Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of continuous light and benzene exposure on peripheral blood erythrocyte - Methods parameters and expression of miR 144/451 in the bone marrow of mice. This was a 2×2 factorial design. Photoperiod ， ， factor was set as normal and continuous light levels and mice were treated for 12 hours/12 hours light/dark or 24 hours light - respectively. The benzene exposure factor was set as non exposure and exposure levels. Mice were exposed to benzene by static 3 ， inhalation with a mass concentration of 0.0 and 32.5 mg/m for three hours per day five days per week for a total of four weeks. ， ， Specific pathogen free male C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into negative control group simple continuous light group - - ， ， simple benzene exposure group and combined exposure group with 12 mice per group. After benzene exposure peripheral ， blood was collected for the detection of erythrocyte parameters in four periods. After the mice were sacrificed the expression of - - - - miR 451a and miR 144 5p was detected by real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction in bone marrow Results （ ）， ， tissues. The hematocrit volume HCT mean corpuscular volume mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration （ ） - MCHC and mean corpuscular hemoglobin in peripheral blood and the relative expression of miR 451a in bone marrow tissue （ P< ） ， were statistically significant only in mice with benzene exposure all 0.05 . Among them the MCHC of benzene exposed （P< ）， （ P< ） - mice increased 0.05 but the other four indexes decreased all 0.05 compared with non benzene exposed mice. In thenegative control group the change of red blood cells count hemoglobin level and HCT in peripheral blood were rhythmical all P < ） ， （ P > ） rhythmical 0.05 . However the indexes above were out of rhythm all rhythmical 0.05 in the simple continuous light group and the - （ P > combined exposure group. The change of hemoglobin level and HCT of peripheral blood were also out of rhythm all rhythmical ） - - 0.05 in the simple benzene exposure group. The relative expression of miR 451a in bone marrow tissues of negative control （ P < ）， - group and simple continuous light group was rhythmical all rhythmical 0.05 while the relative expression of miR 451a in simple - - （ P > ）Conclusion benzene exposure group and combined exposure group was out of rhythm all rhythmical 0.05 . Benzene exposure ， induced changes in erythrocyte parameters of mice are independent effect and its mechanism may be related to the rhythmic - ， expression disorder of miR 451a in bone marrow tissues. Continuous light exposure benzene exposure and their interactions can ， interfere with the circadian rhythm of erythrocyte parameters such as red blood cell count hemoglobin and HCT to some extent.

In order to identify Aucklandiae Radix, Vladimiriae Radix, Inulae Radix, Aristolochiae Radix and Kadsurae Radix using ITS2 barcodes, genomic DNA from sixty samples was extracted and the ITS2 (internal transcribed spacer) regions were amplified and sequenced. The genetic distances were computed using MEGA 5.0 in accordance with the kimura 2-parameter (K2P) model and the neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree was constructed. The results indicated that for Aucklandiae Radix (Aucklandia lappa), Vladimiriae Radix (Vladimiria souliei and V. souliei var. cinerea), Inulae Radix (Inula helenium), Aristolochiae Radix (Aristolochia debilis) and Kadsurae Radix (Kadsura longipedunculata), the intra-specific variation was smaller than inter-specific one. There are 162 variable sites among 272 bp after alignment of all ITS2 sequence haplotypes. For each species, the intra-specific genetic distances were also smaller than inter-specific one. Furthermore, the NJ tree strongly supported that Aucklandiae Radix, Vladimiriae Radix, Inulae Radix, Aristolochiae Radix and Kadsurae Radix can be differentiated. At the same time, V. souliei (Dolomiaea souliei) and V. souliei var. cinerea( D. souliei var. cinerea) belonging to Vladimiriae Radix were clearly identified. In conclusion, ITS2 barcode could be used to identify Aucklandiae Radix, Vladimiriae Radix, Inulae Radix, Aristolochiae Radix and Kadsurae Radix. Our study may provide a scientific foundation for clinical safe use of the traditional Chinese medicines.
Aristolochia ; classification ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; classification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plants, Medicinal ; classification ; genetics ; Quality Control

Objective To investigate the effect of rehabilitation training on the sensory dysfunction after stroke.Methods Fifty three stroke patients with sensory dysfunction were randomly divided into 2 groups:a con- trol group and a treatment group.The control group composed of 25 patients was intervened with conventional treat- ment,while the treatment group composed of 28 patients with sensory training in addition to the conventional treat- ment.The effect of rehabilitation training of the two groups was evaluated by Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) before and afer treatment.Results The FMA scores of patients of both groups increased significantly after 2 months of treatment (P

BACKGROUND:Placenta is a valuable source of mesenchymal stem cels for stem cel therapy and future application in the field of regenerative medicine. However, conventional methods cannot acquire a large amount of purified human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cels. Here, we present a new method for isolating human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cels suitable for banking strategies and for future clinical applications. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the biological characteristics of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cels cultured by tissue dissociating and colagenase digestion. METHODS: Human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cels were obtained from human placenta by tissue dissociating and colagenase digestion method. Immunophenotype was analyzed by flow cytometry. Growth curve was determined by MTT assay, and differentiation ability was evaluated byin vitro adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic induction as wel. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cels could be passaged stablyin vitro. Furthermore, the cels expressed CD73, CD90, CD105, but were negative for the markers of CD11b, CD19, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. Human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cels proliferated actively and began to grow logarithmicaly at days 3-5 folowed by a plateau period at day 6. In addition, the isolated cels could be induced into adipocytes, osteocytes, chondrocytesin vitro. In a word, the results of this study demonstrated that the tissue dissociating and colagenase digestion method is an efficient method for obtaining a large amount of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cels that can be stably cultured in vitro and have strong proliferative ability.

AIM: To evaluate the effects of the extract of Buddleja officinalis eye drops in basic tears secretory volume, tear film stability, expression of androgen receptors(AR) in castrated rats with dry eye, and to investigate the therapeutic effects of extract of Buddleja officinalis on dry eye caused by gonadal hormones level imbalance. METHODS:A total of 45 Wistar masculinity rats were divided at random into 9 groups, including normal group(A1,A2 and A3), model group(B1,B2 and B3), therapy group with extract of Buddleja officinalis eye drops(C1,C2 and C3). The "1" stood for being fed for 1 month, and "2" for 2 months, and "3" for 3 months. The dry eye model was established with orchiectomy on group B,C. Group C was treated with Buddleja officinalis extract eye drops for one month. All rats were checked with Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt) and tear film break-up time (BUT). Expression of AR was analyzed by flow cytometer(FCM). RESULTS:The SⅠt value of group C was significantly higher than that of group B (P<0.01) and the BUT value of group C was significantly longer than that of group B (P<0.01), which indicated the eye drop could significantly keep basic tears secretory volume and tear film stability. And the expression of AR of group C was much higher than that of group B,which showed that available composition of the eye drops maybe display androgen-like activity.CONCLUSION:The main components of extract of Buddleja officinalis is the flavonoids which could significantly inhibit happening of dry eye of rat after androgen level lowered. Its mechanism is like androgen's and it could display androgen-like activity to keep basic tears secretory volume and tear film stability.

Objective To establish a stable primary culture of rat cerebellar granule neurons in vitro for further study the toxic effects of chronic arsenic exposure on cerebellar cells.Methods Cerebellar cortices were taken from brain of Wistar rat 5-7 day old after born under stereoscopic microscope.Single cell suspension was acquired after digestion and washing with trypsin (0.25％) and DNase Ⅰ solution,respectively.Granule cells were purified from other cells by differential velocity adherence method for two times.Rat cerebellar granule neurons were seeded in culture plate pre-coated with poly-L-lysine.Neurons growth,development and synaptic connections were observed daily.The neurons were identified by neuron specific enolase (NSE) immunofluorescence technique.Results The neurons were affixed to the culture plate in 24 hours,in reticular arrangement observed under contrast microscope.Granule cells gradually turned round from oval and outlines became clearer in 2-3 days.In 4-6 days,there were a wide range of synaptic connections among the neurons and a mature nerve cell network formed.A large quantity of cerebellar granule neurons was seen by NSE identification.Few bigger cells such as purkinjes cells and glial cell outlines were also seen in the same visual field.Conclusions This is a successful primary culture method for acquirement of rat cerebellar granule neurons.The method can provide experimental basis for future studies the toxic effects of chronic arsenic exposure on cerebellar cells.

Objective To investigate the influence of intraoperative thermostasis over respiratory burst of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in patients undergoing radical operation for lung cancer.Methods Thirty-two ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients scheduled for radical operation for lung cancer under general anesthesia were randomized into two groups ( n = 16 each): control group (Group C) and warming group (Group W). The patients in Group C were kept warm by routine measures such as using woollen blankets, while the patients in Group W were kept warm by force-air warming system and fluid warming device as soon as the patients were admitted to the operation room. Rectal and axillary temperatures were continuously monitored as the core and surface temperature, respectively. The core temperature was maintained at the preoperative level (baseline). Anesthesia was induced with midazolam, fentanyl and propofol. Tracheal intubation was facilitated with rocuronium. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane and nitrous oxide and intermittent i.v. boluses of fentanyl, midazolam and vecuronium. Venous blood samples were obtained before, during and at the end of surgery for normal blood analysis and respiratory burst of PMNs which included activated PMNs count and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.Results (1) WBC and PMN counts were significantly increased during and after operation as compared with the baseline values before operation in both groups and there was no significant difference in WBC and PMN counts between the two groups. (2)Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) stimulation resulted in higher intraoperative and postoperative activated PMN counts in both groups and higher postoperative ROS production in Group W. Postoperative ROS production was significantly higher in Group W than in Group C. (3) The PMN counts without stimulation activation during operation and intra- and post-operative ROS production were significantly decreased as compared with the baseline values before operation in Group C, while in Group W there was no significant difference in pre-, intra- and post-operative activated PMN counts and ROS production. The intraoperative PMN counts and intra- and post-operative ROS productions were significantly higher in Group W than in Group C.Conclusion Intraoperative thermostasis can effectively maintain activated PMN count and ROS production without stimulation and enhance ROS production with stimulation in patients undergoing radical operation for lung cancer.

Partial nature of "promoting blood circulation and dieresis" of Salvia Miltiorrhizain was initially demonstrated by investigating the regulation effect of AQP2 expression in kidney of trauma blood stasis model rats with the Salvia Miltiorrhizain so as to provide guidance for its clinical deployment of administration. Random allocation was taken to averagely divide 30 SD rats into two groups: 10 rats in normal group and 20 rats in blood stasis syndrome group. Trauma blood stasis rat model was established by quantitatively beating. Then the rat model group was divided into model group and salvia group. After 7 days of treatment, the rat kidney AQP2 expression was detected, the content of urine AQP2 was compared and the damaged local muscle and kidney pathological changes were observed by immunohistochemical method and western blot method. Compared with that of the normal group, rats in model group had inflammatory cells infiltration, blood stasis and edema of the injured local muscles and up-regulated AQP2 expression, decreasing urinary output, and kidney tissues blood stasis and edema (P < 0.05). On the other hand, compared with that of the model group, those parameters of rats in salvia group were all decreasing except urine output (P < 0.05). Such result indicated that Salvia Miltiorrhiza can reduce trauma blood stasis rat content of urine AQP2 and down-regulated AQP2 expression in kidney tissue, so as to reduce the reabsorption of water by renal tubular and increase urine output. The promoting blood circulation effect of Salvia Miltiorrhizain can alleviate the degree of the damaged tissue edema and encourage urine drainage. This therapy is closely related to the effect of regulating AQP2 in kidney by salvia, so the purpose of this study by verifying "promoting blood circulation and diuresis" as the mechanism for the regulation effect of the salvia on AQP2 expression.
Animals ; Aquaporin 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Blood Circulation ; drug effects ; Diuresis ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Kidney ; blood supply ; drug effects ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Kidney Diseases ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry