AIM: To observe the interocular symmetry of primary angle-closure suspects` (PACS) parameters using IOL Master.METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study.Totally 112 eyes from 56 subjects were enrolled to detect the difference of the bilateral axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and white to white distance(WTW), and to evaluate the correlation between the interocular differences of △AL, △ACD and △WTW and age, gender.RESULTS: All the parameters were analyzed by paired-samples t test and there were no significant interocular difference (P>0.05).There was no relation of ΔAL,ΔACD and ΔWTW with age and gender.CONCLUSION: Interocular symmetry of parameters by IOL Master was observed in PACS, and we found that the symmetry would not be altered when the age and gender had changed.

Objective To establish a reasonable method to evaluate nursing quality with both the quantity and quality of nursing taken into account.Methods Quantity indexes of nursing were analyzed with decision tree method (CHAID)in SPSS18.0,which included the number of patients admitted to wards,first grade' s nursing days,critically ill patients,emergencies,operations,intravenous infusions,intramuscular injections,oxygen inhalations,urinary tract catheterizations,gastric tube catheterizations,enemas and the average turnover rate of beds.After the quantity analysis,the nursing units were divided into different groups according to their workload.Then,we made a comprehensive evaluation of nursing quality with 12 indicators on the same group.Results Decision tree analysis can identify hierarchy relationship of various nursing quantity indicators and high-priority work quantity variables.Furthermore,it can establish the hierarchical rule based on the distribution of high-priority variables,and serve the purpose of classifying nursing units based on nursing workload.Conclusion The decision tree method can provide a same-level nursing workload platform for quality examination.This has minimized the influence of nursing workload discrepancies on nursing quality examination,and made nursing quality more comparable with nursing workload units of the same level,thus a scientific method for comprehensive nursing quality evaluation.

Objective To summarize the current value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC) for potentially resectable gastric cancer.Methods The recent 5-year literatures searched through the PubMed with the key words:stomach neoplasm,gastric cancer/carcinoma,neoadjuvant therapy/chemotherapy and preoperative therapy/chemotherapy as well as the relevant reports presented in the ASCO Annual Meeting in 2007 and 2008 were analyzed.The present status of NAC for advanced gastric cancer was summarized,the necessity and feasibility were evaluated,and the patients features for selecting,the predictors for response,the mainly existing problems and development trend of NAC were analyzed.Results At present,there were 7 randomized control trails(RCT) published,and among them 3 were phase Ⅲ.It was safe,effective and feasible to most of trails in NAC for gastric cancer.However,it was still little to obtain survival benefit for NAC RCT,and short of randomized trial comparing strict preoperative chemotherapy to surgery alone or perioperative chemotherapy to surgery plus adjuvant chemotherapy.It remained lots of problems such as how to select the appropriate patients,the effective induced regimes and the predicted factors,the evaluated indices for response.Conclusion NAC is a safe,feasible and efficient method to potentially resectable gastric cancer,but strict phase Ⅲ randomized trials are needed.In the future,substantial improvements of treatment outcome will likely depend on the novel drugs and molecular biological targeted therapies.

Objective To increase the sensitivity of residual leukemic cells detectin in chronic myelocytic leukemia(CML) patients with RT-PCR,the optional annealing temperature and PCR cycles were studied to confirm bcr-abl fused gene types,and bcr-abl mRNA transcripts were monitored by RQ-PCR to study the relation with CML at different phases. Methods Through changing the PCR conditions, the annealing temperature was measured from 55℃ to 60℃, and the number of reaction cycles was increased from 30 to 45.All 22 samples were examined, and bcr-abl mRNA transcripts were quantified by RQ-PCR kit. Results Bcr-abl fused gene types were found in 22 samples,of all 9 cases were b_2a_2 type, 13 cases were b_3a_2.When the annealing temperature was set for 58℃ and the number of reation cycles was set for 45,10~3 copies/ul standard samples was detected.18 samples were positive tested by RQ-PCR kit,and the value was between 10~2 to 10~6 copies/g.There were significant differce between the results of chronic phase samples and those of accelerated phase. Conclusions The RT-PCR is a reliable,sensitive and reproducible method of monitoring CML patients.The real-time RT-PCR is useful in evaluating leukemic burden,assessing response to treatment and predicating the prognosis of the disease.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of Qiweibaizhu Powder against HRV infection of intestinal mucosal epithelial cells of suckling mice.Methods The 5-day-old NIH mice were made HRV diarrhea model by oral infection,and randomly divided into six groups:normal group(NG),model group(MG),Qiweibaizhu Powder group(BG),ribavirin group(ZG),suckling mice in each group were instilled corresponding drugs 3 times/d(NG and MG with normal saline) through the mouth.5 d after treatment,suckling mice were killed,small intestine stool was taken to test HRV,and pathological changes in small intestinal mucosa were observed by HE staining.Results Intestinal faeces HRV clearance of BG was significantly better than MG(P

Objective To evaluate the toxicity of the intra-articular injection of bevacizumab in the knee of the rabbit.Methods Thirty-two rabbits were divided into 3 experimental groups and normal control group.Three experimental groups were received intra-articular injection of bevacizumab (1, 2, 4 mg respectively) once every three weeks for two times and the normal control group was received the same amount of 0.9% sodium chloride solution.The animals were sacrificed after 6 weeks.Blood test was examined before and after treatment.Pathologic examinations of liver, kidney and artiluar tissue were taken after the sacrifice.The hematoxylin and eosin stain for synovium and cartilage were performed.The AB-PAS stain and Mankin's scale for cartilage were performed.Results All the rabbits kept normal physiological activity.There was no significant difference of major organs and articular tissue between experimental groups and normal control group.There was no significant difference for WBC, RBC, PLT, ALT, BUN and Mankin's scale among all groups.Conclusion No systemic toxicity effects were found for the intra-articular injection of bevacizumab in the knee of the rabbit.

Objective To analyze molecular evolution of carbapenemase KPC-12 and its binding free energies with β-lactams.Methods Class A beta-lactamases were divided into 2 clusters:those with carbapenemase activities and those without.Minimum Evolution method in MEGA4.1 software was used to analyze molecular evolution of class A beta-lactamases with carbapenemase activity,including KPC-2 to KPC-13,SFC-1,SME-1,IMI-1,NMC-A,and class A beta-lactamases without carbapenemase activity,including TEM-1,SHV-1.Then,tertiary structure of KPC-12 was predicted by homology modeling as reported in SWISS-MODEL database depending on tertiary structure of KPC-2.Moreover,DOCK module in ArgusLab 4.1 software was used to perform molecular docking of KPC-12 to 10 kinds of beta-lactams substrates,and the binding free energies (△ G) were calculated.Results Molecular evolution between KPC-12 and KPC-2 was the closest.The top three decline in binding free energies of β-lactams were penicillin G sodium salt (△G =-8.45149 kcal/mol),ertapenem (△G =-8.36383 kcal/mol) and ampicillin (△G =-8.19326 kcal/mol),while the last two decline in binding free energies of β-lactams were aztreonam (△G =-6.50614 kca]/mol) and clavulanic acid (△G =-6.88533 kcal/mol).Conclusion Carbapenemase KPC-12 has high catalytic activities to penicillin G sodium salt,ertapenem and ampicillin,while has low catalytic activities to aztreonam and clavulanic acid.

BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament injury accompanied by unstable rotation is a hotspot in sports medicine. Further understanding of the anatomy and biomechanics of the anterolateral ligament can play a guiding significance for the recovery of knee joint rotational stability.
OBJECTIVE:To systematicaly review current literature on the anterolateral ligament of the knee and to understand the incidence, anatomy, morphology and histology of the anterolateral ligament as wel as mechanism of anterolateral ligament injury.
METHODS: The first author searched the PubMed, Medline, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP databases for articles specificaly addressing the anterolateral ligament. Data extraction related to the incidence, anatomy, morphometry, biomechanics, and histology of the anterolateral ligament and its relation to the “Segond” fracture was performed. The retrieve time ranged from 1878 to 2015. Totaly 362 literatures were retrieved, including 342 articles in English and 20 in Chinese. According to inclusive and exclusive criteria, 42 articles were included in result analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The occurrence rate of the anterolateral ligament ranges from 83% to 100%, and this range occurs because of smal discrepancies in the definition of the bony insertions of the anterolateral ligament. The anterolateral ligament originates anterior and distal to the femoral attachment of the lateral colateral ligament. It spans the joint in an oblique fashion and inserts between the fibular head and Gerdy tubercle of the tibia. Exact anatomic and morphometric descriptions vary in the literature, and there are discrepancies regarding the anterolateral ligament attachment to the capsule and lateral meniscus. The anterolaterial ligament is a contributor to the stability of tibial internal rotation, and histologicaly, it exhibits paralel, crimped fibers consistent with a ligamentous microstructure. The footprint of the anterolateral ligament has been shown to be at the exact location of the Segond fracture. The anterolateral ligament is a distinct ligamentous structure at the anterolateral plane of the knee, and it is likely involved in the control of excessive tibial internal rotation that can cause the Segond fracture.

Objective To explore the character of ruminant thinking individuals in cold executive functions(cool EF) and hot executive functions(hot EF).Methods According to the score of rumination response scale( RRS) ,17 low-level ruminant thinking individuals and 21 high-level ruminant thinking indi-viduals were screened out and finished the classic Stroop test.Results In the cool EF,it was consistent be-tween low-level and high-level ruminant thinking individuals for color naming task response time ((10.61± 23.20)ms vs (10.79±29.32)ms),and there was no significant difference in the classic Stroop test( t=0.21, P>0.05) .In the hot EF,the respone time of the low-level group was longer than that of high-level group on the positive and negative((-5.01±22.20)ms vs (-10.88±20.33)ms;(8.78±29.96)ms vs (-8.68±19.94) ms) ,and the main effect of the emotional Stroop interference scores between positive and negative words was highly significant(F=10.88, P<0.05) .The interactive effect of emotional Stroop interference scores of words × subjects was significant(F=5.70, P<0.05) .The simple effect tests showed that the emotional Stroop interfer-ence scores between high-level and low-level ruminant thinking subjects were significant in the negative group(F=4.69, P<0.05) .And it was also significant between positive and negative words in the low-level group(F=14.63, P<0.05).Conclusion Two types of subjects in the cold EF have no significant difference. High-level ruminant thinking individuals in the cold EF are normal,but impaired in the hot EF that meaning high-level ruminant thinking individuals had bias to negative emotion.These results provide new clues for the intervention of negative emotions caused by ruminants.

AIM:To conduct the relevance analysis of serum Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) and bone mineral density (BMD) in the different ages of female populations.METHODS: The women volunteers (n=100, 20~80 years old) were selected and divided into young group (20~39 years old), middle age group (40~59 years old) and elderly group (60~80 years old).The serum levels of Dkk-1 in the 3 groups of volunteers were detected by ELISA.In the middle age group, 25 people of 45~55 years old were selected and divided into postmenopausal group and premenopausal group to de-tect the serum level of Dkk-1 in the 2 groups of volunteers by ELISA.The BMD was measured by the method of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.The differences of Dkk-1 expression levels among different ages of female populations, and the rele-vance with BMD were compared.RESULTS:With the increase in age, the serum Dkk-1 expression level increased ( P<0.05), and BMD were reduced (P<0.05).The blood level of Dkk-1 and BMD negatively correlated (P<0.05) in the 3 groups of volunteers.The serum levels of Dkk-1 and BMD had stronger negative correlation in postmenopausal women group than that in premenopausal women group.CONCLUSION:With the increase in age, the expression level of serum Dkk-1 increases and the BMD level decreases, which contribute to a risk of osteoporosis.In the same age range, the postmeno-pausal women express higher level of Dkk-1, and the decreased BMD is more obvious, which contribute to a greater risk of osteoporosis.The increased level of Dkk-1 also inhibits bone formation and promotes bone resorption.It may become a new target for preventing and treating osteoporosis.