As traditional Chinese medicine components have become a hotspot in the field of traditional Chinese medicine study, they have followed a development trend of diversity and false identification. In studies on a new modem product, we shall encourage the diversified development mode, but avoid the false concept identification of traditional Chinese medicine components. In this paper, by analyzing the current development of traditional Chinese medicine components and problems, we discussed the standardization of traditional Chinese medicine components, with the aim of reducing and avoiding the situations to study non-traditional Chinese medicine components as traditional Chinese medicine components.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; standards ; Reference Standards

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO) on axon degeneration.(Methods: Cultured) rat superior cervical ganglia were treated with DMSO(100%,10 ?l) per well to disconnect axons from the cell bodies.SCGs in DMSO control group were treated with a mixture of DMSO(10 ?l) and medium (2 ml) per well;in positive control group were transfected with herpes simplex virus over-expressing Wld~S protein and the cell body was eliminated;and in blank control group were treated with 10 ?l PBS.The separated axons were fixed with 4% poly formaldehyde at 0,4,8,12 and 24 h after treatment with DMSO for immunostaining with specific antibody to microtubulin.Thus,the changes of axonal structure were investigated.The axonal protein was collected and the degeneration of neurofilament was detected by Western Blotting.Results: In DMSO disconnected group,the axonal morphology and structure showed no obvious change at 12 h post disconnection,but slight degeneration was observed at 24 h post disconnection.The degradation of microtubulin was obviously slowed down and their axonal structures maintained intact 12 h later.The neurofilament could be detected 12 h after disconnection.The above changes in disconnected group were similar to those in positive control group.No obvious protective effects on axonal degeneration were observed in blank and DMSO control groups.Conclusion: Local high concentration of DMSO can delay axonal degeneration,which indicates that DMSO can be used for adjuvant treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical value and pathological basis of peritumoral hyperenhanced rim (PHR) of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) on CEUS.MethodsCEUS images of 53 patients with 54 renal tumors (27 RCCs,27 renal angiomyolipomas) were analyzed,and the detection and distribution of PHR were evaluated.HE staining and immunohistochemistry of CD34 were performed in tissue surrounding RCCs (TSR) to observe distribution of psuedocapsule,large vessels,and microvasculars among TSR with different modes of PHR.ResultsPHR was found only in RCCs.PHR distribution between RCCs and angiomyolipomas was statistically different (P＜0.05).Using PHR to diagnose RCC,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,false positive and false negative was 44.44％ (12/27),100％ (27/27),100％ (12/12),64.29％ (27/42),0 (0/27) and 35.71％ (15/42),respectively.Pseudocapsule distribution between RCCs with PHR and RCCs without PHR was not statistically different (P＞ 0.05).There were rich large blood vessels in TSR with PHR in washin and both phases,and few or thimbleful large vessels were found in TSR without PHR in washout phase.Cancer tissue near the boundary (CTNB) of TSR had the highest microvessel density (MVD).MVD differences in different TSR with PHR were statistically different between washin and washout phases,washin and both phases,both phases with PHR and without PHR (P＜0.05),but no statistical difference was found between washout and both phases (P＞0.05).ConclusionPHR is a highly specific complementary indicator in diagnosing RCC,and it is correlated with rich blood vessels in TSR and (or) a higher MVD value in CTNB.

Objective To discuss Buyang-huanwu decoction preventing the formation of lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after major orthopedic surgery.Methods 60 patients were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group.The treatment group was treated with oral liquid of Buyang-huanwu,twice a day; while the control group was treated with 5000IU of low molecular heparin through subcutaneous injection,once daily.Prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplatin time (APTT),fibrinogen (FIB),D-dimer,lower limb deep vein color B ultrasonic and the wound flow changes after 48 hours were observed at 1st,7th,and 14th day after medication.Results ①)Comparison on the incidence of DVT:The incidence of DVT in the treatment group was higher than the control group at 7th day after medication,this incidence turn to equal in the two groups at the 14th day after medication,while at the end of therapy,the incidence of DVT in the treatment group was lower than the control group with significant difference (P＜0.05).②Comparison on D-dimer changes:D-dimer at the 1st and 14th day were (0.782 ± 0.472) mg/1 and (0.320 ± 0.102) mg/1 in the treatment group and (0.720±0.421)mg/1 and (0.417 ± 0.217) mg/l in the control group.Comparing with the same group before treatment [the treatment group was(0.548±0.245)mg/1; the control group was (0.560±0.195) mg/l],D-dimer was increased at the 1 st day with obvious difference (P＜ 0.05),but reduced at the 14th day,without statistical difference (P＞0.05).Conclusion Buyang-huanwu decoction did not show good effects as low molecular heparin at the beginning of the treatment,but the its whole therapeutic effects and safety was better in treating lower limb deep vein thrombosis after major orthopedic surgery.

Objective:To do intelligence test in neurotics.Method:30 neurotics were tested by WAIS-RC.Results:The sub-score of digit span in neurotics was lower than norm(p

Applying combined PBL and traditional teaching method to medical chemistry experimental teaching.Questionnaire and course examination were used to evaluate teaching ef-fect.The conclusion was that PBL teaching method was more helpful and effective than that of single traditional teaching method.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Periarthritis ; therapy ; Punctures ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the effect of photochemical gene transfection on colon cancer cells mediated by polycation.Methods Based on SW480 and HT29 colon carcinoma cell culture,the intracellular localization of meso-tetraphenylporphine disulfonate(TPPS_(2a)) were observed by laser confocal scanning microscopy(LCSM).Photochemically induced cytotoxicity of TPPS_(2a) on SW480 and HT29 cell lines was evaluated by MTT assay.By flow cytometry,the light-induced transfection of EGFP plasmids mediated by PEI was studied.Results TPPS_(2a) exhibited typical vesicular localization in two colon carcinoma cell lines.The photochemical cytotoxicity based on TPPS_(2a) increased with light dose.The light dose of IC_(50) was 22 mW/cm~(2) for 6 min for SW480 cells and for 12 min for HT29 cells(wavelength: 405 nm).The light treatment based on TPPS_(2a) induced an increase in transfection efficiency to(29.61?1.15) for SW480 cells and(23.47?0.62) for HT29 cells(P

The Qinghai⁃Tibet Plateau is known as one of the highest endemic areas of echinococcosis However，the dog infection rates of Echinococcus granulosus in the plateau regions were similar to other non⁃Tibetan areas with the high endemic，and most of the rates were below 40%. The infected dogs with E. multilocularis were ubiquitous in Ganzi Prefecture of Sichuan Province and Qinghai Province where many survey data were done and available，which was much different from those in non⁃Ti⁃betan areas where the geographical distribution of dogs infected with E. multilocularis was sporadic. The total infection rates of Echinococcus in dogs kept stable from 1983 to 2009 in Ganzi Prefecture of Sichuan Province and did not show much variation from 2000 to 2014 in Qinghai Province as well. Since 2006，the national comprehensive prevention and control strategy and mea⁃ sures against echinococcosis have been launched in China，and significant progress has been made. In the endemic Tibetan area of Sichuan，the general Echinococcus infection rates in dogs were 28.10%，15.87%，19.22%，3.28% and 1.11% from 2009 to 2013，respectively，and the Echinococcus coproantigen⁃positive rate in Gannan Prefecture of Gansu Province and parts of Qing⁃ hai Province also decreased. This paper reviews the literature on the characteristics of dog infections in the Qinghai⁃Tibetan Plateau，so as to provide useful information to support echinococcosis control and prevention there.

BACKGROUND:Stem cel s with wide variety of sources have the potential of differentiation and self-renewal. In additional, autologous stem cel s can avoid immune rejection after transplantation, and thus it has become one of the most promising alternative strategies for tissue/organ transplantation. However, due to the adverse environments at injured sites, such as oxidative stress and inflammation, current stem cel transplantation efficacy is relatively low. OBJECTIVE:To review the effects of oxidative stress on stem cel s and on their transplantation efficiency as wel as relevant mechanisms. METHODS:PubMed database was searched by the first author for relevant articles about stem cel s published from 1990 to 2015. The keywords were“stem cel transplantation, stem cel , oxidative stress, molecular mechanism”. After eliminating literatures which had poor authority or similar content, 97 articles were involved in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Different types of stem cel s have different basal endogenous antioxidant stress levels. Oxidative stress through multiple molecular pathways causes cel aging, apoptosis and cancer, which also can result in apoptosis of cancer cel s. Stem cel s can adjust endogenous antioxidant levels through multiple paths. To improve the endogenous antioxidant stress level using a variety of methods can increase stem cel transplantation efficiency and prevent stem cel cancerization due to oxidative stress, which makes the clinical application of stem cel transplantation therapy safer and more popular.