Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Diabetes Complications ; prevention & control ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; therapy ; Humans ; Risk Factors

Endophthalmitis ; complications ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Meningoencephalitis ; complications ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Suppuration ; complications

Objective To investigate the pathogen distribution and drug sensitivity in childhood bacillary dysentery,and to guide clinically the selection of reasonable antibiotics.Methods Bacterial drug susceptibility test was performed by standard Kirby-Bauer method.The results were interpreted according to NCCLS 2002.Results Of the 98 cases,there were two types of positive bacterial species:sh.flexneri(n = 77)and sh.sonnei(n = 21).Both sh.flexneri and sh.sonnei were sensitive to cefoperazone,eeftazidime,ceftriaxone,cefoperazone/sulbactam and fura- zolidone,and insensitive to ampicillin and co-trimoxazole.Conclusion sh.flexneri was the major pathogen of child- hood bacillary dysentery.The third generation cephalosporins were the first choice for shigella infections.

Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; pathology ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck

Objective To unveil the current situation and bends of Keshan disease in Pingliang city of Gansu province, to evaluate the outcome of related prevention and control measures, and to provide scientific basis for further prevention and treatment of the disease. Methods According to the "the central allowance local public health special funds endemic disease prevention programs grams mountain monitoring programme" and "the diagnostic criteria for Keshan disease" (GB 17021-1997), between 2007 and 2009, local residents from nine monitoring points in Pingliang city of Gansu province were clinically examined, and electrocardiography(ECG) tracings and Xray were taken of suspected cases. Corn, wheat samples and hair samples of children, adults and women were collected, and selenium content of these samples was determined by 2.3-2-amino-naphthalene fluorescence method. Results A total of 5846 residents were surveyed in 3 years, 247 cases of Keshan patients were detected, with a detection rate of 4.23%(247/5846), of which potential cases of Keshan disease 214, the detection rate was 3.66% (214/5846); chronic Keshan disease 33 cases, the detection rate was 0.56% (33/5846); no acute type and subacute Keshan disease detected. A total of 764 abnormal ECG cases were detected, and abnormal detection rate was 13.07%(764/5846). Two hundred and seven cases of suspected patients were examined by chest X-ray, 80 cardiac enlargement cases were detected, the detection rate was 38.6% (80/207). The 262 hair samples of children, adults and women were analyzed, hair selenium was (0.279 ± 0.098)mg/kg. Of the 9 corn and 31 wheat samples collected, corn selenium was (0.0079 ± 0.0029)mg/kg; wheat selenium was (0.0104 ± 0.0078)mg/kg. Conclusions Overall Keshan disease is in a stable and subsided trend in Pingliang city of Gansu province, but there are still a number of potential chronic types, sporadic new cases, suggesting that the disease monitoring, comprehensive prevention and treatment of the patients are the focus.

Objective:To explore the effect of extracorporeal shock wave combined with meloxicam tablets on joint function and serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and resistin levels in elderly patients with osteoarthritis.Methods:80 cases of elderly patients with osteoarthritis in Nanchong Central Hospital from May 2016 to March 2019 were selected as the research objects, and they were randomly divided into two groups, 40 cases in each group. The control group was given conventional oral medicine (meloxicam + potassium glucosamine sulfate tablets), and the observation group was given meloxicam tablets combined with extracorporeal shock wave therapy. The total effective rate, incidence of adverse reactions, and the scores of osteoarthritis symptoms (WOMCA), joint function (Lysholm), serum MMP-9 and resistin before and after 8 weeks' treatment were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment, the WOMCA score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, and Lysholm score was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05); the total effective rate of the observation group (95.00%) was higher than of the control group (77.50%) ( P<0.05); the serum resistin and MMP-9 levels of the observation group were lower than those of the control group after treatment ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the observation group (15.00%) and the control group (17.50%) ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Extracorporeal shock wave combined with meloxicam tablets in the treatment of elderly patients with osteoarthritis can significantly improve the clinical symptoms, promote the recovery of joint function, reduce the levels of serum resistin and MMP-9, and further improve the treatment effect with high safety.

italic>γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a crucial inhibitory neurotransmitter found in various cells in the human body. While the GABAergic system is typically associated with the nervous system, recent research has revealed that immune cells and tumor cells also express components of this system. In the tumor microenvironment (TME), GABA is secreted to act extracellularly on other cells. GABA is metabolized via the GABA shunt and is involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle by generating succinate, which can provide energy for tumor cells. Activation of GABA receptors (GABARs) is a major pathway through which GABA participates in the regulation of antitumor immune responses. The activation of GABA type A receptors (GABA_ARs) can inhibit the activation and proliferation of T cells, elicit anti-inflammatory macrophages, and promote tumor cell growth and migration, while activation of GABA type B receptors (GABA_BRs) is generally considered to inhibit cancer cell migration and induce cancer cell apoptosis. In general, receptor activation inhibits immune cells, but the effect on tumor cells varies. Additionally, the downregulation of the expression levels of GABA transporters (GATs) is involved in tumor progression. Although antagonists of GABA metabolism and drugs that act on GABA receptors are considered therapeutic drugs for tumors, there have been few clinical studies conducted on them.

Calcium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Drug Antagonism ; Humans ; Kidney ; cytology ; drug effects ; Lead ; toxicity

BACKGROUND: It has been reported tbat there are rich expressions of serotonin transporter (5-HTT) in the cortical and limbic regions related to emotion and behavior in cerebrum. Regulation of the intensity and persistence of serotonergic nerve response can change the serotonergic neurotransmission, meanwhile, 5-HTT is also an important target for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).OBJECTIVE: To observe whether there is a correlation of 5-HTT gene polymorphism with plasma level of 5-HT and the clinical response of SSRIs in the population of Nanjing area.DESIGN: A case-control observation.SETTING: Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 132 inpatients with depression in the Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and 100 volunteer healthy blood donors were taken as the observational subjects between January 2001 and December 2003.METHODS: The genotype was analyzed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) polymorphism analysis in the patients with depression and healthy subjects; plasma level of 5-HT was analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography-electrical chemistry detector (HPLC-ECD); and the clinical response to the antidepressants were assessed with Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The analytical results of 5-HTT genotype frequency and allele frequency in both groups, and the relationship between 5-HTT genotype and plasma level of 5-HT before and after SSRIs treatment were observed.RESULTS: Blood samples were collected from all the 132 patients with depression and 100 normal healthy subjects, and they all finished the scale test and entered the analysis of results. ① There were no significant differences between the depression group and normal control group in the 5-HTT gene genotype frequencies (LL: 24.2%, LS: 44.7%, SS31.1%; LL:29.0%, LS: 47.0%, SS: 24.0%, x2=1.405 8, P ＞ 0.05) and allelefrequencies (L:46.59%, S: 53.41%; L: 52.5%, S: 47.5%, x2=0.696 2, P ＞ 0.05). ② The total score of HAMD had significant differences before treatment among the depressive patients of different genotypes (F=6.48, P=0.002 1). After 4-week treatment of SSRIs antidepressants, the total score of HAMD was significantly decreased, and there was significant difference in the decrease of score (F=3.38, P= 0.037). ③ The plasma level of 5-HT had significant differences before treatment among the depressive patients of different genotypes (F=5.38,P= 0.005 7). After 4-week treatment of SSRIs antidepressants, the plasma level of 5-HT was increased, and the increased level was significantly different among different genotypes (F=23.55, P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: The 5-HTT polymorphism may be not associated with the attack of depression, but with the severity of depression and the clinical responses of SSRIs in the population of Nanjing area, and the genotype in this area may become a reference index for the realization of individualized treatment in patients with depression.

BACKGROUND: Monoamine hypothesis has been demonstrated by researches. However, the correlation between the metabolite of plasma monoamine neurotransmitter and anti-depression treatment in patients with depression has less been reported.OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of different drugs on metabolite of plaama monoamine neurotransmitter, and the correlation between the metabolite of plasma monoamine neurotransmitter and anti-depression treatment in patients with depression.DESIGN: Case controlled study.SETTING: Neurological Department and Brain Institute of Nanjing Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Forty patients with depression hospitalized in Nanjing Brain Hospital (depression group) were diagnosed with the second revised edition of China classification of mental diseases(CCMD-2) and the tenth edition of International classification of diseases. And the total score of Hanmilton rating scale for depression(HAMD) was more than 17. Healthy voluntary blood donators in the control group were from Nanjing Municipal Central Blood Station( n = 20).INTERVENTIONS: Antidepressant was used in the depression for 4 weeks: fluoxetine 20 mg per day; 5-serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) paroxetine 20 mg per day; venlafaxime 50- 100 mg per day;5-serotonin and morepinephrine selective reuptake inhibitor(SNRI) fluvoxamine 50-100 mg per day. High performance liquid chromatograpy(HPLC)was used to measure the level of metabolite of plasma monoamine neurotransmitter in patients with depression before and 42 week after treatment, and the HAMD was used to evaluate clinical effect of the patients.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The levels of metabolites of plasma monoamine neurotransmitters in patients with depression: 5-hydroxyindoleace tic acid(5-HIAA), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol(MHPG) and homovani llic acid(HVA) were measured before and 4th week after treatment.RESULTS: The levels of 5-HIAA, MHPG and HVA of the metabolites of plasma monoamine neurotransmitters in patients with depression before treatment [ (20.3±14.6), (124.8±103.6), (54.7±32.1) μg/L] were all lower than those in the normal control group[ (39.5±28.4), (334.5 ±107.3), (88.5±37.2) μg/L], with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05). After SSRI treatment, the 5-HIAA content[ (37.1±21.9)μg/L]was significantly increased as compared with that before treatment, whose difference indicated significant meaning ( P＜0.05), but the differences in MHPG and HVA had no significant meaning as compared with those before treatment(P＞0.05) . After SNRI treatment, 5-HIAA and MHPG contents [(35.4±25.2 ), (291.2±120.4) μg/L] both were significantly increased, which indicated significant difference as compared with those before treatment( P＜0.05); but HVA level had no significant changes.CONCLUSION:'The peripheral neurotransmitter metabolites in plasma can reflect their states in brain. The change of neurotransmitter metabolite in plasma can be regarded as an important reference index for the evaluation of depression.