OBJECTIVE: To investigate the stability of baicalein-7-O-diglucoside. METHODS: The chromatographic purity of baicalein-7-O-diglucoside and its solution in different condition was analyzed by HPLC-DAD. The degradation products of baicalein-7-O-diglucoside in its solvent were identified by LC-MS. Three degradation products in the solvent of baicalein-7-O-diglucoside were identified with applying electrospray ionization(ESI) source in the positive ion mode.RESULTS: ① Baicalein-7-O-diglucoside was stable with light and in 40, 80 and 105 ℃ within the inspection time in solid state. ②Baicalein-7-O-diglucoside in water was stable in room temperature and degrades quickly in 50%methanol and 50% ethanol. ③The degradation products of baicalein-7-O-diglucoside in solvent were 7-methoxy baicalein, 7-ethoxy baicalein and baicalein. The above research provides that baicalein-7-O-diglucoside is stable in solid state. Baicalein-7-O-diglucoside degrades in 50% methanol and 50% ethanol. CONCLUSION: Water should be used as the solvent for solution of baicalein-7-O-diglucoside. The solution of baicalein-7-O-diglucoside should be made up before use or stored in the refrigerator immediately after preparation.

Calculus Bovis is the dry gall-stone of Bos taurus domesticus Gmelin, which is the most precious traditional Chinese medicine for its incomparable therapeutic effects. In vitro cultured Calculus Bovis,cultured Calculus Bovis and artificial Calculus Bovis are developed as the substitutes of Calculus Bovis. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 edition includes 89 Chinese patent drugs containing cow-bezoar and its substitutes. In this paper, the standards of Calculus Bovis and its substitutes in 89 Chinese patent drugs were reviewed to provide suggestions and reference for improving the relative standards. The qualities of Calculus Bovis and its substitutes of several Chinese patent drugs were summarized and analyzed based on the quality research of these drugs in recent years to offer suggestions for the revision of quality standards of relevant drugs and regulatory policy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality status of Sanqi Shangyao tablets. METHODS: Based on the results of statutory inspection and exploratory research, the quality evaluation regarding authenticity, effectiveness, and safety, was carried out. RESULTS: The qualified rate of inspection was 98.8%. Some problems, such as inconsistency of preparation process of standards and illegal dying, were discovered in some samples. CONCLUSION: In general, the overall quality of Sanqi Shangyao tablets is good. Some deficiency in the quality standards deserves further concern.

OBJECTIVE: To study nucleosides in Safflower injection. METHODS: Nucleosides in Safflower injection were identified by LC-MS. The separation was performed on Phenomenex Gemini-C18 column. Gradient elution was carried out with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.05% trifluoroacetic acid. Electrospray ionization source was applied and operated in the positive ion mode. Four nucleosides in Safflower injection were simultaneously determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column. The mobile phase was 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution at the flow rate of 0.4 mL·min-1. The assay was carried out at 40 °C with detection at 260 nm. RESULTS: Adenosine, guanosine, uridine and cytidine in safflower injection were identified. The relationship between the injection quality and the peak areas of the four nucleosides was all linear. The average recoveries (n=6) were in the range of 99.0%-101.4% and the RSDS were all less than 1.5%. The contents of the four nucleosides in tested samples were in the field of 0.033-0.162, 0.008-0.052, 0.048-0.184 and 0.031-0.064 mg·mL-1. CONCLUSION: There are four nucleosides in safflower injection. The contents of adenosine and uridine are relatively high. There was significant difference in the contents of the tested samples.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; genetics ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Leukemia ; physiopathology ; Male ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Vault Ribonucleoprotein Particles ; genetics

Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; complications

Abnormalities, Multiple ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Twins, Conjoined ; pathology ; surgery

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoid Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Child ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Common Bile Duct ; pathology ; surgery ; Common Bile Duct Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Duodenum ; pathology ; surgery ; Gallbladder ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Lymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Stomach ; pathology ; surgery ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism

Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive ; pathology ; Orbital Neoplasms ; pathology

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Adrenalectomy ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ganglioneuroblastoma ; pathology ; Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary ; Hodgkin Disease ; pathology ; Humans ; Leukemia ; pathology ; Male