Objective To confirm the clinically suspected pertussis cases (＜ 1 years old) through laboratory methods.Methods From December,2011 to December,2012,patients with clinically suspected pertussis from Xi'an Children's Hospital were sampled,with their nasopharyngeal swabs collected,blood samples cultured and pertussis toxin IgG detected by PCR.Results were analyzed,using SPSS 16.0 software.Results 100 out of the 148 cases were laboratorially confirmed.3,88 and 34 cases were positive,through culture,PCR or pertussis toxin IgG respectively.22 cases were both PCR and pertussis toxin IgG positive.There were significant differences between the results of IS481 PCR,days from the onset of symptoms (P＜0.01) and results of PT-IgG with the days from onset of symptoms (P＜0.01).Conclusion Since the sensitivity of culture on pertussis was low,diagnosis on the disease should be linked to the results from PCR,PT-IgG and the days from onset of symptoms.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features of children with influenza A virus infection and neurological symptoms. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of children with laboratory-confirmed influenza A and neurological symptoms who were treated in Xi'an Children's Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University from January to December, 2019. RESULTS: A total of 895 children were diagnosed with influenza A, among whom 291 had neurological symptoms. Boys had a significantly higher incidence rate of influenza A than girls ( CONCLUSIONS There is a high incidence rate of neurological symptoms in children with influenza A, and seizures are the most common symptom. Most of the patients with neurological symptoms tend to have a good prognosis, but those with ANE may have a poor prognosis.
Brain Diseases ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Influenza A virus ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology* ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of Wilson's disease (WD) with onset of acute liver failure (ALF) in children. Methods: Clinical data of 19 children diagnosed with WD presented with ALF in Xi'an Children's Hospital from January 2016 to April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including general condition, clinical manifestation, laboratory examination, and gene detection. The children were divided into the death group and survival group according to the clinical outcome. The children who had hepatic WD with non-ALF onset during the same period were selected as the control. The general conditions and laboratory indexes were compared between death group and survival group, ALF group and non-ALF group. T-test, Mann Whitney U test or χ² test were used to compare the differences between the two groups. Results: Of the 19 WD children with ALF onset, 10 were females and 9 were males. The age of admission was (10.1±2.6) years and time to onset of first visit was 9 (4, 15) days. Among the WD children with ALF onset, 4 children were lost to follow-up, 5 cases death (death group) and 10 cases survived (survival group). The ceruloplasmin in the death group was higher than that in the survival group (0.078 (0.055, 0.105) vs. 0.033 (0.027, 0.058) g/L, Z=-2.33, P=0.020). There were 95 children who had hepatic WD with non-ALF onset. The WD patients with ALF onset were older at admission (9.9 (8.0, 11.1) vs. 5.4 (3.7, 6.9) years, Z=-5.25, P<0.001), had higher ceruloplasmin (0.060 (0.030, 0.078) vs. 0.024 (0.006, 0.060) g/L, Z=-3.11, P=0.002), 24 h urinary copper (674 (205, 1 803) vs. 149 (108, 206) μg, Z=-4.25, P<0.001), and positive rate of K-F ring [17/19 vs. 7%(7/95), χ²=50.17, P<0.001] while shorter onset time at initial visit (0.3 (0.1, 0.5) vs. 1.0 (0.7, 6.0) months, Z=-4.28, P<0.001). There was no gender difference between the two groups [9/19 vs. 61%(58/95), χ²=1.22, P=0.269]. Of the 19 WD children with ALF onset, 13 had the ATP7B gene tested, and 15 reported variants were detected. The main variations were c.2333G>T (p. Arg778Leu), c.2621C>T (p. Ala874Val) and c.2975C>T (p. Pro992Leu). The allele frequencies were 6/26(23%), 4/26(15%) and 3/26(12%), respectively. Conclusions: Children of WD onset with ALF are school-aged and above. They have an acute onset, a short course of the disease, and poor prognosis. The positive rate of K-F ring, ceruloplasmin and urinary copper are higher than those of the hepatic WD children with non-ALF onset.
Ceruloplasmin/metabolism* ; Child ; Copper/metabolism* ; Female ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration/genetics* ; Humans ; Liver Failure, Acute/therapy* ; Male ; Retrospective Studies