Objective To study the radiosensitization of histone deaeetylases inhibitor(HDACI) panobinistat in prostate cancer cells in vitro,as well as the possible mechanisms.Methods IC20 of two prostate cancer cell lines(LNCaP and PC-3)was determined using MTI assay.Cells received a single dose irradiation of 0,2,4,6,or 8 Gy using 6 MV X-ray for radiosensitivity experiment,but only 2 Gy for western blot and flow cytometry.Radiosensitization of panobinostat was investigated with clonogenic assay,and sensitizing enhancement ratio(SER)was calculated with single-hit multi-target model.Western blot was used to compare γH2AX expression.Flowcytomctry was used to detect the cell cycle distribution.Results IC20 of LNCaP and PC-3 was 2.5 and 10.0 μmol/L,respectively.SER of panobinostat at IC20 was 1.37(D0 ratio)and 1.11(Dq ratio)for LNCaP cells,and 1.78(D0 ratio)and 1.17(Dq ratio)for PC-3 cells.Expression of γH2AX gradually decreased in the 2 Gy irradiation-alone cells standing for the DSB repair,while γH2AX expression was persistent in the combination group.Irradiation triggered a G2/M arrest 6-12 hours after irradiation in LNCaP and PC-3 cells.G2/M arrest was observed when cells were treated with panobinostat for 24 hours,however,no significant change concerning cell cycle distribution was showed when cells received further irradiation.Conclusions Panobinostat Call radiosensitize prostate cancer cells,which may be related with increased DNA DSB,inhibition of DSB repair and attenuation of cell cycle modulation after irradiation.

Objective To re-evaluate the prognostic value of the 6th edition of UICC/AJCC staging system in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with intensity-medulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Methods From February 2001 to March 2007, Clinical data of 570 NPC patients initially treated with IMRT in Cancer Center of Sun yat-sen University were reviewed and the long-term survival was analyzed according to T, N and overall stages. Results The median follow-up was 42 months. 184 patients were followed up to 5 years. The 5-year local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and overall survival (OS) of the whole group were 93. 0%, 85.4% and 83. 3% ,respectively. No statistically significant difference of LRFS was detected between the either two of stage T_1, T_(2a) and T_(2b)(100%, 100% and 94. 5% ;T_1 vs. T_(2b), χ~2 = 1.92, P =0. 166 ;T_(2a) vs. T_(2b), χ~2= 0. 35, P =0. 555), stage T_(2b) and T_3 (94. 5% and 91.3% ;χ~2 = 2. 62, P = 0. 106), or stage T_3 and T_4 (91.3% and 89. 5% ; χ~2 = 1.55, P =0. 214). The 5-year DMFS of stage N_2 was similar with stage N_1 or stage N_3(80. 2%, 86. 2% and 61. 4% ; N_2 vs. N_1, χ~2=2.22, P=0.136;N_2 vs. N_3, χ~2= 1.92, P=0.165). No statistically significant difference of 5-year OS was observed among stage Ⅰ , Ⅱ_a and Ⅱ_b(91.7%, 100% and 95. 3% ; Ⅰ vs. Ⅱ_b χ~2 =0.32, P=0.574;Ⅱ_a vs. Ⅱ_b,χ~2-0.25, P=0.617), or between Ⅳ. And Ⅳ_b(67.9% and 75. 0% ;χ~2 = 0.25, P = 0. 616). Conclusions The 6th edition of UICC/AJCC staging system shows poor predictive value for the long-term survival of NPC patients treated with IMRT.

Adult ; Calcinosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Cysts ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Vessel Tumors ; pathology ; Mucocele ; pathology ; Parasitic Diseases ; pathology ; Spleen ; diagnostic imaging ; Splenectomy ; Splenic Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To observe the influence of patient′s age, and the number of transferred-good-quality-embryos on multiple gestation rates in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET) cycles. Methods In this retrospective study, a total of 4395 patients who transferred fresh embryo between Jan 2004 and Nov 2006 was analyzed. According to the age, the patients were divided into 2 groups: aged < 35 (3442 cycles) or aged ≥135(953 cycles). We regularly transferred 2 -3 embryos. If the patients had only one embryo, one was transferred. And those patients who had only 2 embryos, even if they were more than 35 years old or it would be the second time for them to transfer, were transferred 2 embryos. The influence of female age and the number of good quality embryos transferred on the multiple gestation rates in IVF-ET cycle was analyzed. Results (1)The multiple gestation rate of the groups of 1 good quality embryo,2 good quality embryos, or 3 good quality embryos transferred were 21.08% (35/166), 31.41% (413/1315), and 42. 37% (75/177), respectively in women aged < 35, with a significant difference between them. The pregnancy rates of these groups were 29. 64% (166/560) ,51.63% (1315/2547) ,and 52. 84% (177/335), respectively; there were no significant differences between 2 good quality embryos transferred group and 3 good quality embryos transferred group. (2) The multiple gestation rates of the groups of 1 good quality embryo,2 good quality embryos, or 3 good quality embryos transferred were 19. 51% (8/41) ,20. 65% (19/ 92) ,and 40.66% (74/182), respectively, in women aged ≥ 35; there were no significant differences between 1 good quality embryo transferred group and 2 good quality embryos transferred group. The pregnancy rates of these groups were 19. 07% (41/215), 33.70% (92/273), and 39. 14% (182/465), respectively; there were no significant differences between 2 good quality embryos transferred group and 3 good quality embryos transferred group. (3) The pregnancy rate of the patients aged <35 [48. 17% ( 1658/ 3442) ]was significantly higher than in women aged ≥35[33.05% (315/953) ]. Conclusion The transfer of 2 good quality embryos results in similar pregnancy rates and significantly reduced multiple gestation rates when compared to the transfer of 3 good quality embryos in women regardless of their ages.

Objective To report the clinical outcome and prognostic factors for locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)treated with intensity modulated radiotherapy(IMRT).Methods From January 2001 to August 2004,the data of 132 such NPC patients were analyzed retrospectively;104 male and 28 female with a median of 44.5 years(range 21-73 years).Ninety-eight patients(74.2%)were confirmed by biopsy as having NPC:9 with WHO TypeⅡand 89 WHO TypeⅢ.The other 34 patients were only diagnosed by MRI scan because of the extension/invasion was in the base of skull and/or cavernous sinus.Median interval time were 24 months(range 6-184 months).According to the 1992 Chinese Fuzhou Staging System:stageⅠ3.8 %,Ⅱ10.6 %,Ⅲ22.0% andⅣa 63.6%;T1 5.3%,T2 10.6%,T3 22.7% and T4 55.3%.Twenty-two patients had recurrence in the neck lymph nodes.IMRT was given with the sequential tomotherapy system(NOMOS Peacock systems)of 6 MV X-rays.Prescription dose was 60-70 Gy in GTV,with the fractional dose of 1.94-2.8 Gy.Sixty patients were also supplemented with two to six courses of cisplatin-based chemotherapy.Results The median volume of GTV was 39.5 cm~3(range 0.8-158.9 cm~3).The D95,V95,mean dose and fractionation dose of GTV was 66.9 Gy,98.3%,69.8 Gy and 2.32 Gy,respectively.The median follow-up time was 12 months(range,2-47 months).The 1-,2-and 3-year local progression-free rate was 96.4%,88.4% and 85.3%,respectively.The overall 1-,2-and 3-year survival rate was 6.5.9%,49.6% and 41.6%,respectively.Eleven patients developed distant metastases.Forty-seven patients were observed to devdop mucosa necrosis and/or massive hemorrhage in the nasopharynx.On univariate and multivariate analysis,fractional dose and vohane of GTV were significant prognostic factors for overall survival(P=0.016,0.009).Conclusions The local control and survival rate can be improved for patients with locally recurrent nasopharygeal carcinoma after treatment of intensity modulated radiotherapy.The fractional dose and volume of GTV are independent prognostic factors for the overall survival. The main death reasons are mucosa necrosis and/or massive hemorrhage in the nasopharynx.

The high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence micelle assay (HPLC-FMA) method for the content determination of polysorbate 80 in monoclonal antibody drugs was validated to study its applicability and transferability between various laboratories, and the feasibility to be included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Both J.T. Baker and Nanjing Well-sourced polysorbate 80 was used in the collaborative validation of polysorbate 80 content analysis in seven different laboratories. The results show that when the protein concentration was no more than 20 mg·mL^-1 and the concentration of polysorbate 80 ranged from 0.05 to 0.5 mg·mL^-1, the method had good specificity. The recovery rates of the spiked samples ranged from 92.20% to 117.70% for J.T.Baker and from 93.90% to 117.20% for Nanjing Well. The intra-laboratory precision (%RSD) was less than 4.30% for J.T. Baker, and less than 2.60% for Nanjing Well, while the overall precision was less than 5.45% for J.T. Baker, and less than 6.70% for Nanjing Well. The linear correlation coefficient was more than 0.98 for J.T. Baker and more than 0.99 for Nanjing Well. The results of the collaborative validation prove that the HPLC-FMA method has good accuracy, precision, linearity, and specificity, and could be used for release control analysis of polysorbate 80 content in monoclonal antibodies across different laboratories.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the influence of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) on tumor regression in primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods 272 patients with NPC received radical radiotherapy alone,196 by IMRT with a total treatment time of 6 weeks,and 76 by bilateral field conventional radiotherapy (CRT) with the total treatment timc of 7 weeks.Results By the end of radiotherapy,the primary tumor and neck lymph node residual rates of the IMRT group were 36.7％ and 44.2％,respectively,both significantly higher than those of the GRT group (21.1％ and 26.6％,x2 =6.15,3.99,P ＜ 0.05).Three months after the radiotherapy,residual lesions were observed at the nasopharynx or neck lymph nodes in 12 of the IMRT group,with a residual rate of 6.1％,not significantly different from that of the CRT group (9.2％,7/76).The 12 residual lesions of the IMRT group all vanished completely 4 -9 months after the radiotherapy.Conclusions There is an obvious difference in regressive mode between IMRT and CRT technique in NPC treatment.At the end of IMRT,the tumor residual rate is slightly increased.However,the delivered dose of gross tumor volume (GTV) is sufficient,and the boost dose should not be delivered indiscreetly.

Objective To investigate the long-term outcomes of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in different stages treated by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and explore their treatment strategies.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 868 NPC patients without distant metastasis who received radical IMRT from May 2001 to October 2008.These patients were divided into early N0 (T1-2N0) group (n =137),early N1 (T1-2N1) group (n =129),locally advanced (T3-4N0-1) group (n =322),regionally advanced (T1-2 N2-3) group (n=107),and locoregionally advanced (T3-4 N2-3) group (n =173).There groups were compared in terms of treatment outcome and treatment strategy.Results The follow-up rate was 91.4％,and 314 patients completed 5-years follow-up.The 5-year overall survival rate,local recurrence-free rate,and distant metastasis-free rate (DMFR) were 83.5％,91.8％,and 84.6％,respectively.The early N0 group had the best treatment outcome,with a 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rate up to 99.1％.Each group had a similar outcome after receiving either IMRT alone or IMRT combined with chemotherapy.The locally advanced group and regionally advanced group had similar failure patterns and treatment outcomes.The locoregionally advanced group had the worst treatment outcome,with a 5-year DMFR of 67.2％ and a DSS of 68.0％.The regionally advanced group and locoregionally advanced group had a similar treatment outcome after receiving IMRT alone,induction chemotherapy plus IMRT,or concurrent chemotherapy and IMRT.Conclusions Patients with NPC in different stages have different survival outcomes.It is recommended that different treatment strategies should be adopted according to the T and N stages of NPC.IMRT alone can produce satisfactory results in patients with T1-2N0 NPC,but a more effective medication should be added to IMRT in patients with advanced NPC,particularly those with T3-4N2-3 NPC who have a relatively low DMFR.

Objective To modify the methods of operation and establishment of cerebral ischemia rat models made by thread occlusion. Method We randomly divided 120 male SD rats into a common group (n = 50), an improvement group (n = 60) and a sham-operated group (n - 10). Rats in the common and improvement groups were made into models using the common and improvement methods separately. All models were evaluated on the basis of physical sign indices and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The TTC staining results were taken as gold standards. Then, we compared the achievement ratios of the two groups, and computed the sensitivity and specificity of every physical sign index based on these standards. The χ~2 or correction χ~2 test was used to compare the ratios. Results (1) The achievement ratio in the improvement group was significantly higher than that in the common group (71.67% vs. 52.00%, P = 0.034). (2) The sensitivity of evaluation for both common and improvement methods was 98.55%. However, the specificity of evaluation for the improvement method was significantly higher than that for the common method (100.00% vs. 40.00%, P =0.000). Conclusions The establishment achievement ratio and evaluation correctness of models are obviously elevated by modification of the operation and establishment methods.

Objective To analyze the treatment result of radiotherapy alone for patients with early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and discuss the impact of T and N stages on the prognois. Methods From January 1999 to December 2001, clinical data of 362 patients with early stage (T1-2N0-1M0,92'Fuzhou staging system) NPC treated by radiotherapy alone were reviewed. Results Median follow-up time was 70 months. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of the whole group was 85%. The 5-year OS rates of patients with T1N0,T2N0 and T1N1 disease were 96.6% ,91.3% and 85.8% ,which were not statistically different ( χ2 = 3.83, P ＞ 0.05). The 5-year OS rate of those with T2N1 disease was 73.1%,which was sta tistically different from the former three groups ( χ2 = 30.0 ,P ＜ 0.05 ). The 5-year local-recurrence free sur vival and 5-year regional-recurrence free survival rates had no significant difference among the four groups.The 5-year distant-metastasis free survival rates of the former three, groups were 94.9% ,97.5% and 95.6% (χ2 = 0.53, P ＞0.05). The rate of patients with T2N1 disease was 81.2%, which was significantly different from the others (χ2 =26.6,P 0.05).Conclusions Radiotherapy alone for T1N0,T2N0 and T1N1 naso pharyngeal carcinoma has a satisfactory result. With more failure of distant metastasis, patients with T2N1 disease has obviously poorer outcome than the others. Patients who have high risk of distant metastasis may need combined treatment instead of radiotherapy alone in the future study.