Objective:To investigate the protective effect of N-acetylcysteine(NAC)on right ventricular remodeling in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension ( PAH ) .Methods: PAH rats were induced by a single injection of monocrotaline(60 mg/kg,sc)and were ad ministered with NAC[500 mg/(kg? d)]for 6 weeks.At the end of 4 weeks,the right ventricular systolic pressure ( RVSP ) and mean pulmonary artery pressure ( mPAP ) were monitored via the right jugular vein catheterization into the right ventricle .Right ventricle ( RV ) to left ventricle ( LV )+septum ( S ) were calculated.Right ventricular morphological change was observed by HE staining .Sirius red was used to demonstrate collagen deposition .The expressions of collagenⅠ,collagen Ⅲ, NADPH oxidase 4 ( NOX4 ) and nuclear factor-kappa B ( NF-κB ) were analyzed by RT-PCR and ( or ) Western blot.Results:NAC attenuated RVSP ,mPAP and right ventricular remodeling index ( RV/LV+S) of PAH rats induced by monocrotaline after treatment for 4 weeks.Furthermore ,monocrotaline-induced right ventricular collagen accumulation and collagen Ⅰand collagenⅢexpression were both significantly suppressed by NAC .The expressions of NOX 4 and NF-κB were obviously decreased in right ventricule from PAH rats with NAC treatment.Conclusion:NAC ameliorates right ventricular remodeling of PAH induced by monocrotaline in rats through down regulating the expression of NOX 4 and antioxidant activity ,and inhibiting activation of NF-κB and collagen accumulation .

Objective To study the effects of mild hypothemia therapy on coagulatic-fibrinolytic functions of the severe head injury patients.Methods 35 severe head injured patients from Jan 1998 to May 2000 were treated by mild hypothermia therapy and compared with past 30 patients.All patients's coagulate and fibrinolytic index was measured.Results All patients have coagulate- fibrinolytic disorders, mild hypothermia therapy can reduce consume of coagulate factors and inhibit secondary fibrinolytic function.Conclusion Mild hypothermia therapy is important to the severe head injury patients.

Objective To analyze the outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with esophageal cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy.Methods A total of 135 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled in the clinical study from January 2008 to June 2015.The patients were treated with two-dimensional radiotherapy (56 patients) or three-dimensional radiotherapy (79 patients).The radiotherapy was delivered at a total dose of 60-64 Gy (1.8-2.0 Gy per fraction).The concurrent chemotherapy regimen consisted of fluorouracil plus cisplatin or paclitaxel plus cisplatin and was performed on days 1 and day 29 of radiotherapy.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate overall survival (OS)and progression-free survival (PFS) rates,the log-rank test was used for survival difference analysis and univariate prognostic analysis,and the Cox model was used for multivariate prognostic analysis.Results The 1-,3-,and 5-year sample sizes were 96,31,16,respectively.The 1-,3-,and 5-year OS rates were 74.0％,39.0％,and 28.6％,respectively;the median OS time was 25 months.The 1-,3-,and 5-year PFS rates were 57.3％,27.3％,and 16.6％,respectively;the median PFS time was 15 months.The univariate analysis indicated that clinical stage,radiotherapy method,and M stage were prognostic factors for OS and PFS (P =0.006,0.000,and 0.032;P=0.017,0.004,and O.000).The multivariate analysis showed that clinical stage and radiotherapy method were independent prognostic factors for OS and PFS (P=0.006 and 0.000;P =0.033 and 0.023).Conclusions For non-surgical treatment of patients with esophageal cancer,concurrent chemoradiotherapy is a preferred strategy and has proven to be effective and tolerable.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the main reason of joint pain and dysfunction in the elderly in China, and its incidence is increasing year by year. In addition to the joint peripheral osteophyte formation and degeneration of articular cartilage, in?flammation, as one of the dominant pathological changes in OA, is causing more and more attention. Pro-inflammatory cyto?kines (PIC) are important mediators of inflammation. The increased level of PIC in OA can lead to systemic and local inflam?mation, results in further destruction of many kinds of tissues in joint (such as cartilage), and accelerates the development of OA. Besides, the severity of inflammation is closely related to the clinical symptoms of OA. Therefore, it is important to un?derstand the role of PIC in the pathogenesis of OA. From the perspective of the relationship between pro-inflammatory fac?tors and OA and the molecular mechanism, this article reviews the research progress in this field, which provides new con?cepts for diagnose and treatment of OA.

Objective To investigate the dosimetric characteristics of hippocampal?avoidance prophylactic cranial irradiation ( HA?PCI ) in fixed?field intensity?modulated radiotherapy ( IMRT ) and volumetric modulated arc therapy ( VMAT) and the feasibility and risks of hippocampal avoidance. Methods Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) was performed for 16 patients with localized small cell lung cancer ( SCLC) who were treated in our hospital from January to August, 2014, and achieved complete response ( CR) after chemoradiotherapy, with a prescribed dose of 25 Gy in 10 fractions. CT localization image was fused with brain MRI image to contour the hippocampus on the fused image, and the boundary of the hippocampus was extended 5 mm outward to form the area for reduced dose. IMRT and VMAT plans with hippocampal avoidance were developed separately, and the dose distribution in the whole brain, the hippocampus, and the 5?mm area outside the hippocampus was evaluated for these two plans. Independent?samples t test was applied to evaluate the difference between the two groups. Results The mean hippocampal volume in the 16 patients was 2. 76 cm3 ( range 2. 56 ?3. 01 cm3 ) . The mean radiation dose ( Dmean ) in the hippocampus during IMRT and VMAT was 9. 04± 0. 20 Gy and 10. 32± 0. 28 Gy, respectively, reduced by 66. 0% and 61. 2%, respectively, compared with the prescribed dose ( P=0. 55);Dmean in the area for reduced dose during IMRT and VMAT was 13. 57± 0. 90 Gy and 14. 86± 0. 60 Gy, respectively, reduced by 49. 0% and 44. 1%, respectively, compared with the prescribed dose (P=0. 88). Conclusions HA?PCI in IMRT and VMAT meets the clinical requirements, and can reduce the dose in the hippocampus while ensuring the whole?brain radiation dose, and therefore can be applied in PCI and provide a technical support to protect the patient’ s neurocognitive function.

Breast Neoplasms ; chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; standards ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; standards ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; analysis ; Stomach Neoplasms ; chemistry

Wogonin is a kind of natural flavonoid compound. According to findings in the latest studies, wogonin shows a wide range of antitumor effects, with the characteristics of multi-pathway, multi-link and multi-target, such as promoting tumor cell apoptosis through ROS or Ca(2+)-mediated signal paths, enhancing tumor cytotoxicity by TNF-α and TRAIL, blocking tumor cell cycle, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and resisting cancer synergistically with chemotherapeutic drugs. Moreover, Wogonin could enhance body immune function by enhancing immune cell infiltration, regulating the immune cell phenotype and promoting relevant cytokine secretion. In this paper, the authors summarized the advance in studies on wogonin's antitumor and immunomodulatory effects.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Flavanones ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors ; therapeutic use ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; physiopathology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To investigate the protective effect of sevoflurane on the brain against focal ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury and its mechanism.Methods Twenty-four male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly allocated into 3 groups(n=8 each):group Ⅰ sham operation;grouop Ⅱ I/R and group Ⅲ I/R + sevoflurane.The rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal chloral hydrate 300 mg?kg~(-1).Middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)was produced by insertion of a 4-0 mono-filament nylon thread with rounded tip at bifurcation of right common carotid artery into internal carotid artery.The nylon thread was advanced cranially until resistance was felt.The depth of insertion was 18-20 mm.After 3 h MCAO the thread was withdrawn to allow reperfusion.In group Ⅲ the animals inhaled 1.0 MAC sevoflurane for 30 min at 30 min before reperfusion.The rectal temperature of the animals was kept at 36.5-37.5℃.At the end of 24 h reperfusion the animals were weighed again.The animals'neurological deficit was evaluated using Zea Longa score(0=no defcit,4=unable to walk and unconscious).The animals were then killed.The neuronal apoptosis in striatum was assessed(TUNEL)and the PKC protein expression in striatum was determined by immunocyto-chemistry.Results The body weight of the animals in I/R group was significantly reduced after 24h reperfusion as compared to the body weight before ischemia (P＜0.01),while in control group and sevoflurane group there was no significant difference in the body weight before and after sham operation or I/R.The neurological deficit scores were significantly higher in I/R group than in sevoflurane group.The number of apoptotic neurons in striatum was significantly higher in I/R group than in sevoflurane group.The PKC expression in striatum was significantly higher in sevoflurane group than in I/R group (P＜0.01).Conclusion 1.0 MAC sevoflurane inhalation has protective effect on the brain against I/R injury. Upregulation of PKC expression in striatum decreased by I/R is involved in the mechanism.

0.05).Con- clusion It is a feasible way for infants to fast in solid diet 6 hours and liquid 2 hours before operation in order to re- duce indisposition of infants and meet the need of operation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitiom effect of PTEN(gene of phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromsome ten) combined with adriamycin on proliferation, migration and invasion of non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell line Raji in vitro. METHODS: Cell proliferation was determined by MTT in Raji cells response to adriamycin with different concentrations. Transwell assay was performed to evaluate the effects of adriamycin and PTEN on migration and invasion of Raji cells. RT-qPCR was conducted to measure the expression of PTEN in Raji cells after adriamycin treatment. RESULTS: Adriamycin significantly inhibited the proliferation of Raji cells in a concentration dependent manner (r=-0.925, P<0.001). Adriamycin inhibited invasion and migration in Raji cells. Moreover, adriamycin promoted the expression of PTEN. Overexpression of PTEN markedly suppressed invasion and migration in Raji cells. The combination of adriamycin and PTEN strikingly decreased the proliferation, invasion and migration of Raji cells. CONCLUSION: Adriamycin and PTEN would inhibite the proliferation, invasion and migration of Raji cells. PTEN drastically enhances the inhibition of adriamycin on the proliferation, migration and invasion of Raji cells.