Objective:To evaluate the clinical significance of commonly used clinical inflammatory indicators in children with infectious diseases.Methods:A total of 354 children diagnosed with infectious diseases in our hospital from December 2018 to October 2020 were selected and divided into viral infection group(83 cases), sepsis group (65 cases), atypical pathogen infection group(23 cases), fungal infection group (11 cases), and bacterial infection group(172 cases). The data of serum amyloid A(SAA), procalcitonin(PCT), C-reactive protein(CRP), SAA/CRP, and interleukin (IL) in each group were collected.The fever peak, duration of fever, and fever subsidence time after admission were recorded.The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted, and the area under the curve(AUC), cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity were recorded.The correlation between fever and inflammatory indicators was analyzed.Results:The duration of fever in the atypical pathogen infection group was significantly higher than that in the other groups.Compared with the sepsis group, the differences regarding the levels of SAA, CRP, PCT, and IL-6 were statistically significant compared with those in the bacterial infection group, the atypical pathogen infection group, and the viral infection group (all P<0.05). SAA/CRP was the highest in the viral infection group, and its mean value was nearly twice compared with that in the sepsis group ( P<0.05). IL-10 was significantly different between bacterial infection group and viral infection group( P<0.05). Compared with the fungal infection group, the difference of interferon-γ was statistically significant compared with that in the bacterial infection group, viral infection group and sepsis group (all P<0.05). The ROC curves suggested that the AUC of SAA/CRP and IL-10 was the largest and the same in the viral infection group.The AUC of PCT in the sepsis group was the largest of 0.877, and the specificity was the highest at 91.7% when the PCT was 1.055 ng/mL.Correlation analysis found that SAA and CRP detected for the first time at admission were positively correlated with the time to heat remission. Conclusion:SAA/CRP has significant significance in differentiating sepsis and virus infection, and significantly increased PCT is an important sign of sepsis.

To determine whether the microRNAs (miRNAs) contained in cancer-derived microvesicles (MVs) mirror those of the parental tumor cells, we compared the miRNA expression profiles of MVs derived from their parental hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. The presence and levels of 888 miRNAs from SMMC-7721 cells and MVs were detected by Agilent miRNA microarray analysis. Four selected miRNAs were verified by real time qRT-PCR. Furthermore, the genes of the miRNAs were bioinformatically identified to explore potential roles of the miRNAs in HCC microenvironment. Our results showed that miRNAs expression profiles of MVs derived from HCC were significantly changed. Of all the miRNAs tested, 148 miRNAs were co-expressed in MVs and SMMC-7721 cells, only 121 and 15 miRNAs were detected in MVs and SMMC-7721 cells, respectively. Among the 148 co-expressing miRNAs, 48 miRNAs had the similar expression level and 6 of them were supposed to be oncogenic or suppressive miRNAs. According to the target prediction by Quantile Algorithm method, these miRNAs may regulate 3831 genes which were closely related to cell cycle, apoptosis and oncogenesis, and 78 were known tumor suppressors or oncogenes. Gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated that 3831 genes were mainly associated with nucleic acid binding, cell death, cell adhesion. MVs containing miRNAs, released into the HCC microenvironment, bear the characteristic miRNAs of the original cells and might participate in cancer progression.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; genetics ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; RNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Transport Vesicles ; genetics

Malocclusion is one of the three most common oral diseases reported by World Health Organization(WHO). In China, its incidence rate is rising. Malocclusion seriously affects the dental and maxillofacial function, facial appearance and growth development of nearly 260 million children in China, and what is more, it affects their physical and mental health development. Malocclusion occurrence is related to genetic and environmental factors. Early treatment of malocclusion can create a good dental and maxillofacial development environment, correct abnormal growth and control the adverse effects of abnormal genetic factors. It can effectively reduce the prevalence of children's malocclusion and enhance their physical and mental health. This is an urgent need from the economic perspective of our society, so it has great practical and social significance. Experts from the project group "standard diagnose and treatment protocols for early orthodontic intervention of malocclusions of children" which initiated by China National Health Institute of Hospital Administration wrote the "China Experts' Consensus on Preventive and Interceptive Orthodontic Treatments of Malocclusions of Children", which aims to guide and popularize the clinical practice, improve the clinical theory and practice level, and accelerate the disciplinary development of early treatment of children's malocclusion in China. The consensus elaborates the harmfulness of malocclusion and the necessity of early treatment, and brings up the principles and fundamental contents. Based on the law of dental and maxillofacial development, this paper puts forward the guiding suggestions of preventive and interceptive treatments in different stages of dental development ranging from fetus to early permanent dentition. It is a systematic project to promote and standardize the early treatment of malocclusion. Through scientific and comprehensive stratified clinical practice and professional training, the clinical system of early treatment of malocclusion in China will eventually be perfected, so as to comprehensively care for children's dental and maxillofacial health, and improve their oral and physical health in China.
Child ; China/epidemiology* ; Consensus ; Dental Care ; Humans ; Malocclusion/prevention & control* ; Orthodontics, Interceptive