The histological changes in tibial lengthening with metaphyseal osteotomy were observed in 30 goats.It was found that (1) slow lengthening rate of 1 mm/day could enable the tissues to adapt the mechanical traction,and consequently the limitation of elongation could be increased;(2) the new bone formed in the lengthened region might be the result of a combined osteogenesis from endochondral,intramembranous,and fibrous tissue ossification;and (3)the osteogenetic process could be distinguished into 3 stages of hemorrhage and organization of the hematocele,callus formaton,and remodelling of the new bones.

Objective To explore the characteristics and laws of burned children,and to find the coping strategies on preventing and reducing the incidence of pediatric burns.Methods The age distribution,burn causes, degree of burn,easy -happening months and on -site treatment of 978 children under 12 years old were retrospective-ly analyzed.Results 978 pediatric burns patients made up 55.4% of all burned patients among which there were 601 male patients and 377 female patients.Most of them were 1 -3 years old.The main reason of burn was hot liquid. Most of them were minor and moderate burned.The easy -happing months were from May to September.Only 11.0%of these children were correctly treated.Most burn children were from countryside.Conclusion The main reasons of children being burned are poor management of hot liquid,carelessness and the indifference of safety consciousness. The cases of burned children are regular.It is important to strengthen the publicity and education of precaution and the consciousness of safety protection of custodian.The publicity of knowledge about burning safety and correct on -site treatment are important for prevention and cure of burned children.

Vinblastines as third-generation chemotherapy drugs are widely used in the treatment of a variety of cancers.Among them, vinorelbine (NVB) is a first-line chemotherapy drug for non-small cell lung cancer, while its side effects often limit its clinical use.There are more and more clinical studies show that Chinese medicine and NVB in the chemotherapy program has a synergistic anti-tumor effect, which can improve quality of life and immunity of patients, and reduce such side reactions as gastrointestinal reactions, bone marrow suppression and so on.In this paper, the application progress in traditional Chinese medicine combined with vinblastine in the treatment of lung cancer in recent ten years was reviewed.

To observe the therapeutic effect of Nitazoxanide(NTZ) on dogs infected with Giardia canis trophozoites.Eight dogs were infected with Giardia canis trophozoites and divided into four groups rondomly,G1:2 dogs treated with Nitazoxanide at a single dose of 1 mg/kg body weight;G2:2 dogs treated with NTZ at a single dose of 2 mg/kg;G3:2 dogs treated with NTZ at a single dose of 41 mg/kg;G4:2 dogs treated without drugs as control.All groups were examined for Giardia canis cysts by Zinc Sulfate Flotation.Each group was subjected to collect stool per day and counted cysts.The results of G2 and G3 were negative after 1th day.G1 were negative after 4th days.The results indicated that NTZ at a dose of 2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg in dogs had a faourable effect on the dogs infected with Giardia canis.

Objective: To investigate the expression of BRD4 in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) tissues and cells, and the effects of its expression on cell proliferation and invasion ability. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect BRD4 protein expression in SCC tissues and paired normal esophageal squamous epithelial tissues. The expression of BRD4 protein was detected in different SCC cell lines and normal esophageal squamous epithelial cells by Western blot. BRD4 siRNA and control siRNA were used to transfect SCC Eca109 cells, and experiments were divided into three groups: untreated group, control siRNA group and BRD4 siRNA group. Western blot was employed to investigate the expression of BRD4 protein in the three groups of SCC Eca109 cells. CCK-8 kit was utilized to detect cell proliferation ability, and Transwell chamber was used to examine cell invasion ability. Finally, Western blot was used to detect the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 proteins. Results: The positive rate of BRD4 protein expression in SCC tissues was significantly higher than that of normal squamous epithelial tissues. The expression of BRD4 protein in 4 SCC cell lines was higher than that in normal esophageal cell Het-1A. BRD4 siRNA obviously downregulated the expression of BRD4 protein in Eca109 cells, and its downregulation contributed to the suppression of cell proliferation and invasion ability in Eca109 cells (all P<0.05), coupled with the decreases of MMP2 and MMP9 proteins. Conclusion BRD4 may be closely associated with the proliferation and invasion of SCC, and it thus may be a potential therapeutic target for SCC.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of mediastinal T lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia (T-LBL/ALL).Methods:Sixty-one patients with mediastinal T-LBL/ALL diagnosed at First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from August 1, 2011 to December 31, 2018 were enrolled. Their clinical, pathological, imaging features and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Of the 61 patients with mediastinal T-LBL/ALL, 46 were male and 15 were female, with a male to female ratio of approximately 3∶1, aged 5 to 71 years (median 24 years, average of 24.5 years). Radiological findings were mediastinal soft tissue masses (58 cases) or mediastinal multiple enlarged lymph nodes (1 case). The tumor had a diameter of 4.9 to 18.3?cm in size, and data of 2 cases was unavailable. The patient′s main symptoms were superior vena cava syndrome (cough, dyspnea, facial or neck edema), shortness of breath and chest pain, while about 1/3 of patients developed B symptoms (high fever, night sweats or significant weight loss). All 61 cases were biopsy specimens, and 2 of the tumors were later resected. Histopathologic examination showed that the thymic tissue epithelial network structure was destroyed or completely disappeared. A large number of lymphocytoid tumor cells were diffusely infiltrative, with infiltration into adipose tissue, starry sky phenomenon, linear-like arrangement, interstitial collagen hyperplasia and tumor cell extrusion. Focal tumor necrosis was present in some cases. Tumor cells were overall small to medium in size. They had little cytoplasm, slightly distorted, round or oval-shaped nuclei, fine chromatin, and innocuous/small nucleoli. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the tumor cells expressed CD7 (100%, 33/33), TDT (93.4%, 57/61), CD99 (83.3%, 25/30), CD1a (4/7), CD10 (8/18), CD34 (13.2%, 5/38), but did not express B cell markers (CD20 and PAX5) or granulocyte monocyte marker (MPO). The Ki-67 proliferation index was usually greater than 50%. One case was tested for TCR clonal rearrangement, which was positive. Several hemotherapy regiments were used. Hyper-CVAD (cyclophosphamide, vindesine, dexamethasone, and epirubicin) were most frequently administrated (60.4%, 32/53), followed by BFM-90 (50.9%, 27/53). Some patients were treated with the above two and other treatment options. Follow-up data were available in 55 of the 61 patients, and 26 patients (47.3%) survived. The average five-year survival rate was 50.6%. The patient′s prognosis was not significantly related to the International Prognostic Index, age of onset, gender, or tumor size.Conclusions:The mediastinal T-LBL/ALL is rare, and most of its specimens are needle biopsies. The histological morphology is often difficult to interpret, while the addition of clinical features and immunohistochemistry may help. The combination of CKpan, TDT, CD99, CD7, CD3, PAX5, CD34, CD10, and Ki-67 immunohistochemicl studies may assist in diagnosis of the most cases.

Objective To investigate dynamic response of the finite element model of Lenke3 type scoliosis. Methods The finite element model was established based on CT scanning images from a patient with Lenke3 type scoliosis, and validation of the model was also conducted. Modal analysis, harmonic response analysis and transient dynamic analysis were carried out on the model. Results The first order natural frequency of this model was only 1-2 Hz.The amplitude of the finite element model was the largest at the first natural frequency. At the same resonance frequency, the amplitude of the thoracic curved vertebra was larger than that of the lumbar curved vertebra.The amplitude from T6 vertebra to L2 vertebra decreased successively. Conclusions The degree of spinal deformity may affect the perception of spine vibration, and the higher the degree of spinal deformity, the higher the sensitivity to vibration. The first natural frequency is most harmful to Lenke3 type scoliosis patients. Under cyclic loading, the thoracic curved vertebra is more prone to deformation than the lumbar curved vertebra. The closer to T1 segment, the greater the amplitude of the vibration is.

Background and objective Besides epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement becomes another important clinical subtype. A speciifc and high-sensitive and economical detection way is convenience for identiifcation of ALK positive NSCLC quickly and accurately. So the objective of our research is to detect ALK rearrangement in 172 cases of NSCLC by using enhancing immunohistochemical way (ventana-IHC, V-IHC). Methods ALK rearrangement in 172 NSCLC samples was detected by us-ing V-IHC, and positive staining cases were further veriifed by lfuorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Results Among 172 NSCLC cases, there were 12 positive staining. hTe positive results were conifrmed by FISH and 11 cases were FISH positive. hTe overall concordance between V-IHC and FISH is 91.7%(11/12). Conclusion hTe V-IHC method is a reliable method for ALK arrangement and could be used in clinical screen and diagnosis.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic features of pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) in needle biopsy specimens so as to improve the preoperative diagnostic accuracy and to prevent misdiagnoses.Methods:A total of 79 needle biopsy cases confirmed as PSP in surgical resection specimens were collected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China from January 2015 to January 2023. A retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate the clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical characteristics of PSP.Results:Among the 79 cases, there were 8 males and 71 females, with an age range of 14 to 67 years (median 47 years). Among the 79 needle biopsy cases of PSP, 5 cases were initially misdiagnosed as adenocarcinoma and 1 as carcinoid preoperatively, while the remaining 73 cases were correctly diagnosed. 84.8% (67/79) of the PSP presented with well-defined, homogeneous, solitary solid tumors on chest imaging. Morphologically, 26.6% (21/79) of the PSP mainly showed a single histological component, 67.1% (53/79) contained two histological components, and 6.3% (5/79) contained three histological components. There were no cases containing all four histological components simultaneously. The tumor was composed of cuboidal cells on the surface and round cells in the stroma and lacked significant cytological atypia and mitotic figures. Some cases exhibited variations in histology and cellular morphology, such as glandular spaces (58.2%, 46/79), sclerotic papillae (46.8%, 37/79), hypercellularity (16.5%, 13/79), and cytological atypia (24.1%, 19/79). Immunophenotyping indicated that both tumor cell types expressed TTF1, EMA and β-catenin, while surface cells expressed pan-cytokeratin and Napsin A, and stromal cells expressed vimentin. In some cases, ER and PR were also expressed.Conclusions:When diagnosing PSP in needle biopsy specimens, the key to avoiding misdiagnosis is recognizing the presence of dual-cell populations within the tumor. The useful clues include presence of cellular papillae, mild cellular atypia, morphological diversity, interstitial foam-like cell aggregates, and prominent background hemorrhage and sclerosis. The characteristic immunophenotype and middle-aged female predilection are also helpful for the diagnosis of PSP.

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and safe-ty of vedolizumab in the treatment of inflammato-ry bowel disease.METHODS:The clinical data of 25 patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)(13 ulcerative colitis(UC)and 12 Crohn's disease(CD))treated with vedolizumab(VDZ)in the Anorectal department of our hospital from July 2020 to Au-gust 2023 were retrospectively collected.VDZ 300 mg was given intravenously at weeks 0,2 and 6 to induce remission,and 300 mg was given intrave-nously every 8 weeks to maintain remission.The evaluation was carried out after 30 weeks of treat-ment.The primary efficacy indicators included clini-cal response rate,clinical remission rate,and endo-scopic remission rate.The secondary efficacy indi-cators included nutritional status indicators(body weight(Wt),hemoglobin(HGB),albumin(ALB),he-matocrit(HCT)),inflammation degree indicators(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),eryth-rocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)).All adverse reac-tions that occurred during VDZ treatment were re-corded.RESULTS:The total clinical response rate of IBD patients treated with VDZ for 6 weeks and 14 weeks was 32％and 60％,respectively.The total clinical remission rate of IBD patients treated with VDZ for 14 weeks and 30 weeks was 16％and 36％,respectively.There was no significant difference in clinical response rate and clinical remission rate be-tween UC and CD treated with VDZ(P＞0.05).After 30 weeks of treatment,the body weight of UC pa-tients was significantly increased,the levels of HCT％,ALB and HGB were significantly improved,and the level of ESR was significantly decreased.Af-ter 30 weeks of treatment,the body weight of CD patients increased significantly,and the inflamma-tory index hs-CRP,nutritional index HCT％,ALB and HGB levels were significantly improved.One pa-tient had an increase in white blood cell count af-ter the third infusion of VDZ,and no other adverse reactions occurred.CONCLUSION:As an induction and maintenance therapy for IBD patients,VDZ can alleviate intestinal inflammation,relieve clinical symptoms,improve nutritional status and improve quality of life of patients,with high safety.