Objective To observe the Oncomelania hupensis snail control effects of molluscicides with different formula?tions in the ditch with unstable water level in field of marshland and lake areas,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the prevention strategies. Methods A drainage channel with O. hupensis snails in Jiangling County,Jingzhou City were selected as the study field,then it was divided into 6 segments,except 1 segment was treated as the blank control group for observing the natural mortality rate of the snails,the other 5 segments were treated as observation groups,where 4% niclosamide ethanol?amine salt powder,5%niclosamide ethanolamine salt granule,25%suspension concentrate of niclosamide ethanolamine salt, 26% suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide ethanolamine salt,50% niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder were applied respectively. Before and after the mollusciciding,the snail surveys were carried out through the systematic sampling method,and the short?and long?term effects of snail control were observed,and the mortality rates of the snails on the slope above the water level and those below the water level were compared. Results When 7 d and 15 d after mullusciciding, the mortality rates of snails on the slope above the water level in each observation group were 79.52%-97.87% and 90.43%-96.30%,respectively,when compared with those before mollusciciding,all the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01). When 7 d after mullusciciding,the mortality rates of snails below the water level in each observation group were 17.11%-50.00%,which were all lower than those of the snails on the slope above the water level in the corresponding groups(all P<0.05);when 15 d after mullusciciding,the rates were 9.43%-95.24%,and those in 25%suspension concentrate of niclosamide ethanolamine salt,26%suspension concentrate of metaldehyde and niclosamide ethanolamine salt,50%niclosamide ethanol?amine salt wettable powder groups were all lower than those of the snails on the slope above the water level in the corresponding groups(all P<0.01). Compared with the densities of living snails before mollusciciding,those 6 months after mollusciciding in each observation group decreased by 70.21%-78.98%. Conclusions The molluscicides in the formulation of powders and granule are suitable for both the snail environment with or without water,while those in the formulation of suspension agents and wettable powders are suitable only for environments with water.

Objective? To explore the effect of applying Porter-Lawler comprehensive incentive model in nursing performance management in Psychiatric Department. Methods? From January 2017, we began to implement the Porter-Lawler comprehensive incentive model orientated nursing performance management, including improving job performance evaluation, integrating job incentive and high-quality nursing service incentive in the performance management. The incidence of Psychiatric Department inpatients' nursing adverse events, nurses' turnover intention, discharged patients' satisfaction on nurses and nurses' working satisfaction were compared before implementation(January to December,2016) and after implementation(January to December, 2017). Results? The incidence of adverse nursing events decreased from 1.049 thousand hospital days to 0.555 thousand hospital days after the implementation of Porter-Lawler comprehensive incentive model-oriented nursing performance management, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=8.06, P＜ 0.01). The total score of turnover intention of nurses decreased from (16.93±4.75) to (13.65±4.50). The difference was statistically significant (P＜ 0.01). The satisfaction of discharged patients increased from 95.2% to 98.5%. The difference was statistically significant (χ2=9.29,P＜ 0.01). The job satisfaction of nurses increased from (65.48±4.85) to (82.95±6.35). The difference was statistically significant (P＜ 0.01). Conclusions? Implementing incentive-based nursing performance management in Psychiatric Department can effectively enhance the working enthusiasm of nurses, reduce the turnover intention of nurses, improve the quality of nursing work, and increase patient satisfaction.