Objective To investigate the relationship of attentional orientation,sensory disorder or magnitude estimation with cross-over effect in the line bisection of hemispatial neglect patients and to evaluate the influences of the length of lines and cueing on the performance of line bisection of neglect patients.Methods Fifteen patients with hemispatial neglect and 15 age and education-level-matched healthy controls underwent line bisection experiment.in which difierent types of cues and difierent length of bisected lines were given to observe their effects on the deviation.Analyses of variance (ANOVAs)were used to analyze the data in each group.Results When the lengths of lines were 4,6,8,10,12 cm,percentages of line bisection deviation(%)without cue were-5.71±5.13,-2.48±8.83,-1.18±10.90.0.43±8.12,2.17±7.04 respectively.The experiment showed that deviation was related to the length of lines ( F=12.5,P＜0.01).Nine patients exhibited cross-over effect when the lines were shorter than 10 cm.Another interesting result was that ipsilesional cues led to a reduction in bisection errors ( percentages of line bisection deviation(%)were-3.93±7.04,2.43±6.34,4.93±5.19,6.49±3.36,6.38±4.18,P＜0.01),however,contralesional ones resulted in a reverse effect(percentages of bisection deviation(%)were-10.93±8.85,-7.95±8.44,-4.14±8.37,-2.60±9.96,-1.57±10.67,P=0.03).As for bilateral cues,both cueing had no influence on line bisection(percentages of bisection deviation(%)were -5.93±7.76,-0.52±8.20,0.54±6.34.2.57±5.02,2.79±3.92,P=0.35).The length of cues had no influence on line bisection(F=1.94.P=0.1 4).Condusions The subjective midpoint excurses toward left when the length of line is relatively short.which is referred as crossover effect.indicating magnitude estimation a factor of crossover effect.Unilateral cues affects the performance of line dissection of neglect patients.which may be accounted for attentional orientational biases.No effect of the cue length suggested sensory disorder does not play a role in the crossover effect.

Objective To investigate the effects of exenatide on insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetics.Methods 42 diabetics of secondary failure of sulfonylurea were recruited in the study,and were distinguished to the exenatide group and the glargine group.Besides being treated with diabetic conventional and original treatments,the two groups were given respectively exenatide before breakfast and dinner,or glargine before sleeping by subcutaneous injection for five weeks.Insulin sensitivity of the two groups was elevated by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps before and after treatment.The metabolic indices were determined.Results Compared with baseline levels,after treatment the glucose metabolic rate was improved [(5.12 ± 0.35) vs (2.94 ± 0.41)] mg · kg-1 · min-1,P ＜ 0.05],the BMI and HMOA-IR was reduced[4.51 (1.32 ～ 6.12) vs 1.96 (1.32 ～ 6.12)],in the exenatide groups,which were better than the glargine group (P ＜ 0.05).Gastrointestinal adverse reactions,which were tolerable and decreased,were appeared in nearly 31.42％ of subjects.There were no severe hypoglycemic events in both groups.Conclusion Short-term treatment with exenatide could improve the insulin sensitivity of type 2 diabetics.

Objective To investigate the expression of CD133 protein in primary lesions of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its clinical significance.Methods The expression of CD133 protein in 190 patients with HCC was detected by immunohistochemical staining ABC method.The correlation of CD133 protein expression with the clinicopathologic parameters and features after operation was analyzed.Results The expression positive rate of CD133 protein in cancer tissues was 22.1％ (42/190).There was significant correlation between the expression of CD133 protein and tumor differentiation (P ＜ 0.001),micro vessel invasion (P =0.016) and hepatitis B virus infection (P =0.024).Univariate analysis of factors demonstrated that differentiation level,lymph node,macro vessel invasion,micro vessel invasion,TNM stage and CD133 expression were correlated with disease-free survival after surgery (all P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate analysis of factors demonstrated that both CD133 expression and micro vessel invasion were independent prognostic factors of disease-free survival after surgery.Prognostic analysis demonstrated that the disease-free survival of CD133 positive group was significantly lower than that of CD133 negative group.Conclusion The CD133 protein expression in HCC tissues is related with development,metastasis and prognosis of HCC.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of huoxuexiaoying tablet on experimental goiter of rats. Methods The rats were randomly divided into six groups: the control, the model control group, huoxuexiaoying tablet at different doses,and the sodium levothyroxine group ( Euthyrox group) . Except for the rats in the control,the rats in other groups were given with propylthiouracil (20 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ) by intragastric ( i. g. ) administration every day for 60 days. Meanwhile, some rats were treated with huoxuexiaoying tablet at low (4. 4 g·kg-1·d-1),middle (8. 8 g·kg-1·d-1) and high dose (17. 6 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ) orally,and those in the Euthyrox group were given with 7. 8μg·kg-1 ·d-1 Euthyrox by i. g. administration. The rats in the control group were administrated with the same volume of saline (N. S). After 60 days of treatment,the rats were sacrificed,the organ indexes of thyroid and pituitary and the levels of free triiodothyronine ( FT3 )、free thyroxin ( FT4 ) and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) in serum,were tested. The expression of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),transforming growth factor-β( TGF-β) and B-cell lymphoma 2 gene ( Bcl-2 ) were examined by immunofluorescence. Results Compared with the model,organ indexes of thyroid were significantly reduced by huoxuexiaoying tablet at three doses (P<0. 05),but not for the pituitary (P>0. 05). The levels of FT3 and FT4 were in a elevating trend,but TSH decreased with no significance (P>0. 05). The morphological structure of thyroid was greatly improved by huoxuexiaoying tablet in comparison with the model. In which the gland dilated,thyroid follicular restored to moderate size,epithelia were cubic or flattened and follicular cavity filled with abundant glial. The expression of bFGF and Bcl-2 decreased significantly (P<0. 01) while TGF-β expression increased notably (P<0. 01). Conclusion Huoxuexiaoying tablet has a great anti-goiter effect,the mechanism of which may be related to promoting thyroid cells apoptosis and inhibiting thyroid cells proliferation.

In this study, the mechanism by which Ad-p27mt inhibits the growth, invasion and metastasis of transplanted liver tumor was studied by examining the effects of Ad-27mt gene transfer on the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, VEGF and MMP-9 in the transplanted liver tumors in nude mice. The model of transplanted hepatic tumor was established in nude mice. The mice were then divided into three groups, which were injected with PBS, Ad-LacZ and Ad-p27mt and the growth of the transplanted liver tumor was observed. The expressions of P27, Bax and Bcl-2 proteins were detected by Western blotting and the expressions of VEGF and MMP-9 were immunohistochemically determined. Our result showed that the tumor size, expressions of Bax, Bcl-2 proteins, VEGF and MMP-9 were all lower than those in PBS and Ad-LacZ groups and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Our study suggested that Ad-p27mt could inhibit the growth, invasion and metastasis of hepatic cancer by lowering the expressions of VEGF and MMP-9.

Objective To investigate the micro-anatomical approach to resect both intracranial and extracranial jugular foramen tumors in one-stage. Methods With the aid of surgical microscope, fifteen cadaver heads were used to study the microsurgical anatomy of high cervical part and jugular foramen, measure relative data. Results Detailed dissection was performed on high cervical part between the 1st cervical vertebra and the 4th cervical vertebra, resect foramen processus transversi of the 1st cervical vertebra, free vertebral artery 2nd and 1st cervical vertebra segment and horizontal segment. The jugular tubercle, jugular tunisia and part of the occipital condylus was drilled away as much as possible, total exposure of lateral semicircular canal was completed after the removal of the mastoid revealed labyrinthinem. Then the sigmoid sinus and jugular bulb were skeletonized. The vertical of segment of facial nerve was fully skeletonized to study the necessity of the facial nerve translocation. Full exposure to the sigmoid sinus, open jugular foramen. JF areas expanded, and the measured parameters revealed. The distance was (29.65 ± 3.24)mm from mastoidalec to oncentrated focus of condyle (10.18 ± 0.81)mm from hinder margin of condyle to endostoma of hypoglossal canal. The left distance was (6.8 ± 0.35)mm from jugular foramen to perpendicular part of facial nerve, right was (4.6 ± 0.33)mm. Conclusions Total exposure of JF can be achieved through the approach we described, and will enable the facial nerve, cochlea, and the structure of the vertebral artery to be performed. Both intracranial and extracranial tumors can be removed in a one-stage procedure related to anatomical parameters. Improve the cure, reduce complication and lower mortality.

Objective To establish spastic cerebral palsy model of macaque by partial resection of motor cortex and explore its evaluation method.Methods Four individuals of 3-month-old macaques were divided into healthy control group and operation model group according to random number table.Partial resection of the motor cortex was carried out in operation model group,in which precentral gyrus cortex from above the right lateral cerebral fissure to the inter-hemicerebral fissure,together with the posterior-superior frontal gyrus (about 0.3 to 0.5 cm in front of the anterior median sulcus) cortex were removed with the depth of about 0.5 to 0.6 cm.After the operation,the continuous camera shooting was used to record whether left limb motor dysfunction and abnormal posture existed or not.Muscle tension was assessed by manual examination of muscle tone with reference to the modified Ashworth scale.The quantitative indexes of the two groups were detected by using the gross motor and fine motor assessment scale.9.4T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to detect the brain imaging changes.Results After operation,the macaque in the operation model group immediately showed left hemiparesis,left upper limb abnormal lifting,left lower limb paralysis,left limb claudication,and eating mainly relied on the right side of the body.After 6 weeks of operation,left limb activity of the operation model group was significantly lower than that of the healthy control group,and the gross motor scores and fine motor scores were significantly lower than those of the healthy control group(Friedman test:χ2=33.939,P<0.05;χ2=37.526,P<0.05).The macaque in the operation model group showed some symptoms that abnormal posture mainly tilted to the left for the rest,sitting in a corner of the monkey cage,left arm was put on the cage to maintain postural balance,and movement was left slightly inclined,which had simulated the typical clinical manifestations of human spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy.Muscle tension was checked by hand,and the left limb paralysis and muscle tension decreased after operation in the model group,and the left muscle tension increased gradually after 5 weeks,and gradually increased to score 4 points and the score remained 3 after 10 weeks.Brain MRI of 3 weeks postoperatively suggested scar tissue formation after right motor cortex resection,which supported the pathological changes of the hemiplegic cerebral palsy models.Conclusions Through the partial resection of the motor cortex,the model of spastic cerebral palsy was established successfully.The results of behavioral evaluation and MRI showed that the model was consis-tent with spastic hemiplegia.

Objective:To investigate the finite element analysis and early-stage clinical effects of double bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with femoral direct fiber insertion.Methods:From June 2016 to June 2017, a total of 26 cases of ACL reconstruction were analyzed retrospectively, including 15 males and 11 females, mean age 30.5±4.6 years. All the patients underwent ACL reconstruction by the same operator. The early-stage clinical effects were evaluated by the finite element analysis, pivot shift test, Lachman test, preoperative and postoperative IKDC score, Lyshlom score, KT-2000, 3D-CT and MRI.Results:The finite element analysis confirmed theoretically that the double bundle ACL reconstruction with femoral direct fiber insertion could restore the stability and biomechanics of knee effectively. The results of pivot shift test were negative, and the Lachman test were negative except one first-stage positive after operation. 3D-CT showed that the bone tunnel was located in the direct fiber area. MRI showed clearly the ACL of double bundle after operation. Lysholm score increased from 56.5±3.6 pre-operation to 61.9±3.2 at three months after operation, and up to 88.5±2.0 two years after operation with statistically significant difference ( F=824.72, P<0.001). IKDC score increased from 48.3±2.8 before operation to 58.0±2.0 at three months after operation, and to 92.5±2.6 at two years after operation with statistically significant difference ( F=2 256.66, P<0.001). KT-2000 side-side difference decreased from 5.6±0.7 mm to 1.6±0.5 mm at three months after operation, and to 1.5±0.6 mm at two years after operation with statistically significant difference ( F=389.14, P<0.001). Conclusion:The double bundle ACL reconstruction with femoral direct fiber insertion can effectively restore the stability and the biomechanical environment of knee joint with satisfied early-stage clinical effects.

Objective To compare the value of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB) in diagnosing benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 88 patients who received biopsy for cervical lymph node enlargement from January 2015 to May 2017.FNA (n =39) or CNB (n =49) were performed respectively to compare the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the two methods in diagnosing benign and malignant cervical lymph node enlargement.Results 84.6％ (33/39) of FNA cases were successfully collected,and 98％ (48/49) of FNA cases were successfully collected for definite pathological diagnosis (P =0.000).The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of FNA and CNB in diagnosing malignant cervical lymph nodes were 90.9％ and 97.2％,94.1％ and 100％,92.3％ and 98％,respectively.Compared with FNA,there were statistically significant differences in sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in differentiating benign and malignant lymphatic lesions in cervical enlargement (P ＜0.01).The sensitivity and specificity of FNA and CNB in diagnosing cervical lymph node metastatic carcinoma were 100％ and 100％,95.2％ and 100％.Compared with FNA,there was no statistically significant difference in the sensitivity to the diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastatic carcinoma (P =0.102).Conclusions CNB is superior to FNA in sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in diagnosing cervical lymphadenopathy.However,when metastatic cancer was diagnosed,FNA was not significantly different from CNB in sensitivity (P =0.102),and FNA was recommended as the first choice.

Objective To study the clinical, endoscopic and pathological features of gastrointestinal and mesenteric reactive nodular fibrous pseudotumor (RNFPT). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on data of 24 RNFPT patients in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital admitted from October 2008 to June 2016. The clinical, endoscopic, pathological and immunohistochemical characteristics were analyzed. Results Among the 24 patients, 16 complained about discomfort in the upper abdomen and 10 had a history of surgery or trauma. Twenty-one had isolated masses and 3 had multiple masses, with diameter of 0. 5-4. 0 cm. Endoscopically, the tumors were mainly hard submucosal masses with broad base, and smooth surface with no mucosal bridge. Seventeen patients underwent endoscopic ultrasonography, which showed low echoes in lesions and nonuniform echoes partly. Among them, 13 lesions derived from muscularis, 4 others from submucosa. Microscopically, the tumors had clear boundary with no envelope, and most areas showed disorderly arranged spindle cells and extensively collagenous degenerated mesenchyma. The spindle cells had shuttle fibroblast-like morphology and elongated nucleus with no visible necrosis or mitosis. Inflammatory cells scattered between the tumor cells, and lymphoid follicles and calcium deposition could be seen in local areas. Immunohistochemically, SMA was focally positive in 7 cases and only 4 cases expressed CD117 scattered. Desmin, Dog-1, CD34, ALK-1 and S-100 were all negative, and Ki-67 proliferation index was lower than 1％. Conclusion RNFPT has diverse clinical manifestations, with a good prognosis and unlikely recurrences, and should be distinguished from spindle cell tumors.