Objective To develop a new type of electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of ochratoxin A (OTA ) . Methods Double layers of self‐assembly immunosensor for the detection of OTA were constructed based on the composite single‐walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)/chitosan(CS) membrane immobilized on glassy carbon electrode(GC) .Scanning electron mi‐croscopy(SEM) ,square wave voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry were used to analyze the characterization of the sensor ,then its specificity for detection was studied .Results SWNTs/CS composit membrane could increase the sensitivity of OTA detection sig‐nificantly ,and effectively distinguish the different types of mycotoxins .Conclusion The electrochemical immunosensor developed in the study is easy to operate and could detect OTA rapidly with good specificity and low detection limit .

Objective To improve the isolation and culture methods for primary hepatocytes and to establish a he-patic steatosis cell model for enhancing experimental efficiency and model precision.Methods Improvements were made upon existing techniques for primary hepatocyte cultivation and steatosis model establishment.The technology oriented to optimize the retrograde cannulation and fixation procedures,meticulously calibrating the perfusion speed and duration for mouse liver digestion.The culture medium was supplemented with 2% fetal bovine serum(FBS)during the removal of liver capsules and filtration steps.Additionally,the induction parameters for the steatosis cell model were refined,including the selection of free fatty acid(FFA)types and optimize their concentrations,ratios,and precise induction durations.Results The optimized protocol yielded mouse primary hepatocytes with a viability exceeding 90%,demonstrating ample quantity,favorable morphology,and excellent overall condition.The steatosis cell model exhibited prominent cytoplasmic lipid droplets,impaired glucose and lipid metabolism,as well as mild inflammation and insulin resistance,closely mimicking key aspects of the disease in vivo.Conclusions The refined techniques facilitated the establishment of a stable and physiologically representative in vitro steatosis cell model,which may support further research of pathogenesis of the disease,identification of potential therapeutic targets.

Ewing sarcoma is a member of the Ewing sarcoma family tumor(ESFT), which is commonly from bones and soft tissues, while it is rare for penis. In this thesis, a case of 21-year-old Ewing sarcomas on the left side of the penis was reported. After the penis mass excision, the pathological diagnosis was Ewing sarcoma and positive margin, then he underwent penis total hysterectomy. After the surgery, he received chemotherapy for 14 cycles without radiation. With 8 months’ reexamination and follow-up, there was no local recurrence or metastasis.