Objective To investigate the relationship between aging-expectation and leisure-time physical activity among the old adults.Methods Structural interviews were administered to 550 old adults using the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire, Expectation Regarding Aging-12 (WHO-DAS 2.0), Activity of Daily Life-8, and the Geriatric Depression Scale-5.Results There was only 16％ of the old adults whose leisure-time physical activities met the WHO global recommendations.The level of cognitive function expectation was still significant in the regression models statistically even after adjusting the social characteristics,mental health status, and physical function successively (OR=1.024,95％ CI=1.005-1.043;OR=1.024,95％ CI=1.005-1.043;OR=1.029,95％ CI =1.009-1.050, respectively), and both of physical health expectation and mental health expectation were not significant in the three models.Conclusion The leisure-time physical activity of the majority old adults doesn't achieve the WHO global recommendations.Improving the cognitive function expectation of the old adults would be one of the valuable approaches to promote the leisure-time physical activity engagement.

A mobile operating room information management system with electronic medical record (EMR) is designed to improve work efficiency and to enhance the patient information sharing. In the operating room, this system acquires the information from various medical devices through the Client/Server (C/S) pattern, and automatically generates XML-based EMR. Outside the operating room, this system provides information access service by using the Browser/Server (B/S) pattern. Software test shows that this system can correctly collect medical information from equipment and clearly display the real-time waveform. By achieving surgery records with higher quality and sharing the information among mobile medical units, this system can effectively reduce doctors' workload and promote the information construction of the field hospital.
Electronic Health Records ; Information Management ; methods ; Mobile Health Units ; Operating Rooms

Objective To translate and evaluate the reliability and validity of Chinese version of Nursing Student Self-Efficacy Scale.Methods A total of 212 nursing students in practice were recruited and completed the questionnaire survey including Chinese version of Nursing Student Self-Efficacy Scale and General Self-Efficacy Scale.Results The fitness of confirmatory factor analysis neither in intersectant model nor in orthogonal model were not good.Chinese revised version of Nursing Student Self-Efficacy Scale was formed based on the exploratory factor analysis.The three factors could explain 67.7％ variance of self-efficacy and the loading of all items was above 0.6.The correlation coefficient between the total score and three factors of revised NSSES and GSES was 0.570,0.427,0.582,and 0.480 respectively.The fitness of revised NSSES confirmatory factor of intersectant model,orthogonal model,and modified intersectant model were also not satisfying.Conclusions Although the reliability and the criterion-related validity of revised Chinese version of Nursing Student Self-Efficacy Scale were satisfying,the construct validity was not good and the further revision concerning on the task description and item response grade was required before applying for the internal measurement.

BACKGROUND:Osteoarthritis,often accompanied by cartilage abnormal signal transduction,suggesting that intracellular signal transduction may play an important role in osteoarthritis genesis and development.OBJECTIVE:To review recent advances in the research of Notch signaling pathway,and explore the mechanisms of chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and its role in cartilage development and chondrogenesis.To analysis the role of dysregulated Notch signaling in the development of osteoarthritis.METHODS:Pubmed was undertaken to identify the relevant articles published from March 1919 to February 2009 with the key words of"Notch signaling pathway,osteoarthritis,chondrocytes,chondrogenesis,bone marrow stem cells"in English.Simultaneously,CNKI Database was searched for relevant articles published from February 2004 to September 2008 with the key words of"Notch signaling pathway,osteoarthritis,chondrocytes,chondrogenesis,bone marrow stem cells"in Chinese Articles with the Notch signaling pathway-related research,Notch signaling pathway of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells,differentiation of cartilage relative to the mechanism studies,and the Notch signaling pathway disorders and osteoarthritis research were included,Reproducibility articles were excluded Development regulation of articular cartilage and cartilage cell proliferation were considered as evaluation indexes.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Of 632 articles retrieved,30 were included in our study according to the inclusive and exclusive criteria.The Notch pathway is a highly consewed signaling mechanism involved in many processes determining cell fate during development and maintenance of homeostasis of mature tissues in the adult organism.Activation of Notch occurs following Notch receptor/ligand engagement upon cell-cell contact,which initiates translocation of the Notch intracellular domain to the nucleus and activation of target genes.It has been demonstrated that the Notch signaling plays an important role in regulating articular cartilage development and chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation In recent studies abnormality of notch signaling was also found in disease,which suggests that notch signaling is involved in osteoarthritis initiation and development.Further study of the specific mechanism of notch signaling in the initiation and development of osteoarthritis will enable us to develop targeted approaches in the treatment of osteoarthritis,thus bring more strategies in the future treatment of osteoarthritis.

ObjectiveTo assess the reliability and validity of Chinese version of tools in measuring yangsheng.MethodsChinese version of tools in measuring yangsheng was administered to 706 elderly citizens and evaluated for the reliability and validity.ResultsThe fittingness of the both exiting model were unidentified.A model of six factors and twenty-six items was determined using exploratory factor analysis.The fitness of such model was perfect ( RMSEA =0.050,AGFI =0.871,GFI =0.902,NFI =0.903,CFI =0.953 ) and all the construct reliability were more than 0.6 while the average variance extracted were higher than 0.5 except the diet yangsheng factor.The Cronbach's α of Chinese version of tools in measuring yangsheng was 0.918 and Cronbach's α of factors were all above 0.7.ConclusionThe Chinese version of tools in measuring yangsheng appears to have good validity and reliability to estimate the Yangsheng of elderly citizens in China.

Objective To explore the attention bias characteristics and impacts of attention training on negative attention bias of undergraduates with sub-clinical depression.Methods The undergraduates whose BDI scores being at the top of 5％ were recruited as participations and assigned to early attention training group and late attention training group using random number table.The dot probe paradigm was used to compare the difference of depressive symptoms and ingredients of attention bias made by different processing phases of attention training.Results (1)The BDI score after the training(87.91± 12.47) was significantly lower than that the former test (97.23±17.72) (F~,32)=4.78,P＜0.05),and the attention bias score in late attention training group (-5.97±2.92) was lower than that in the early attention training group(2.77±2.75) (P＜0.05).The interaction of the stimulus materials presenting time and the measuring time was significant(F(2,64) =4.76,P＜0.05).Simple effect analysis showed that when the time of stimulus material presenting was 1 000 ms,the score of negative attention bias after the test (-4.89 ± 23.66) was significantly lower than pre-test (7.73±26.14) (F(1,33) =5.11,P＜ 0.05).In the pre-test,the negative attention bias scores of the stimulus materials presenting time for 100 ms and 1 000 ms (8.62 ± 27.60,7.73 ± 26.14) were significantly higher than that for 500 ms (-12.80±29.09)(P＜0.05).(2)When the negative disengaged score as a dependent variable,the repetitive measure analysis of variance showed that the interaction effect of the stimulus materials' presenting time and training group type was significant (F(1,32) =4.41,P＜0.05).Simple effect analysis results indicated the negative disengaged score of the late attention training group at post-test (-5.84±7.79) was significantly lower than that at pre-test (24.16±7.35) (P＜0.05).Conclusion The attention training during the late stage of the attention process can efficiently intervene the negative attention bias of undergraduates with sub-clinical depression.

BACKGROUND:From the point of view of human anatomy, the load of the spine is more. When the body moves, the range of activities, and activity are relatively large. After screws were implanted in the spine, if biomechanical properties and stability are not up to the standard, it easily leads to lack of grip force of screw and screw loosening so as to increase the incidence of complications after treatment.
OBJECTIVE:To compare biomechanical properties and stability of the spine after insertion of pedicle screw and cervical vertebral screw into the spine.
METHODS:100 vertebrae under human cervical spine specimens were analyzed and randomly divided into cervical vertebral screw fixation group and pedicle screw fixation group. Cervical vertebral screws and pedicle screws were implanted in lower cervical spine specimens. Electro Force 3510 material testing machine was used to test axial pul-out force, axial pul-out strength after the fatigue loading, and fixed stability. The biomechanical properties and stability were compared after two kinds of screws were implanted in the spine.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Instantaneous pul out force and immediate pul out stiffness were significantly higher in the pedicle screw fixation group than in the cervical vertebral screw fixation group (P<0.05). (2) Fatigue pul-out strength and fatigue pul-out stiffness did not have significant differences in both groups, but statistical analysis showed significant differences (P<0.05). Fatigue pul-out strength and fatigue pul-out stiffness were significantly higher in the pedicle screw fixation group than in the cervical vertebral screw fixation group. (3) These results suggested that pedicle screw fixation after implantation in the spine provides sufficient fixation stability, has better fatigue resistance, elevates instantaneous pul-out force and fatigue pul-out strength, and presents strong stability.

Objective To investigate the effects of parecoxib and morphine on remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia in patients undergoing orthopedic operation. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 20-62 yr, weighing 45-100 kg, undergoing orthopedic surgery, were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 20 each). Anesthesia was induced with midazolam, propofol, remifentanil and rocuronium. The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation. Group Ⅰ received iv injection of morphine 0.15 mg/kg, group Ⅱ received iv injection of parecoxib 20 mg and morphine 0.075 mg/kg and group Ⅲ received iv injection of parecoxib 40 mg and morphine 0.075 mg/kg. Anesthesia was maintained with infusion of propofol and remifentanil and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium. The emergence time, consciousness recovery time, extubation time,incidence of agitation and shivering, and VRS score at 5 min after recovery of consciousness were recorded. Pain at rest and at movement was evaluated using VAS score at 1,2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h (T1-6) after surgery and MAP andHR were recorded simultaneously. The incidence of nausea and vomiting during 24 h after surgery was also recorded. Blood samples were taken before induction of anesthesia, at the end of operation and 24 h after operation for determination of plasma concentrations of PGE2 and TNF-α. Results There was no significant difference in emergence time, consciousness recovery time, extubation time, VRS scores, MAP, HR, incidence of agitation,shivering, nausea and vomiting among the 3 groups. Compared with group Ⅰ , VAS scores at rest at T1-2 and at movement at T1-6 were significantly increased in group Ⅱ , while VAS scores at rest and at movement decreased at T1-5 in group Ⅲ (P＜0.05). VAS scores at rest at T1-6 and at movement at T1-5 were significantly lower in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅱ (P＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference in the plasma concentrations of PGE2 and TNF-α at different time points between group Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P＞0.05). The plasma concentrations of PGE2 and TNF-α were significantly lower at the end of surgery in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P＜0.05). Conclusion Preoperative iv parecoxib 40 mg and morphine 0.075 mg/kg can reduce remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia in patients undergoing orthopedic operation, and the efficacy is better than that of morphine alone.

Objective To systematic evaluate the effectiveness of group counseling in the social anxiety among college students.Methods Relevant literature between January 1990 and December 2013 was searched by computer and relevant group intervention study about social anxiety among college students was collected,and then meta analysis was used in statistical analysis.Results In terms of each factor score of SCL-90,they showed significant differences not only between pre-treatment and post-treatment of the intervention group,but also between pretreatment and follow-up.The results indicated that the combined effect size of comparison of the data in these reports with pre-treatment vs.post-treatment varied between 0.27 and 0.66,pre-treatment vs.follow-up varied between 0.24 and 0.67.Conclusion Group counseling can effectively increase the level of mental health of the social anxiety among college students.

Objective To investigate the effect of anti-CD81(antibodys against CD81) on the proliferation of astrocytes. Methods Purified astrocytes from newborn rats' cerebral cortex were divided into 6 groups and added with anti-CD81 different concentrations(0,0.1,0.5,1,5,10?mg/L).The activity of astrocytes was tested by methyl thiazolyl terazolium(MTT).Three significative groups were chosen based on MTT result and added with anti-CD81 of different concentrations(0,0.5,5mg/L).After administration for 24 hours,the cell cycle of the astrocytes was measured by flow cytometer.The corresponding data were analyzed with SPSS statistical software. Results 1.By MTT,the average optical density(AOD) values of astrocytes were reduced after administration with anti-CD81 of different concentrations for 24 hours,that is,the number of astrocytes was reduced,which indicated anti-CD81 inhibited the proliferation of astrocytes and the effect showed a dose-dependent pattern.2.By cell cycle analysis,a progressive dose-dependent decrease was found in the index of cells in G-0/G-1 phase and an increase in S phase.Such as,the index of cells in G-0/G-1 phase,was 82.73 in 0,is 82.16 in 0.5?mg/L,was 78.58 in 5?mg/L.Conclusion Anti-CD81 inhibits the proliferation of astrocytes and the number of astrocytes is reduced.Further more,the index of cells decreases in G-0/G-1 phase and increases in phase S after administration with anti-CD81.This study shows that anti-CD81 doesn't restrain the cells from G-1 phase to S phase but the cells are arrested in S phase.