Objective:To investigate the effect of acute myocardial infarction (AMI)-activated inflammation on adipokine imbalance and the therapeutic effects of statin.Methods:A total of 32 C57BL/6 mice were divided into 4 groups:a sham group,an AMI group,a low-dose atorvastatin [2 mg/(kg.d)] group and a high-dose atorvastatin [20 mg/(kg.d)] group.AMI models were established by surgical coronary artery ligation.Plasma levels of high sensitive C reaction protein (hs-CRP),adiponectin and resistin were measured.Adiponectin and resistin expressions were determined.In addition,mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in vitro were differentiated and they were stimulated by oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL).The protein expressions of adiponectin and resistin in adipocytes were detected.The effects of atorvastatin on ox-LDL-induced adipokine imbalance in adipocytes were identified.Results:The plasma levels of hs-CRP and resistin in AMI mice were significantly increased,whereas the plasma levels of adiponectin were remarkably decreased.However,atorvastatin treatment blocked the changes in the plasma levels of hs-CRP,resistin and adiponectin in AMI mice in a dose-dependent manner.Consistent findings regarding the adipose expressions of the two adipokines were obtained.The plasma levels of hs-CRP were positively correlated with resistin but negatively with adiponectin.In vitro study,ox-LDL increased resistin protein and adiponectin expressions in adipocytes,which were dose-dependently reversed by atorvastatin.Conclusion:Inflammation activation in AMI mice leads to adipokine imbalance.Atorvastatin ameliorates the AMI-induced adipokine imbalance via anti-inflammation.

Objective To compare the safety and effectiveness of duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection (DPPHR) with pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD) in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis with a pancreatic head mass.Methods Medline,Biosis,Cochrane Library,Science Citation Index Database,CBM Database,Wan Fang and CNKI were searched systematically.The bias risk of the included trials was assessed according to the assessing tools as suggested by the Cochrane Handbook.Review Manage 5.2 was used to perform the statistical analysis.Results 7 RCTs with 226 patients were included in the meta-analysis which showed that there were no significant differences between PPPD and DPPHR in overall postoperative morbidity,postoperative hospital stay,complete pain relief,pancreatic fistula,exocrine insufficiency,symptom score at 5 to 7-year follow-up,and quality of life score at 14 to 15-year follow-up (P ＞ 0.05).While DPPHR had significant superiorities in operation time,blood replacement,delayed gastric emptying,occupational rehabilitation after the operations,weight gain,quality of life score at 1 to 2-year follow-up,symptom score at 5 to 7-year follow-up,and physical functioning score at 14 to 15-year follow-up.Conclusions DPPHR is more favourable than PPPD in reducing the use of blood replacement,shortening operation time,delayed gastric emptying,occupational rehabilitation after the operations,weight gain,physical functioning,and in improving quality of life of patients.

Objective To systematically evaluate the safety and effectiveness of combined portal vein resection and reconstruction in the resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.Methods Literatures were researched using Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,China Biology Medicine disc,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang database,VIP database from January 31,2006 to January 31,2016 with the key words including “hilar cholangiocarcinoma”“Klatskin tumor”“Bile duct neoplasm”“Vascular resection”“portal vein resection”“肝门部胆管癌”“血管切除”“门静脉切除”.The clinical studies of resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma with portal vein resection and construction and without vascular resection and construction were received and enrolled.Two reviewers independently screened literatures,extracted data and assessed the risk of bias.Patients who underwent resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma combined with portal vein resection and reconstruction were allocated into the portal vein resection group and patients who didn't undergo vascular resection were allocated into the no vascular resection group.Analysis indicators included (1) results of literature retrieval;(2) results of Meta-analysis:① incidence of postoperative complications (hepatic failure,biliary fistula,intra-abdominal hemorrhage),② postoperative mortality,③ patients' prognosis,④ related indicators of postoperative pathology (lymph node metastasis rate,moderate-and low-differentiated rate,nerve invasion rate,negative rate of resection margin).The heterogeneity of the studies was analyzed using the I2 test.The hazard ratio (HR) and 95％ confidence interval (CI) were used for assessing the prognostic indicators.The incidence of complications,mortality and pathological indicators were evaluated by the odds ratio (OR) and 95％ CI.Results (1) Results of literature retrieval:13 retrospective studies were eurolled in the meta-analysis,and the total sample size was 1 668 cases including 437 in the portal vein resection group and 1 231 in the no vascular resection group.(2) Results of Meta-analysis:① incidence of postoperative complications was respectively 39.86％ in the portal vein resection group and 35.27％ in the no vascular resection group,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (OR =1.12,95％ CI:0.82-1.53,P ＞0.05).The results of subgroup analysis showed that hepatic failure,biliary fistula and intra-abdominal hemorrhage were postoperative main complications,and the incidences were 17.09％,8.79％,6.25％ in the portal vein resection group and 10.62％,9.69％,2.51％ in the no vascular resection group,respectively,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (OR =0.48,1.13,0.82,95％ CI:0.23-1.02,0.45-2.83,0.21-3.12,P ＞ 0.05).② Postoperative mortality was respectively 5.38％ in the portal vein resection group and 3.88％ in the no vascular resection group,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (OR =1.16,95％ CI:0.62-2.14,P ＞ 0.05).③ There was statistically significant difference in patients' prognosis between the 2 groups (HR =1.81,95％ CI:1.52-2.16,P ＜ 0.05).④ The related indicators of postoperative pathology:lymph node metastasis rate,moderate-and low-differentiated rate and negative rate of resection margin were 41.55％,76.42％,63.74％ in the portal vein resection group and 33.42％,66.75％,64.29％ in the no vascular resection group,respectively,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (OR =1.45,1.59,0.67,95％ CI:0.95-2.21,0.97-2.61,0.37-1.20,P ＞ 0.05).The nerve invasion rate was 83.47％ in the portal vein resection group and 64.90％ in the no vascular resection group,with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (OR =2.61,95 ％ CI:1.45-4.70,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Combined portal vein resection and reconstruction is safe and feasible in the treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma,and the prognosis of patients with portal vein invasion is worse than that without portal vein invasion.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and surgical treatment of pancreatic cystic tumor.Methods The clinical data of 19 cases of pancreatic cystic tumor from January 2000 to August 2009 was retrospectively analyzed. Results Patients with pancreatic cystic tumor has no specific clinical feature.Ultrasound and CT were main image examinations, but they could not distinguish the pathologic types, and the diagnostic accuracy when compared with postoperative pathologic results was 57.9% (11/19) and 68.4%(13/19) respectively. The tumors were located in the pancreatic head and neck in 5 cases, body and tail in 14 cases, the maxim diameter was between 3 ～ 15 cm. All patients underwent surgical treatment; the rate of curative resection was 84. 2% ( 16/19 ). The rate of intraoperative misdiagnosis was 21.0% ( 4/19 ).Pathologic examination results showed 6 cases of serous cystadenoma, 6 cases of mucinous cystadenoma, 5 cases of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, and 2 cases of intraductal papillary mucinous adenoma. 15 ( 78.9% )patients were followed up. Among the 3 patients with mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, one patient who received curative resection survived for 4 years with no evidence of recurrence; the other 2 patients died 4 months and 7 months later. 12 cases of cystadenoma were alive without recurrence. Four patients, including 2 patients of cystadenoma and 2 patients of cystadenocarcinoma were lost in follow-up. Conclusions To be aware of pancreatic cystic tumors is the key to reduce misdiagnosis and mistreatment. Surgical treatment is the treatment of choice with excellent prognosis.

Objective To explore the methods of diagnosis and appropriate treatment of pancreatic duct stone.Methods Clinical data of 16 patients with pancreatic duct stone from March,2005 to August,2009 were analyzed retrospectively.Results 15 patients presented with varying degrees of upper abdominal pain,another one with irregular diarrhea.Serum and urine amylase level was higher than the upper limit of normal level in 3 patients;serum glucose was elevated in 4 patients.The diagnostic accuracy by Bultrasonography,CT,MRI,ERCP and KUB was 93.8%(15/16),68.8% (11/16),57.1% (4/7);100%(2/2) and 50% (3/6),respectively.2 cases underwent endoscopic pancreatic sphincterotomy + pancreatic stent drainage,14 cases were treated with surgery,including transpancreatic duct lithotomy + pancreatic jejunal anastomosis in 12 cases,pancreatoduodenectomy in 1 ease,and pancreatic body and tail resection +pancreatic jejunal Roux-en-Y anastomosis in one case.All operations were successful without mortality,and abdominal pain was significantly improved.Follow up of 14 cases showed no stone recurrence.Two patients were lost in follow up,so the follow up rate was 87.5% with the duration ranging from 1 to 53 months.Conclusions B-ultrasonography was the best imaging examination for pancreatic duet stone,but the combined application of imaging tests could significantly improve the diagnostic yield,and imaging examination provided an important basis for the choice of treatment method.With the improvement of endoscopic techniques,ERCP will be as important as surgery for the treatment of pancreatic duct stone.

ObjectiveTo explore diagnosis and surgical treatment of pancreatic duct stone.MethodsClinical data of 21 patients with pancreatic duct stone was analyzed retrospectively. All patients were diagnosed definitely by B-ultrasonography,CT and MRI, the positive rates were 90.5％( 19/21 ),66.7％(14/21) and 55.6％ (5/9) respectively, 15 cases did transpancreatic duct lithotomy and pancreatico-intestinal anastomosis, 1 case excised the tail of pancreas simultaneously, 1 case did pancreaticoduodenectomy, 4 cases treated by endoscopy. ResultsAll operations succeeded, 1 case occurred with pancreatic leakage after a small amount of discharge tube, 1 case appeared acute pancreatitis after endoscopic treatment,who was discharged after conservative treatment. Following up 19 cases from 4 to 72 months, the symptom was released, no stone relapsed,6 cases with mild catarrhal dysentry. ConclusionB-ultrasonography, CT can basically make definite diagnosis for pancreatic duct stone, and B-ultrasonography has higher rate of diagnosis, transpancreatic duct lithotomy and pancreatico-intestinal anastomosis are the main surgical treatments, endoscopy is the method to treat pancreatic duct stone.

Atherosclerosis ; prevention & control ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; drug therapy ; United States

Objective To investigate the dietary nutrition status of plateau frontier forces and to make recommendations on food and nutrients intake for plateau forces.Methods The dietary status of the plateau forces located at an altitude of 4600 m and 4030 m was investigated by weighing method.The dietary ration for soldiers, their daily dietary allowance and dietary balance index were used to evaluate their dietary patterns and nutrient intake.The concentrations of serum vitamin A and 25-OH vitamin D(25-OH VD) were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The arm muscle circumference and body fat rate of soldiers were evaluated by GJB 1636A-2016 and body composition related standard respectively.Results The intake of eggs, milk and plant oil of Unit A was sufficient, while the rest of the food intake did not reach the military standard;The intake of grain and plant oil of Unit B was sufficient,but the rest of the food intake was insufficient.The intake of protein,calcium,phosphonium,sodium,iron,selenium,iodine,copper,manganese,vitamin E and vitamin B3 of Unit A were adequate, but that of energy,potassium,zinc,magnesium,vitamin D,vitamin C,vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 was insufficient, and the intake of vitamin A,vitamin B6,vitamin B9 and vitamin B12 of Unit A was deficient.The intake of energy, protein,vitamin E,vitamin C,vitamin B1 and vitamin B3,and most of the minerals was adequate in Unit B, but vitamin B2 was insufficient.Furthermore, the intake of calcium,iodine,vitamin A,vitamin D and vitamin B was deficient.The proportion of nutrients which supply energy and the energy distribution of three meals in the two units were imperfect.The concentration of plasma vitamin A in both units was sufficient,but the concentration of plasma 25-OH VD was deficient.93.5% soldiers of unit A and 97.7% soldiers of unit B reached the standard of proper muscle circumference,80.6% soldiers of unit A and 70.5% soldiers of unit B had a low body fat rate.Conclusion The dietary structure of plateau border forces is not balanced.The intake of some foods and nutrients is insufficient so that nutritional education is badly needed to improve the dietary status of plateau forces.

Objective To study the use of a preoperative predictive scoring system established by the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center,Washington University School of Medicine and Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania for patients with clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) after pancreaticoduodenectomy.Methods The clinical data of 394 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at the Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from September 2007 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.The four indexes including the gland texture,pathology,pancreatic duct diameter and intraoperative blood loss were calculated for the predictive score system using the logistic regression test.The factors associated with CR-POPF were analyzed.The sensitivity and specificity of the predictive scoring system were determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results Of the 70 patients who were diagnosed to have postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF),34 were CR-POPF,which included 36 with grade A,23 with grade B and 11 with grade C.Univariate analysis showed that male,preoperative serum total bilirubin level ≥ 170 mmol/L,pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer,portal vein invasion,soft pancreatic texture,main pancreatic duct diameter ≤ 3 mm,and pancreaticojejunostomy were significantly related to POPF after pancreaticoduodenectomy (P ＜ 0.05).Portal vein invasion,pancreatic texture and main pancreatic duct diameter were the risk factors of CR-POPF after pancreaticoduodenectomy (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate analysis showed the independent risk factors associated with POPF were male,preoperative serum total bilirubin level ≥ 170 mmol/L,soft pancreatic texture and main pancreatic duct diameter ≤3 mm (P ＜ 0.05),while soft pancreatic texture and main pancreatic duct diameter ≤3 mm were the independent risk factors of CR-POPF (P ＜ 0.05).There were significant differences in the clinical relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula rates among the negligible risk,low risk,intermediate risk,and high risk patients with CR-POPF (P ＜ 0.05).The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the Fistula Risk Scoring system were 76.5％ and 95.8％,respectively.The nomogram showed the area under the curve was 0.913 (95％ CI:O.858 ～ 0.968).Conclusion The preoperative predictive scoring system accurately predicted the occurrence of CR-POPF.

Objective To evaluate the treatment of gastroentero-pancreatic neuroendcorine neoplasms with liver metastasis.Methods Two gastroentero-pancreatic neuroendcorine neoplasms with liver metastases treated at Anhui Provincial Hospital Affliated of Anhui Medical University were analyzed retrospectively.Results In first patient liver metastases from duodenal papilla neuroendocrine neoplasm was treated by four courses of TACE until the liver metastases completely disappeared.The patient then underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy to eradicate the primary tumor.The patient was followed up for 2 years and was doing well.In second patient, liver metastasis, noted four years after distal pancreatectomy for a neuroendocrine tumor, was initially managed by high dosage of octreotide and sunitinib.After these attempts failed, the patient received a liver transplantation four years ago and was followed up until March 1, 2015 without tumor recurrence.Conclusion Liver metastasis of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendcorine neoplasms responds positively to liver transplant with pretty good prognosis.