Objective To study the methods and outcome of 71 patients with Parkinson's disease treated with microelectrode-guided stereotactic pallidotomy and thalamotomy. Method Pallidal and thalamal target sites are chosen by supervision of microelectrode recording technique in 71 patients with Parkinson's disease. The UPDRS motor score was used to evaluate the outcomes 12 weeks before and after operation Result After 12 months follow-up, tremor disappeared completely or nearly completely in 12 patients who underwent unilateral and l bilateral ventrolateral thalamotomy. Dramatic improvement of tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia were observed in 57 patients underwent posteroventral pallidotomy,including 6 underwent bilateral posteroventral pallidotomy. Intracerebral hemorrhage was observed in l patient. Conclusion Microelectrode-guided stereotactic pallidotomy and thalamotomy are effective in treatmenting Parkinson's disease, but with serious complications

To prepare rivastigmine liposome, rivastigmine was loaded into liposome via ammonium sulfate gradient method. Its pharmacokinetic profile in rats was evaluated after intranasal administration. The size, zeta potential, entrapped efficiency and release of rivastigmine from the liposome in vitro were determined. Plasma concentration of rivastigmine was determined by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) using antipyrine as internal standard. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 2.0. The entrapped efficiency of rivastigmine liposome was (33.41 +/- 6.58) %, with the mean diameter of 154-236 nm and zeta potential of (-10.47 +/- 2.41) mV. The release behavior of rivastigmine was fitting the first order equation in vitro. The pharmacokinetic studies indicated that the C(max), T(max) and AUC(0-infinity), of rivastigmine liposome were (1.50 +/- 0.15) mg x L(-1), 15 min and (89.06 +/- 8.30) mg x L(-') x min, respectively. Rivastimine liposome was absorbed rapidly, and could reach a certain concentration in rat plasma after intranasal delivery.

Objective To study the organizational commitment and influencing factors of clinical nurses at tertiary hospital in Shenzhen. Methods 347 clinical nurses from a tertiary hospital were select-ed by stratified random sampling and investigated and analyzed for organizational commitment with ques-tionnaires. Results Total score for organizational commitment of clinical nurses was (60.45±9.99),in which, from the highest to the lowest, the scores for five aspects were normative commitment (14.49±2.97), affective commitment (13.50±3.57), ideal commitment (11.69±3.20), economic commitment (11.27±3.23), opportunity commitment (9.50±3.30),respectively, their influencing factors included age, nursing age, mari-tal status, professional tide. Conclusions The organizational commitment of clinical nurses is at higher-middle level, their influencing factors are multi-dimensional, demographic characteristics have different im-pact on five aspects of organizational commitment.

AIM To develop an HPLC method for the simultaneous content determination of ginsenosides Rb1,Rd,F4,Rg1,20 (R)-Rg3,20 (S)-Rg3,Rgs,20 (R)-Rh1,20 (S)-Rh1,Rh4,Rk1,Rk3 and notoginsenoside R1 in Shusanqi Powder (processed Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma).METHODS The analysis of 70％ methanol extract of this drug was performed on a 35 ℃ thermostatic Agilent Zorabax-C1s column (4.6 mm ×250 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-water flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 203 nm.RESULTS Thirteen saponins showed good linear relationships within their own ranges (r =0.999 5),whose average recoveries were 90.01％-108.32％ with the RSDs of 0.62％-3.54％.CONCLUSION This sensitive and accurate method can be used for the quality control of Shusanqi Powder.

OBJECTIVE:To provide references for the clinical research on the optimized therapeutic regimen in the treatment of cerebral infarction. METHODS:The medication information of 1 738 cases cerebral infarction patients in 8 tertiary grade A hospitals in Shandong province between January 2003 and January 2005 was analyzed statistically. RESULTS:The majority cases were administered with dehydrants,thrombolytic,drugs that could prevent platelet from aggregation,improve cerebral circulation and cerebral metabolism,meanwhile,they were given the combined treatment,chiefly the supporting treatment,the cure rate and improvement rate were 92.69%,the mortality was 3.45%,automatic (without cure)hospital discharge rate was 2.42%,the medication was rational. CONCLUSION:Multi-application,long course of treatment,high prices,heavy economical burden were often the cases in the treatment of cerebral infarction. It is essential to conduct pharmacoeconomics study so as to the lessen patients' economical burden and obtain an optimized therapeutic regime.

Objective To report the experiences in the endovascular embolization treatment of intracranial aneurysm. Methods A total of 29 patients with intracranial aneurism were treated with Gugliemi detachable coils(GDC). Results Complete occlusion was found in 15 cases, 90% occlusion in 12 and 80% in 2. Three patients had different degrees of headache. The coil escaping from the sac of the aneurysm and suspending in the parent artery of the aneurysm was seen in 1 patient. Two patients died: one was due to disruption of aneurysm and another severe bleeding in digestive tube. Conclusion Endovascular embolization of intracranial aneurysm is a minimally traumatic, safe and effective method for the treatment of intracranial aneurysm. GDC system is of easy operation, high safety and low incidence of complications.

ObjectiveTo investigate the misdiagnostic reason and treatment of the syndrom of splenic flexure of colon(SSFC). MethodsThe clonical data of 21 patients with SSFC admitted from May 1993 to May 2001 were retrospectively analysed. ResultsThese patients aged from 51 to 88 years old with a median age of 67.8years.Clinical manifestalion was repetitive stomach pain, abdominal distension, constipation, etc. Double contrast radiology of colon demonstrated that too high fixation site of colon of splenic flexure, volvulus of colon of splenic flexure, and displacement of colon usually occurred together with transverse or sigmoid colon redundant.All of them were cured by cololysis of colon of splenic flexure, redundant partial colectomy and managing other companying diseases.Postoperative pathological diagnoses were chronic colitis.Followed up was done for 6 months to 6 years, all of them released from primary symptoms. ConclusionsThe main misdiagnostic reason of SSFC is less understanding of SSFC and did not take double contrast radiology of colon. By way of cololysis of splenic flexure, redundant colon resection and managment other companying abdominal diseases, most patients with SSFC may expect satisfactory treatment effects.

High altitude polycythemia (HAPC) had become one of the main common chronic diseases, which had seriously threatened the health of Plateau people. In the Tibetan medicine classic bookSi-Bu Yi-Dian, there were recordings on HAPC treatment methods and medications, which had the unique advantages of identified therapeutic effect with little side effect. This article analyzed Tibetan medicine in the prevention and treatment of HAPC from aspects such as etiology and pathogenesis, clinical treatment advantages and modern innovation study. Questions were also raised on lacking of standardization on HAPC clinical effectiveness, as well as Tibetan medicine compound material basis and action mechanisms were unclear. It was proposed that based on the inheritance of Tibetan medicine theoretical basis and clinical therapeutic effect, the Tibetan medicine original thinking should be combined with modern science and technology, in order to strengthen the analysis of ancient literature collection in HAPC treatment and data mining in medication experiences. The clinical treatment standards and medication plan should be standardized. Methods of systems biology, such as metabolomics, can be used in the further study of the scientific connotation of HAPC treatment by Tibetan medicine.

Objective To study the effects of exercises training on the recovery of neurological function and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in perihematomal brain tissue after intra cerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats. Methods Sixty-four male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into exercises group and control group. ICH model was induced by autobiood injection. The rats in exercises group were given balance, grasping and walking exercises every day. The rats in control group exercised freely in standard cages. Neurological function in both groups was measured at the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st d. All the rats were sacrificed and the concentration of MMP-9 was measured with immunohistochemical method and in situhybridization. Results In both groups neurological function scores was lowest at the 3rd d, were highest at the 21st d. There was no significant difference between two groups at the 3rd d, but at the 7th, 14th and 21st d the differences between two groups were significant ( P < 0.05 ). In exercises group, MMP-9 expressed weakly at the 3rd d, and peaked at the 7th d, then declined gradually. In control group, MMP-9 expression peaked at the 3rd d, then decreased slowly. MMP-9 protein expression was in accord with mRNA. MMP-9 expression in exer-cises group was significantly different from control group on the 3rd and 7th d (P < 0.05 ) , but not at the 14th and 21st d ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusions Early exercises can inhibit the expression of MMP-9 that could play a role in protecting neurons. Daily exercises can stimulates the expression of MMP-9 so as to have a positive role in midstage of disease. MMP-9 may be involved in tissue remodelling and vascular repairing, which prompt neu-rofunction recovery.

Objective:To investigate the effect of intraoperative body temperature on prognosis of elderly patients with strangulated small bowel obstruction.Methods:The clinical data of 113 elderly patients with strangulated small intestinal obstruction and perform partial resection and anastomosis admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from December 2017 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The ROC curve was used to analyze the relationship between the intraoperative body temperature(T) and the prognosis of patients, so as to obtain the optimal cutoff point (Ta). According to the relationship between T and Ta, all patients were divided into hypothermia group (33 cases) (T