The paper is aimed to study the enzymatic hydrolysis of the activatable cell-penetrating peptide (ACPP) that was designed and synthesized. The ACPP was composed of three parts, polyanionic sequence peptide, peptide sequence that specifically cleaved by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and cell penetrating peptide (CPP). The ACPP was hydrolyzed by type IV collagenase (MMP-2/9) under the condition of 37 degrees C and was monitored by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The efflux of peak was collected and detected by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization orthogonal time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDIO-TOF-MS) to speculate the sequences of the peptide fragments. The results indicated that the ACPP could be cleaved by type IV collagenase at target site as predicted, released CPP. The half life of the cleavage was about 4 h. Meanwhile, the peptide fragments may be cleaved again at other sites by type IV collagenase.

Most authors agree that arachnoid cyst accounts for about 1 % of all intracranial space-occupying lesions, but this lesion is more frequently found now-a-days as the application of cranial CT becomes more common, your cases of intracranial arachnoid cyst were reported with discussions on its etiolgy, pathogenesis, symptomatology, diagnosis, and treatment.In children, the presenting symptom is hydrocephalic manifestations; while in adults, it is headache with various focal symptoms depending on the locations of the cyst. There are certain indications for surgical therapy but direct excision is the treatment of choice in most cases. Surgical mortality should be seriously considered and not be neglected. No death occurred in our four cases.

The alteration of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) induced bycigarette smoking was studied in Wistar rats, piglets and in humans. The percentage changeof pulmonary vascular resistance (△PVR%) and the amplitude of the systolic wave inimpedance pneumorheogram (△H%) were used to estimate the strength of HPV. It was observed that immediately after acute cigarette smoking, HPV in rats was in-creased (△PVR% from 55. 0?15. 6% to 102. 3?12. 4%), which was mainly mediated byleukotrienes (LTs); whereas HPV in piglets was decreased (△PVR% from 65.2?12. 5%to 55.9?9. 8%), which was mainly mediated by ? adrenergic receptors, and HPV inhumans was also increased (△H% from 20. 6? 2. 6% to 31. 1?4. 1%), in which prostag.landins and leukotrienes may play the role of mediators. However, after one-month ciga- rette smoking, the HPV of rats was significantly lowered (△PVR% 11. 4?1. 6%). Anincrease in vasodilative prostaglandins synthesis and a decrease in leukotrienes synthesismight haye contributed to this alteration of HPV.

Three compounds were isolated from the leaves of Rabdosia amethystoides (Benth) C.Y.Wu et Hsuan. They were identified as Irabdosinaiol (Ⅰ), oleauolic acid (Ⅱ), ?-sitostcrol (Ⅲ) on the basis of chcmical reactions and spectral data. compounds Ⅰ and Ⅱ were isolated for the first time from this plant.

Three species of borneol from different origins, namely Borneol Camphor (extracted fromDryobalanops aromatica Gaerth. f. ), Balsamiferous Blumea Borneol (extracted from Blumeabalsamifera DC. ) and synthetic borneol, were studied by macroscopic and microscopic iden .tification and GC method. Their differences were revealed. The amount of borne0l and isob-orneol in the samples were determined.

Objective To explore the effects of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) on the cognitive function of pilots. Methods The cognitive function of 13 pilots diagnosed as severe OSAHS and 10 healthy pilots as control was evaluated using Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Flicker Fusion Frequency Indicator, Many Reaction Time Tester, Space Place Memory Span Tester, Attention Instrument and Guard Tester. The correlation analyses were also performed between the ESS, AHI, MinSaO2% with the results of each cognitive test in the OSAHS group. Results Compared with the healthy control subjects, the scores of ESS in OSAHS group were significantly higher (P

BACKGROUND:Psychological factors could influence the degree of pain after total knee arthroplasty. However, the effects of perioperative psychological intervention on postoperative pain and joint function are rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:To study the efficacy and safety of alprazolam for patients with anxiety and depression before total knee arthroplasty. METHODS:Sixty-one patients with anxiety and depression before unilateral total knee arthroplasty were recruited. The patients were given the treatment of alprazolam (experimental group) or placebo (control group) at 2 weeks preoperatively. Baseline data were collected, preoperative anxiety and depression were assessed with Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Beck Depression Inventory, perioperative pain at rest and in activity at each time point was evaluated, postoperative NSAIDs drugs and intravenous self-control analgesia pump usage were recorded, the peripheral neurotransmitters were detected by ELISA, short-and mediate-term joint fuction was evaluated through Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index and Knee Society Score after joint replacement, patient satisfaction and in-hospital relevant indexes and adverse reactions were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) After the application of alprazolam, anxiety and depression were improved notablely, and the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine andγ-aminobutyric acid in peripheral blood were increased at 2 weeks. (2) The visual analogue scale scores at rest in the experiemntal group were significnatly lower than those in the control group at 12 hours, 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days postoperatively (P<0.05);the visual analogue scale scores in activity in the experiemntal group were significnatly lower than those in the control group at 12 hours, 1, 2, 3, and 5 days postoperatively (P<0.05). (3) Analgesia pump and analgesic drug usage in the experiemntal group were significantly less than those in the control group, and the analgesic drug dosage and preoperative anxiety depression were correlated. (4) There were no significant differences in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index and Knee Society Score between two groups. (5) The patient satisfaction, sleep index and hospitation time in the experimental group were superior to those in the control group. No obvious adverse reactions occurred during medication. (6) Our results suggest that for patients diagnosised with anxiety and depression before total knee replacement, the preoperative application of alprazolam can alleviate anxiety and depression, improve perioperative pain at rest and in activity, reduce postoperative analgesia drug useage, and increase patient satisfaction.

To prepare rivastigmine liposome, rivastigmine was loaded into liposome via ammonium sulfate gradient method. Its pharmacokinetic profile in rats was evaluated after intranasal administration. The size, zeta potential, entrapped efficiency and release of rivastigmine from the liposome in vitro were determined. Plasma concentration of rivastigmine was determined by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) using antipyrine as internal standard. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 2.0. The entrapped efficiency of rivastigmine liposome was (33.41 +/- 6.58) %, with the mean diameter of 154-236 nm and zeta potential of (-10.47 +/- 2.41) mV. The release behavior of rivastigmine was fitting the first order equation in vitro. The pharmacokinetic studies indicated that the C(max), T(max) and AUC(0-infinity), of rivastigmine liposome were (1.50 +/- 0.15) mg x L(-1), 15 min and (89.06 +/- 8.30) mg x L(-') x min, respectively. Rivastimine liposome was absorbed rapidly, and could reach a certain concentration in rat plasma after intranasal delivery.

Objective To study the organizational commitment and influencing factors of clinical nurses at tertiary hospital in Shenzhen. Methods 347 clinical nurses from a tertiary hospital were select-ed by stratified random sampling and investigated and analyzed for organizational commitment with ques-tionnaires. Results Total score for organizational commitment of clinical nurses was (60.45±9.99),in which, from the highest to the lowest, the scores for five aspects were normative commitment (14.49±2.97), affective commitment (13.50±3.57), ideal commitment (11.69±3.20), economic commitment (11.27±3.23), opportunity commitment (9.50±3.30),respectively, their influencing factors included age, nursing age, mari-tal status, professional tide. Conclusions The organizational commitment of clinical nurses is at higher-middle level, their influencing factors are multi-dimensional, demographic characteristics have different im-pact on five aspects of organizational commitment.