Objective To determine normal reference ranges for venous blood count among children aging from 1 year old to 12 years old.Methods These normal reference ranges were defined in a population of 526 healthy children who had no blood system diseases,allergic diseases,respiratory system diseases,urinary system diseases,digestive system disease,rheumatoid disease,thyroid disease,parasitic infections,malignancies and genetic disease,etc.Values of white blood cell count (WBC),red blood cell count (RBC),hemoglobin (Hb)concentration,red blood cell specific volume (Hct),mean corpusular volume(MCV),mean cell hemoglo-bin (MCH),mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCHC),platelet (PLT),percentage of neutrophil (NE%),percentage of lymphocyte (LY%),percentage of mononuclear cells (MO%),percentage of acidophilic granulocyte (EOS%).Statistical analysis was done on various parameters that we recorded,and then for every parameter,we could get the various reference ranges for different age groups.Results The subjects were divided into 4 groups based on age.Besides the parameters of WBC count and classification of WBC,the rest of parameters were proved to be of no statistical difference between 4 groups..After an integration of the values,we could get the results as follows:RBC(4.02-5.2)×10 1 2/L,HGB 108-144 g/L,Hct 35.2%-40.4%,MCV 74.6-89.9 fL,MCH 20.9-34.7 pg,MCHC 332- 340 g/L,PLT(157 - 409 )× 10 9/L.WBC count did not have statistical difference between the age group 6-<9 and 9-12,but did have between the rest groups.After an integration of the values of WBC count,it could be conclu-ded that WBC count of age group1-<3 was(4.88-13.38)×10 9/L,that of age group 3-<6 was(4.26-1 1.6)×10 9/L and that of age group 6-12 was (4.24-10.24)×10 9/L.WBC classification results were various in different age groups.The values showed as follows:age group 1-<3 NE:29%-32%,LY:58%-61%;age group 3 -<6 NE:43%-46%,LY:43%-46%;age group 6-<9NE:49%-52%,LY:38%-40%;age group 9 to 12NE:5 1% - 58%,LY:33% - 39%.Conclusion WBC classification re-sults and WBC count do have statistical difference in different age groups.Besides the parameters of WBC count and classification of WBC,the rest of parameters are proved to be of no statistically difference in different age groups.The values of WBC count decrea-ses as the age increases.From WBC classification results,the most apparent fact is that the percentage of neutrophil increases as the age increases but the percentage of lymphocyte is just the contrary.As mentioned above,we suggest that we should establish a spe-cific whole blood count normal reference range for each age group during our laboratory testing work.

BACKGROUND:As a lipid-lowering drug, simvastatin has been proved to be effective in promoting bone formation. Previous studies have demonstrated that local y applied simvastation accelerated fracture healing at middle phase in osteoporotic rats, while no study focuses on the influence of local y applied simvastatin on fracture healing at late period in an osteoporotic rat.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of simvastatin local y applied from a bioactive polymer coating of implants on osteoporotic fracture healing at late period.
METHODS:Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham group, osteoporotic fracture group and simvastatin group. In the sham group, the abdominal cavity was exposed without ovariectomy. Six weeks later, femur fracture models were established in normal or osteotoporotic Sprague-Dawley rats, and intramedul ary stabilization was achieved with uncoated titanium Kirschner wires in normal rats (sham group),with polylactic acid coated titanium Kirschner wires (osteoporotic fracture group) and with simvastatin/polylactic acid coated titanium Kirschner wires (simvastatin group). Femurs were harvested after 12 weeks, bone mineral density was determined with dual X-ray absorptiometry, and then radiographic and histological analysis was performed for analysis of fracture healing. Immunohistochemical evaluation was employed for bone morphogenetic protein 2 expression.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The bone mineral densities of both the total fractured femur and fractured site 12 weeks after fracture in the osteoporotic fracture group and simvastatin group were markedly decreased compared to normal fractured rats. The bone mineral density of the fractured site was significantly higher in the simvastatin group than the osteoporotic fracture group. Radiographic results demonstrated completely finished cal us remodeling in the sham group;poor healing, pale cal us density and blurred fracture line were seen in the osteoporotic fracture group;disappearance of fracture line, bone defects fil ed with cal us, and deep periosteal reaction were found in the simvastatin group. X-ray scores in the sham and simvastatin groups were significantly higher than that in the osteoporotic group (P<0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed a delayed healing process in the osteoporotic group, and revealed a significantly processed cal us with regular-shaped newly formed bone trabeculae in the simvastatin group. Immunohistochemical evaluation showed no significant difference in the bone morphogenetic protein 2 expression between any two groups. These findings suggest an improved fracture healing under local application of simvastatin in osteoporotic rats.

AIM: To assess the degree of oxidative damage during acute myocardial infarction and reperfusion, and to clarify the protective effect of Tongxinluo in mini-swine model. METHODS: Thirty mini-swines were randomized into 5 study groups: sham group, model group, low dose (0.05 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), medium dose (0.2 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) and high dose (0.5 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) of Tongxinluo groups (pretreated with Tongxinluo for 3 d). Animals except in sham group were subjected to 3 h of coronary occlusion followed by 1 h of reperfusion. Concentrations of total antioxidative capability (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in blood sample and the myocardium were measured. RESULTS: (1) T-AOC, T-SOD and GSH in serum significantly decreased (all P<0.05), while MDA significantly increased (P<0.01) at 3 h after AMI in comparison with those at baseline. Compared to those at 3 h after AMI, the contents of T-AOC, T-SOD and GSH at 1 h after reperfusion significantly decreased (all P<0.01), accompanied by increase of MDA (P<0.01). (2) Compared to those in normal area, levels of T-AOC, T-SOD and GSH in reperfusion myocardium decreased significantly (all P<0.01) and MDA increased significantly (P<0.01). T-AOC, T-SOD and GSH in no-reflow myocardium further decreased (all P<0.01) and MDA increased (P<0.01) as compared to those in reperfusion myocardium. (3) Compared to model group, medium dose of Tongxinluo increased the contents of T-AOC and T-SOD and reduced MDA production in serum at 3 h after AMI (all P<0.05), while medium dose of Tongxinluo increased T-SOD level at 1 h after reperfusion (P<0.05). High dose of Tongxinluo increased the levels of T-AOC and T-SOD and decreased MDA content in serum at 3 h after AMI and 1 h after reperfusion (all P<0.05). (4) The medium dose of Tongxinluo increased T-AOC content (P<0.05) and reduced MDA (P<0.05) in reperfusion myocardium, while high dose of Tongxinluo increased T-AOC, T-SOD and GSH (all P<0.05), reduced MDA (P<0.01) in reperfusion myocardium, and also increased T-AOC, T-SOD (all P<0.05), reduced MDA (P<0.01) in no-reflow area as compared to those in model group. CONCLUSION: Impairment of antioxidant defense system in vivo and imbalance of redox homeostasis in myocardium region might play an important role in the pathogenesis of no-reflow after myocardial acute infarction following reperfusion. Tongxinluo protects myocardium from reperfusion injury by improving antioxidant defense and attenuating oxidative damage.

Objective To investigate the correlation among mean platelet volume (MPV) ,serum vitamin D (VD) and immuno-globulin E(IgE) level .Methods A total of 775 children patients in our hospital were selected and grouped according to MPV ,VD and IgE levels .The corresponding detection methods were adopted to detect MPV ,VD and IgE levels .Methods The correlation a-mong these 3 indicators was analyzed .Results The MPV level had statistical difference among the groups with different VD levels (P<0 .05) ,and the MPV level had statistical difference among the groups with different IgE levels (P<0 .05) .The MPV level was negatively correlated with the VD level(r2 =0 .026 ,P<0 .01) ,the MPV level was positively correlated with the IgE level E (r2 =0 .008 ,P<0 .01)and the IgE level and VD level had negative correlation (r2 =0 .08 ,P<0 .01) .Conclusion The VD level is nega-tively correlated with the MPV and IgE levels ,the positive correlation exists between IgE level and MPV level .VD supplement can inhibit platelet activation and inflammation reaction ,and has significant clinical value in the prevention and treating hypersensitive reactive diseases .

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a complication in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The Chinese Children's Cancer Group-ALL-2015 protocol was carried out in China, and epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and risk factors associated with VTE were analyzed. We collected data on VTE in a multi-institutional clinical study of 7640 patients with ALL diagnosed in 20 hospitals from January 2015 to December 2019. First, VTE occurred in 159 (2.08%) patients, including 90 (56.6%) during induction therapy and 108 (67.92%) in the upper extremities. T-ALL had a 1.74-fold increased risk of VTE (95% CI 1.08-2.8, P = 0.022). Septicemia, as an adverse event of ALL treatment, can significantly promote the occurrence of VTE (P < 0.001). Catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) accounted for 75.47% (n = 120); and, symptomatic VTE, 58.49% (n = 93), which was more common in patients aged 12-18 years (P = 0.023), non-CRT patients (P < 0.001), or patients with cerebral thrombosis (P < 0.001). Of the patients with VTE treated with anticoagulation therapy (n = 147), 4.08% (n = 6) had bleeding. The VTE recurrence rate was 5.03% (n = 8). Patients with VTE treated by non-ultrasound-guided venous cannulation (P = 0.02), with residual thrombus (P = 0.006), or with short anticoagulation period (P = 0.026) had high recurrence rates. Thus, preventing repeated venous puncture and appropriately prolonged anticoagulation time can reduce the risk of VTE recurrence.
Humans ; Child ; Venous Thromboembolism/etiology* ; East Asian People ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/epidemiology* ; Risk Factors ; Thrombosis/chemically induced* ; China/epidemiology* ; Anticoagulants/adverse effects* ; Recurrence