Objective To investigate the efficacy of radio-frequency disc nucleoplasty and chemonucleolysis with collagenase for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.Methods Eighty patients with lumbar disc herniation were treated by nucleoplasty combined with chemonucleolysis using collagenase(1200 U) in our hospital from January 2002 to January 2007.Results The patients were re-examined in 2 weeks,4 weeks and 6 months after the operation.According to the modified MacNab criteria,62 patients achieved excellent outcomes,10 were good,6 were fair,and 2 were poor.The rate of excellent and good outcomes were 90%(72/80).No serious complications occurred in this series.Conclusion Radio-frequency disc nucleoplasty and chemonucleolysis with collagenase are minimally invasive and effective for lumbar disc hernia.

Objective To understand the effect of the three-cell latrine and B-type tilted ellipsoid methane tank for eliminating eggs of schistosome in different seasons and temperatures in order to evaluate their values for popularization and application in schistosomiasis endemic areas.Methods The eggs of schistosome collected from infected rabbits were put into the three-cell latrines and methane tanks in different seasons.The miracidia were observed and counted after collecting the eggs for hatching experiments on the 5th,10th,15th,20th,25th,30th,40th,50th,and 60th day,respectively.Results In the three-cell latrine,the time of eliminating eggs completely in the fecal residue in winter,spring(autumn),and summer was 50,30,15 days,respectively,and the time of completely eliminating 100 eggs of schistosome was 40,20,10 days,respectively.Correspondingly,in the methane tank,the time of eliminating eggs completely in the fecal residue in winter,spring(autumn),and summer was 30,15,10 days,respectively,and the time of completely eliminating 100 eggs of schistosome was 20,15,5 days,respectively.Conclusions The three-cell latrine and B-type tilted ellipsoid methane tank could effectively eliminate schistosome eggs in human and animal excreta and achieve the national hygienic standard on night soil in the endemic areas of Jiangxi Province.

Objective To summarize the experience with cadaveric renal transplantation for improving the long-term survival rate of the recipients.Methods The clinical data of 1210 cases(773 men and 437 women;age range,6-75 years) of cadaveric kidney transplantation from 1986 to 2003 were analyzed retrospectively,including the resection of the donor's kidneys,surgical techniques,use of immunosuppressants,and complications.The 1210 patients underwent renal transplantation for most of them(1047 cases) suffered from chronic glomerulonephritis.Lymphocytotoxicity test was performed in 1210 cases with all

【Objective】 To investigate HBV infection with low level of HBsAg and nucleic acid testing(NAT) non-reactive results in blood donors, and analyze molecular characteristics. 【Methods】 Low level HBsAg but NAT-nonreactive samples were collected and tested for HBsAg by Abbott chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA)., HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc were further detected by Roche electrochemiluminescence immunoassay(ECLI). BCP/PC and S regions were also amplified by Nested-PCRs and qPCR for HBV DNA quantity were adopted simultaneously. 【Results】 Of 100 363 donations, 60(0.054%) low level HBsAg and NAT-nonreactive blood samples were enrolled the study. In which, 54/60(90%) and 57/60(95%) were WanTai HBsAg ELISA and DiaSorin HBsAg ELISA reactive respectively. Of 33 cases genotyped, genotype B were 87.9%( 29/33), including adw2 96.6%(28/29) and adw1 3.4%(1/29), C was observed in 4(12.1%) with sero-type adrq+. Mutations in S gene of genotype B such as Q101R, Q129H, T131I, M133L/T, F134L, G145R, V168A, L175S and V177A were observed as notable mutations, which can affect HBsAg diagnosis. A high frequency mutation C1799G(87.5%, 21/24)were detected in BCP/PC and would reduce the replication of virus. The median viral load measured by qPCR was 49.6(0~628)IU/mL. 【Conclusion】 A small part of donations with low-level HBsAg and NAT-nonreactive can not be deferred by one isolated ELISA screening assay. It is necessary to apply more sensitive and specific HBsAg assays and NAT in blood screening, and improve the ability to detected mutants.

【Objective】 To investigate asymptomatic infection of hepatitis B virus(HBV) among hepatitis B vaccinated donors in Shenzhen, and analyze its serological and molecular characteristics. 【Methods】 The HBsAg ELISA positive blood samples of blood donors born after 1992 were collected. HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc were further detected by Roche electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECL). BCP/PC and S regions were amplified by Nested-PCRs, HBV DNA quantification were adopted by qPCR simultaneously, and the sequences were also analyzed. 【Results】 A total of 46 632 blood samples of donors(31 612 males and 15 020 females) from December 2020 to January 2022 collected, and 99 samples with HBsAg ELISA positive were screened out. After tested by ECL, Nested-PCRs, and real-time fluorescence PCR, 61 were confirmed HBsAg positive, with the positive rate at 0.13% (61/46 632), including 49 males (0.16%, 49/31 612) and 12 females (0.08%, 12/15 020). The HBsAg positive rate of males was higher than that of females (P<0.05). 50 out of 61 sequences for S region were obtained. By phylogenetic analysis, there were 46 cases of type B (92%, 46/50, 38 males and 8 females), 4 cases of type C (8%, 4/50, 3 males and 1 female). The high frequency mutations observed in S region were N40S (8/46,17.39%), G44E (7/46,15.22%), Q129H/R(6/46,13.04%), Y161F/S(7/46, 15.22%), V179A(4/46,8.70%), S53L(2/4,50%), C69T(2/4,50%) and I126S/T(2/4,50%), including the immune escape mutations Q129R and T/I126A/N/S/T. 【Conclusion】 Hepatitis B vaccination can significantly reduce the positive rate of HBsAg and increase the safety of blood transfusion. The high frequency immune escape mutations have become a potential risk of blood safety, and need to be further explored.

【Objective】 To investigate NAT non-reactive results implicated in HBsAg ELISA reactive voluntary blood donors in Shenzhen. 【Methods】 HBsAg ELISA+ but NAT-blood samples were collected, and HBsAg was further retested by TRFIA, Roche ECLIA and neutralization test. HBV DNA of individual donation was detected by commercial Roche MPX and Uultrio Elite, and virus nucleic acid was extracted via 2.5 mL. Molecular characterizations of HBsAg+ /NAT-samples were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR) and nested PCR amplifification of the precore and core promoter regions and HBsAg(S) region. HBV serological markers were detected, and the samples with suspicious results were followed up and detected by multi-assay. 【Results】 Among 67 602 samples, 73(0.11%) HBsAg ELISA+ and NAT-blood samples were enrolled in the study. 15(20.5%, 15/73) were confirmed HBsAg+ by TRFIA, ECLI and five alternative DNA assays, and the other 2(2.7%, 2/73) were further identified as HBsAg+ by follow-up study. In 17 confirmed HBsAg+ samples, the viral loads ranged undetectable to 378 IU/mL, with the median of 10.1 IU/mL. Weak correlation was found between HBsAg and HBV DNA load(R²=0.394 4). 【Conclusion】 Some Hepatitis B virus infected blood samples may miss even with different HBsAg assays. Multi-assays with high sensitivity should be combined for blood screening to ensure blood safety..The inconsistent results should be followed up and further tested for hepatitis B serological markers to assist the confirmation.