Objective To establish a method for quality control of Jiangya Yishen Granula. Methods Spanishneedles Herb, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Fruetus Corni, Radix Scrophulariae, Rhizoma Alismatis and Radix Cyathula were identified by TLC. A method of HPLC to determine 2,3,5,4’-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-0-?-D-glucosid, the main effective component from Radix Polygoni Multiflori, was developed. Results The studies on the quality control showed that the characteristics for identification by TLC were distinct. The quantification method had the linear range of 0.016 3～0.522 ?g (r=0.999 9). The average recovery rate was 99.7%, and its RSD was 0.51%. Conclusion The methods can be used for the quality control of the preparation.

Objective To investigate the effects of collagen concentration and pre-freezing temperature on structure and properties of the scaffold. Method A series of porous collagen scaffolds were fabricated with different collagen concentration and pre-freezing temperature by freezing-drying. The effective pore sizes and other properties of the porous scaffolds were evaluated and compared with each other. Chondrocytes of rabbit were separated and cultured on these scaffolds to evaluate their biocompatibility. Result The collagen scaffolds had interconnected pore ranging from 50 to 200 ?m in pore size. With increasing the collagen concentration density and tensile strength of the scaffolds increased, while pore size and degradation rate of the scaffolds decreased, as well as become less homogeneous. Reducing pre-freezing temperature resulted in smaller poresize and slower degradation rate of scaffolds. MTT analyses demonstrated that all the scaffolds availed to cell attachment and proliferation, while increasing collagen concentration and decreasing pre-freezing temperature evidently restrained chondrocytes attachment and proliferation. Conclusion The collagen concentration and pre-freezing temperature have crucial influence on the structure and properties of collagen scaffolds. The suitable collagen scaffolds were obtained by adjusting the collagen concentration and pre-freezing temperature. The bigger of the pore size was. The faster cell proliferation was achieved.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of folic acid on transient ischemic attack(TIA)patients with homocysteinaemia (Hcy ). Methods 129 patients of primary TIA with Hcy were divided into two groups randomly. The observation group ( n = 65 )was administered with conventional therapy and folic acid, and the control group ( n=64 ) was only given conventional therapy. The variances of the plasma HCA level three months later were compared, and remission rate of TIA and complete stroke incidence one year later were analyzed between two groups. Results The Hcy incidence rate of TIA patients was up to 41.4%. Three months later, the plasma HCA level of observation group was lower than control group( ( 14.27 ± 6. 13 ) μmol/L vs (24.99 ± 6.87 )μmol/L, t=2.799, P＜0. 01 ) ,and much lower than that of the control group post-treatment ( ( 14. 27 ±6. 13)μmol/L vs (24.68 ± 6.89) μmol/L, t = 2.735, P ＜ 0.01 ). One year later, the complete stroke incidence of TIA in observation group was lower than that of the control group(9.8% vs 25.0%, P＜0.05 ) ,and complete remission rate was higher than the latter(73.8% vs 50.0%, P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion Folic acid can decrease the plasma HCA level of TIA patients with Hcy efficiently,and improve the prognosis of such patients.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of ischemic postcondioning on cochlea following cochlear ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. METHODSForty two healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely, the sham operation control group, the ischemia reperfusion group and ischemic postcondinging group. There were 14 rats in each group. The content of molondialdehyde(MDA) as well as the activity of catalase(CAT)in cochlea was measured by histochemistry. The ultrastructural changes of stria vascularis capillaries of the cochlea in experimental rats were examined by transmission electron microscopy(TEM). RESULTS In the ischemia reperfusion group, the CAT activities were decreased and MDA concentrations were increased significantly compared with those in the control group. However, in the ischemic postcondinging group, the activities of CAT were increased and MDA concentrations were decreased compared with those in the ischemia reperfusion group. Moreover, lesions were detected in the stria vascularis capillaries in all the three groups. The capillaries of stria vascularis were injured severely in ischemia reperfusion group. In the ischemic postcondinging group, the damage of capillary of stria vascularis were reduced significantly compared with that in ischemia reperfusion group, the structures were near normal, and no obvious destruction was observed. COCLUSION Ischemic postconditioning may markedly reduce the excessive generation of oxygen free radical during the process of ischemia-reperfusion injury and might be a potential strategy for its therapy.

Objective To evaluate the effect of advanced age on sepsis-caused heterogeneity of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in the cytomembrane of skeleton muscle in rats.Methods Twenty SPF adult rats (aged 4-5 months,weighing 250-280 g) and 20 aged male Sprague-Dawley rats (aged 18-20 months,weighing 550-600 g),were obtained from the Experimental Animal Centre of Chongqing Medical University.The adult rats were randomly divided into control group (CAd group,n =10) and sepsis group (SAd group,n =10).The aged rats were randomly divided into control group (CAg group,n =10) and sepsis group (SAg group,n =10).Sepsis was produced by cecal ligation and puncture.The specimens of anterior tibial muscle were obtained at 24 h after operation for determination of the expression of neuronal nAChR (α7-nAChR) and fetal nAChR (γ-nAChR) using immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results The expression of γ-nAChR and α7-nAChR in the cytomembrane of anterior tibial muscle was significantly higher in CAg and SAd groups than in CAd group,and in SAg group than in CAg and SAd groups.Conclusion Advanced age can aggravate sepsis-induced heterogeneity of nAChR in the cytomembrane of skeleton muscle in rats.

ObjectiveTo study the clinical value and efficacy of intracranial hemorrhage smashpuncture needle with YL-1 type disposable under CT monitoring in treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.MethodsThe data of 80 cases with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage patients who accepted the transcranial puncture under CT monitoring application of YL-1 type disposable intracranial hemorrhage smash puncture needle and drainage of hemorrhage,punctuated with urokinase washout and drainaged residual blood clot.Evaluation criteria:hemorrhage volume reduction,average operation time,preoperative and postoperative Glasgow coma scale(GCS) score,the clinical effect of long-term follow-up.ResultsOperation time was 15-45 (25.0 ± 2.8) minutes;hemorrhage volume was reduced by an average of 30％-80％ (56.8 ± 3.2)％,the average increase of GCS was(2.3 ±0.3) scores,10 cases death in 80 patients,70 survivors' activities of daily living (ADL) assessments:grade ADL 1 in 17 cases ( 24.3 ％ ),grade ADL2 in 36 cases( 51.4％ ),grade ADL3 in 13 cases ( 18.6％ ),grade ADL4 in 3 cases(4.3％ ),grade ADL5 in 1 case ( 1.4％ ).ConclusionsYL-1 type disposable intracranial hemorrhage smash puncture needle under CT monitoring in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is a simple,fast and accurate positioning,without craniotomy and blood transfusion,safe and effective operation,but should pay attention to operation indications.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of the extract of ginkgo biloba(EGb)on the spiralganglion neuron(SGNs)in cochlea tissues on the hearing loss induced by noise in rats.Methods Thirty-six healthy animals were randomly divided into three groups:the normal control group(n=12).the noise exposured group(n =12)and the EGb treamment group(n=12).The control group received no noise and no medications.The other two groups were exposed to the noise of 110 dB SPL for consecutively 10 days,6 hours per day.The treatment group rats were injected with 10 ml/d EGb while the other two groups with 0.9%saline of the same amount.The experiment lasted for ten days.The rats were measured by auditory brainsterm response(ABR)before and after niose exposure.The ultrastructural changes of SGNs were detected by tranismision electron microscpoe(TEM) and the contents of malondiadehyde(MDA) and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)were also measured.Results Hearing were signifcantlly decreased in the experimental group.Nevertheless,EGb relatively reduced the contents of MDA while increased the activities of SOD.Conclusion EGb seems to be able to moderately pretect SGNs and to play a preventive and remedial role in noise-induced hearing loss.

Objective To understand the achievements of clonorchiasis sinensis control in Shandong Province during the past forty years. Methods The data of the previous annual clonorchiasis sinensis investigation in Shandong Province were collected and analyzed. Results From 1960s to 1970s, there were 107 counties existing the prevalence of clonorchiasis sinensis in Shandong Province. The infection rate of population was 1.51%, and 85.70% of the infected people were children below fifteen years old. Through the forty years' control, the decreasing of intermediate hosts such as various kinds of fishes and water-snails due to 85. 00% of ditches and ponds dried up by the lasting drying weather after 1980s, and 90. 00% of rivers polluted by increasing liquid waste, as well as the decreasing of infective chances due to 97. 90% of people breaking off the habit of eating not-well-cooked fishes by popularizing health knowledge, to 2003, the population infection rate dropped to 0.04%, 95.60% of the village where residents had the infection dropped to below 1. 00% , and 60. 00% of counties where no Clonorchis sinensis infection was found. Conclusion The clonorchiasis sinensis transmission areas reduce gradually, the infection rate of population decreases to the lowest in the history and the transmission has been controlled in Shandong Province.

Objective To observe the changes of hepatic CT perfusion parameters and their correlation with serum aspartate transaminase( AST),alanine transaminase(ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in a rabbit hepalic ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) model.Methods Hepatic IRI was produced in rabbits by inducing left liver lobe ischemia (60 min) followed by 6 h,12 h and 24 h reperfusion (6 rabbits were used for each reperfusion interval ).Additional 6 rabbits were served as sham-operatedcontrols.All the rabbits were scanned with a dynamic iCT protocol.Blood samples were taken from the superior mesenteric vein to measure the levels of serum amylase (ALT,AST,and ALP) in various groups,and liver samples were taken for histological examinations after scanning.One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine differences between groups.The correlations of CT perfusion parameters with serum levels were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient.Results Heterogeneity of CT perfusion patterns appeared in the 6 h groups,which presented as low enhanced area [ ( 25.1 ± 9.3 ) ml · 1min-1 · 100mg-1].In reduced perfusion regions of IRI group,HAP of 12 h IRI group [ ( 19.5 ± 13.6) ml · min-1 · 100 mg-1],24 h IRI group [(8.0+2.7) ml · min-1 · 100 mg-1 ],HPP of 6 h IRI group [(10.8±5.5) ml · min-1 · 100 rng-1],12 h IRI group [(14.4±5.2) ml · min-1 · 100 mg-1],24 h IRI group [(7.8±3.3) ml · min-1 · 100 mg-1] and TLP of 6 h IRI group [(35.9 ±14.0) ml ·min-1 · 100 mg-1 ],12 h IRI group [ (33.9 ± 16.1) ml · min-1 · 100 mg-1 ],24 h IRI group [ (16.0 ±5.5) ml · min- 1 · 100 mg-1 ] were lower than those of sham group [ HAP (21.2 + 10.5 ) ml · min-1100mg-1,HPP(63.5±24.0) ml · min-1 · 100 mg-1,TLP (81.4±24.8) ml · min-1 · 100 mg-1](F=8.376,25.950,16.925,P＜0.01).However,HPI of 6 h IRI group [(65.9±3.9)％],12 h IRIgroup [ (54.2 ± 16.7)％ ],and 24 h IRI group [ (48.9 ± 10.0)％ ] were higher compared to sham group [ ( 24.1 ± 7.5 ) ％ ] ( F =43.664,P ＜ 0.01 ).But,the perfusion parameters in the relatively normal area of IRI groups showed decline compared with sham group.The levels of AST,ALT and ALP in IRI groups were significantly higher than those in the sham group ( P ＜0.05).In poorly enhancing tissues,TLP and HPP of IRI groups were inversely correlated with AST and ALP respectively ( P ＜ 0.01 ),and HPI was closely related to the increase of AST ( r =0.751,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion These results demonstrate CT perfusion is sensitive to detect the hemodynamic changes.Perfusion parameters are closely correlated to the degree of liver injury in the rabbit IRI model.

Objective To explore early endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of the clinical value of biliarypancreatitis. Methods From January 2007 to December 2009 completed 93 cases acute pancreatitis of endoscopic treatment,routining for endoscopic incision nipple,observed remission of symptoms and recurrence after treatment. Results In these cases acute biliarypancreatitis was 62.4% (58/93),occult biliarypancreatitis diagnosed by endoscopy was 27.6% (16/58),remission rate was 93.8% (15/16),no surgical operation and recurrence. Conclusion Occult biliarypancreatitis occupies a certain proportion of acute pancreatitis,also easily missed diagnosis and recurred,endoscopy is currently the most effective method.