Objective:To compare the short-term efficacy of orthopedic robot-assisted and traditional fluoroscopy-guided sustentaculum talus screw fixation of Sanders type II and III calcaneal fracture with.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 54 patients with Sanders type II and III calcaneal fracture admitted to People′s Hospital of Nanchang County of Jiangxi Province from October 2020 to October 2021, including 30 males and 24 females; aged 29-57 years [(39.5±7.4)years]. Type of fracture was Sanders type II in 38 feet and Sanders type III in 22 feet. Sustentaculum talus screw fixation was performed using orthopedic robot-assisted technique in robot group (26 patients, 28 feet) and using intraoperative fluoroscopy-guided technique in freehand group (28 patients, 32 feet). The intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, incision length, intraoperative blood loss and operation time were recorded. Calcaneus width, B?hler angle and Gissane angle were measured preoperatively and at 3-, 6-month postoperatively. Foot function was assessed using the Maryland scale at 6 months after operation. Postoperative complications were observed.Results:All patients were followed up for 6-8 months [(6.9±0.7)months]. The intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency and operation time were (2.8±0.7)times and (46.9±2.4)minutes in robot group, compared to (10.1±2.0)times and (75.6±3.1)minutes in freehand group (all P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the incision length and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (all P>0.05). The calcaneus width, B?hler angle and Gissane angle in the two groups were improved at postoperative 3, 6 months when compared with preoperative ones (all P<0.05), and the improvement was much better in robot group than that in freehand group ( P<0.05 or 0.01). The excellent and good rate of Maryland score was 100% (28/28) (21 excellent, 7 good) in robot group at postoperative 6 months, compared to 78.1% (25/32) (19 excellent, 6 good, 7 fair) in freehand group ( P<0.05). The postoperative complication rate was 0% (0/28) in robot group and was 6.3% (2/32) in freehand group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:For Sanders type II and III calcaneal fracture, orthopedic robot-assisted sustentaculum talus screw fixation is superior to traditional fluoroscopy-guided internal fixation since it can significantly reduce intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, shorten operation time, improve calcaneus width, B?hler angle and Gissane angle, and achieve better foot function.

Objective: To investigate the Offset values of different applicators in afterloading brachytherapy. Methods: Six types of applicators were selected in this study which included stainless steel interstitial needle (Part#083.062), proguide round needle (Part#189.608), proguide sharp needle (Part#189.601), vaginal multi-channel applicator (Part#110.800), fletcher CT/MR applicator (Part#189.745) and henschke titanium applicator (Part#110.437). According to the sources imaging in the fluorography film, the distance of applicators between the first dwell position and the top could be measured. Marker was pasted on the surface of applicator corresponding to the first dwell position. And then the applicator was put into the pelvic phantom for a CT scan. During applicator reconstruction in the treatment planning system, the Offset values of all applicators could be acquired through adjusting the value of offset to superimpose the first dwell and the marker images. On account of the density of plastic material applicators were similar to human tissues, it was difficult to reconstruct the top of the applicator. With the help of stopper or simulation source, the value of offset could be acquired for plastic material applicators. Based on the measurement results, the differences were analyzed among different applicators. Results: The Offset values significantly differed among various applicators. The Offset value for stainless steel interstitial needle was -11.4 mm, -4.1 mm for proguide round needle, -3.5 mm for proguide sharp needle, 0 mm or -5.0 mm for vaginal multi-channel applicator, -6.5 mm for fletcher CT/MR applicator and -7.5 mm for henschke titanium applicator, respectively. Conclusion To adapt to the rapid development of precise radiotherapy, it is necessary to verify the Offset value in afterloading brachytherapy.

Objective To study the relationship between bronchial asthma and smoking status in Chinese people.Methods Asthma epidemiological survey and stratified-cluster-random method survey were performed in residents over 14 years in 8 provinces (cities) of China from February 2010 to August 2012.Asthma was diagnosed based upon case history,clinical signs and lung function test.Smoking status was investigated by questionnaire.Results Sampling population was 180 099 and 164 215 were valid.A total of 2 034 subjects were diagnosed as asthma including 79 692 men and 84 523 women.The overall prevalence rate of asthma was 1.24％ (2 034/164 215).Smokers were 23.8％ (39 137/164 215) in the whole population.Smokers were 34.5％ (702/2 034) in asthmatic patients,compared with 23.7％ (38 435/ 162 181) in no-asthmatic population.The incidence of asthma was 1.79％ and 1.06％ in smokers and nonsmokers respectively (P ＜0.001),suggesting that OR of smoking was 1.70 (95％ CI 1.55-1.86,P ＜ 0.001).According to asthma control test (ACT) score,the level of asthma control in non smoking group was higher than that in smoking group(43.2％ vs 35.3％).The times of hospitalization due to acute exacerbations (0.51 vs 0.41 events/person/year),total hospitalization rate (27.35 ％ vs 20.12％),annual emergency room visits (0.80 vs 0.60 events/person/year) and emergency room visit rate (31.77％ vs 24.47％) were all much higher in smoking asthmatic patients than those in non smoking asthmatic patients,indicating that the level of asthma control in smoking patients was significantly worse than in non smoking patients.Conclusions The smoking rate in Chinese people over 14 years is still high.The prevalence rate of asthma in smokers is significantly higher than that of non-smokers.The level of asthma control in smokers is significantly worse than that in non smokers.