BACKGROUND:RACK1 is strongly associated with the occurrence and development of oral squamous cel carcinoma. However, the occurrence and development of tumor do not depend on a gene or protein, but a long-term complex process of a network structure of multiple genes and multiple molecules, multi-step, multi-stage joint action. Synergism between tumor genes promotes the formation and development of tumor cel s. Therefore, we cannot limit on a single gene or protein to discover the action mechanism of oral squamous cel carcinoma, but should pay attention on signaling network path related to differential protein or gene, investigate the alterations in related protein or gene expression in the whole signaling pathway, and analyze the action mechanism of the interaction of these molecules.
OBJECTIVE:To screen differential genes related to oral squamous cel carcinoma, construct an interaction network through bioinformatics using STRING database, and provide clues for future tests.
METHODS:In accordance with our previous classic proteomics results and microarray results of oral squamous cel carcinoma, genes with consistent expression and big differences were selected as differential genes. The differential genes were inputted into the database of STRING to find the possible relationship among the protein subunits and to construct network structure of their interaction.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The 19 differential proteins of oral squamous cel carcinoma construct a complicated net work, and the differential proteins interact through these networks. GNB2L1-encoded RACK1 is a node protein and interacts with other differential proteins via WD40 repeated protein (number COG2319) andβ-G protein subunit (number KOG0279). WD40 repeated protein (number COG2319) interacts with 5 differential proteins directly and constructs 10 interacting pathways.β-G protein subunit (number KOG0279) interacts with 8 differential proteins directly, which has 11 interacting pathways. We make a network structure picture based on the interaction of these 19 differential genes by the analysis of the STRING database. The results show that the two subunits of RACK1 protein have direct interaction with 8 differential proteins and have 18 interaction pathways on the picture. As a result, RACK1 is the core protein of the network, suggesting RACK1 is the key node protein in oral squamous cel carcinoma.

Objective To measure the organ weight and body weight of outbred Wuzhishan mini-pigs (WZSP), and calculate the organ coefficient and the linear and multiple linear regression equations between body weight and major organ weights. Methods 30 common WZSP (16 males and 14 females) were chosen,the body weight and 7 organ weights were determined, and the organ coefficients were calculated. The organ coefficients between males and females were compared. The correlation and regression analysis was performed using the SAS software. Results The coefficient of heart had remarkably significant difference between males and females (P<0.05).The linear analysis showed that there were apparent linear correlations between body weight and all the organ weights except for the stomach of males and the lung of females.The weights of liver and kidney showed great influence on the body weight of males, while the body weight of females relied on the weights of heart, liver and kidney greatly. Conclusion Differences of organ coefficients are not significant between males and females,and there are linear relationships between body weight and some major organ weights.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value and limitations of dual-energy virtual non-con-trast images of dual-source CT in common benign liver diseases. Methods Dual-source CT was performed on 226 upper abdomen pathogenesis patients. The conventional non-contrast (CNC) scan was performed with single-energy mode, the arterial phase and portal phase scans were performed with dual-energy mode. The virtual non-contrast (VNC) images were derived from the portal data using liver virtual non-contrast software. 117 patients with common benign liver diseases were retrospectively analyzed in CNC and VNC. The lesion detectability, effective radiation doses for single-energy mode and dual-energy mode were compared. Results Among 117 patients, there were 28 (73.6%) hemangiomas, 58 (85.3%) calcifications or stones in VNC, but the hemangiomas, calcifications or stones in CNC were 37 (97.3%) and 68 (100%), respectively. The hemangiomas, calcifications or stones in VNC and CNC were significantly different (P < 0.05). The detection of cyst and hepatic steatosis on VNC images were similar as CNC(P > 0.05). The CTDIvol, DLP and ED of dual-energy mode were obviously lower than those of single-energy mode (P < 0.05). Conclusion The detection of hemangiomas, calcifications or stones on VNC images is lower than CNC images. There is no difference in detecting cyst and hepatic steatosis. In addition, radiation dose will be reduced due to adopting VNC.VNC has potential clinical application value.

Objective To compare the CT features and pathology of pulmonary solitary fibrous tumor (SFT),to improve the diagnosis and differential diagnosis.Methods CT images and corresponding pathological results of 14 cases with pulmonary SFT were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among the 14 cases,6 were in the right lung and other 8 were in the left.The maximum diameters of tumors were ranged from 2.5 cm to 20.0 cm,and 6 cases were over 10.0 cm.All 14 cases represented as irregular solid nodule or mass,4 as unclear boundary and 1 as lobulation.Most of the cases showed heterogeneous and progressive enhancement.The light microscopy showed that tumor tissues were mainly composed of collagen fibers and spindle cells with different proliferation degrees,and 3 cases showed atypia cells.There were abundant blood vessels in the intercellular substance.Immunohistochemistry were done in 13 cases,presenting Bcl-2,CD99 and Vimentin positive expressions in all cases and CD34 expression in 9.Conclusion The CT features of pulmonary SFT are related to pathological features.CT scan is important in the localization and qualitative diagnosis of pulmonary SFT,and obvious inhomogeneous map-like and progressive enhancement should be considered for the diagnosis of SFT.

Objective:To analyze the efficacy and safety of radium-223 in the treatment of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).Methods:The clinical data of 22 patients with mCRPC treated with radium-223 in the Chongqing University Cancer Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. The average age was (70.7±1.3)years old. There were 7 cases with ECOG score of 1 and 15 cases with ECOG score of 2. There were 7 cases with grade 2 and 15 cases with grade 3 bone metastasis. For mCRPC, 1 case (4.6%) received first-line treatment, 4 cases (18.2%) received second-line treatment, 10 cases (45.5%) received third-line treatment, 4 cases (18.2%) received fourth-line treatment, and 3 cases (13.6%) received fifth-line treatment. The median time from the diagnosis of mCRPC to the start of radium-223 treatment was 29 (20, 34) months. Radium-223 (55kbq/kg) was injected intravenously every 4 weeks for up to 6 cycles. Before treatment, the median alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was 147.0 (101.8, 212.5)U/L, the median prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 44.7(20.2, 99.1)ng/ml, and 6 patients (27.3%) were complicated with grade 1-2 anemia. The median hemoglobin was 115.0 (103.8, 122.5) g/L, the average neutrophil was (3.0 ± 0.3)×10 9/L, and the average platelet was (169.8 ± 17.0)×10 9/L. The overall survival (OS), radiographic progression-free survival time (rPFS), time to PSA progression, PSA response rate, pain response rate, and time to pain progression were analyzed. Stratified analysis was carried out according to the number of treatment lines experienced before radium-223 treatment. At the same time, the main adverse reactions during radium-223 treatment were analyzed. Results:The mean number of treatment courses with radium-223 was 2.7(ranging 1 to 6), with 4 patients completing 6 courses, 12 (54.6%) completing ≥ 3 courses, and 10 (45.5%) completing < 3 courses. Thirteen patients (59.1%) were treated with radium-223 alone and 9 (40.9%) in combination with other treatments (1 of docetaxel chemotherapy, 2 of enzalutamide, 3 of olaparib, and 3 of estramustine phosphate). None of the patients in this group were treated with bisphosphonates. Ten patients (45.5%) in this group died, all due to disease progression. The median overall survival time of the 22 cases was 11.0 (2.2, 19.8) months. Three patients (13.6%), 7 patients (31.8%), 3 patients (13.6%), and 1 patient (4.5%) showed radiographic progression at 2, 3, 4, and 10 months after treatment, respectively, while the remaining 8 patients (36.4%) did not show radiographic progression during the follow-up period, and the median radiographic progression free time for the 22 patients was 4.0 (3.1, 4.9) months. There were four cases (18.2%) showed PSA response, of which three cases (13.6%) showed PSA rising again later, and one case (4.5%) showed continuous PSA decline. The median time to PSA progression for the 22 patients was 3.6 (2.2, 5.1) months. Fifteen patients (68.2%) experienced pain response at 1 month of treatment, of whom 5 (22.7%) experienced increased pain later and 10 (45.5%) experienced sustained pain relief. The median time to pain progression was 5.5 (3.5, 7.6) months in 22 patients. No patients received radiotherapy or surgery for pain, and no patients experienced fracture. In this group, 7 patients (31.8%) had a post-treatment ALP decrease ≥30% from baseline. Major adverse events during radium-223 treatment were all grade 1 to 2 events, no grade ≥3 adverse events, and no treatment discontinuers due to adverse events.Conclusions:Radium-223 resulted in high pain response rates and prolonged OS, rPFS and time to PSA progression in patients with mCRPC. Adverse effects were low during treatment. The conclusions need to be validated by further expansion of the sample size and extended follow-up.