Objective To investigate the application of total parenteral nutrition with alanyl-glutamine dipeptide in postoperative patients of gastrointestinal neoplasms.Methods Sixty-four postoperative patients of gastrointestinal neoplasms were randomly divided into study group and control group.The patients in the two groups all received isocaloric(96.0 kJ?kg-1?d-1)and isonitrogen(0.25 g?kg-1?d-1)parenteral nutrition from postoperative day 1 to day 7,and the study group received additional alanyl-glutamine.The serum levels of albumin,pre-albumin,IgG,IgA,IgM,C3,C4 were measured before operation and on postoperative day 1 and 8.Nitrogen balance was calculated on postoperative day 1,4 and 8.Results Compared with preoperation,the serum levels of albumin and pre-albumin were both significantly decreased in two groups(P

Objective To explore the pathogenesis, pathomorphology, diagnosis and management of cholecystoduodenal fistula(CDF). Methods Clinical data of 11 cases of CDF admitted in our hospital in recent 17 years were analyzed retrospectively. Results All the patients were confirmed and treated by operation.Ten CDF were caused by cholecystitis and cholelithiasis,another one was caused by peptic ulcer.Only one case of CDF was diagnosed before operation. Nine patients were cured, and two patients died of severity infection of abdomen postoperatively. Conclusions Most CDF are caused by cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. X-ray film of abdomen,barium meal examination and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) are more useful for the diagnosis of CDF. The therapeutic principle of CDF is cholecystectomy,removing calculus, and repairing fistula with or without common bile duct exploration and/or bilioenterostomy.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the superinfection and multidrug resistance of patients in ICU.METHODS(Isolation),cultivation,and identification of ESBLs and drug-sensitivity tests to 17 antibiotics in 219 clinical(specimens) from ICU were conducted.Susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion(KB) method,(according) the NCCLs standard to manipulate and judge the results.interim sensitivity was ascribed to resistance.RESULTS Totally 219 cases of patients with bacterial infection in ICU,in which there were 132 cases of patients with superinfection(60.3%),in the same time,100 cases of patients with bacterial infection in general wards,in which there were only 11 cases of patients with superinfection(11%),the superinfection in ICU and general wards had significant deference(P(

Objective: To compare the clinical effect of operation and manual reduction in the treatment of ankle fracture and provide guidance for clinical practice. Methods: From March 2015 to March 2018, 88 cases of ankle fracture who admitted and treated in the People's Hospital of Xianju County were selected as the observation objects.Forty-eight patients in the operation group were treated with surgery.Forty cases in the manipulation group were treated by manipulation reduction.The two groups were followed up for half a year, and the rate of excellent and good reduction, hospitalization time, hospitalization cost, fracture healing time, excellent and good recovery rate of ankle joint function, ankle joint function score and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results: The positive and negative rate of reduction in the operation group was 93.75%(45/48), which was higher than 75.00%(30/40) in the manipulation group(χ²=6.092, P<0.05). The length and cost of hospitalization in the operation group were (17.56±3.12)d, (14 265.56±1 543.78)CNY, respectively, which in the manipulation group were (6.42±2.25)d, (2 565.56±487.69)CNY, respectively.There were statistically significant differences between the two groups(t=18.856, 46.019, all P<0.05). The healing time of fracture in the operation group was (9.12±1.25)weeks, which was shorter than that in the manipulation group[(11.56±2.36)weeks](t=6.200, P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in ankle function score between the two groups(P>0.05). The excellent and good rate of ankle function recovery in the operation group was 95.83%(46/48), which in the manipulation group was 92.50%(37/40), there was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05). The incidence rate of complications in the operation group was 14.58%(7/48), which was higher than that in the manipulation group [2.50%(1/40)](χ²=3.855, P<0.05). Conclusion The treatment of ankle fracture by operation and manual reduction has good results, both of which have advantages and disadvantages.The treatment cost of manual reduction is less than surgery, and the length of hospitalization is shorter than surgery.However, the fracture healing time is long, and a reasonable treatment plan can be developed in combination with the patients' condition and family economy.

Objective To explore the feasibility of detecting the cytokeratin 20 (CK-20) mRNA in exfoliated urothelial cells for the diagnosis of bladder carcinoma. Methods Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of CK-20 mRNA in cells collected from the urine of 45 cases of bladder cancer, 15 cases of cystitis accompanied by hematuria, 10 healthy volunteers, and 7 different cell lines, including bladder cancer cell line T24, kidney cancer 786-0 and GRC-1, breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435, and ovary cancer SKOV 3 and 3AO. Results CK-20 mRNA expression was detected in 36 of 41 cases of bladder transitional cell carcinoma (87.80%), in 18 of the 21 GⅠ patients (85.71%), in 11 of the 13 GⅡ patients (84.62%), in 7 of the 7 GⅢ patients (100%), in 20 of the 22 T a-1 patients (90.91%), and in 16 of the 19T 2-4 patients (84.21%). Sensitivity of the method was found to be 87.80%, whereas specificity was 73.33%. In 15 patients with hematuria, there were 4 cases of false positive: 1 case of BPH, 1 case of atypical hyperplasia, 1 case of chronic inflammation, and 1 case undergoing TURP previously. CK-20 amplification band was also obtained in all of 19 cases of bladder transitional cell tumor tissues and bladder cancer cell line T24, but not in 4 patients with non-transitional cell carcinoma and 6 other tumor cell lines. No false positive cases were found in the healthy control group. Conclusion These results suggest that CK-20 might be a useful tumor marker for early noninvasive diagnosis and follow-up of bladder cancer by detecting CK-20 mRNA expression of uroepithelial cells from the voided urine specimen by RT-PCR.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To explore the role of SHARPIN in regulation of Rip1 in castration-resistant prostate cancer LNCaP-AI cells.METHODS:The LNCaP-AI cells were treated with TNF-α+Z-VAD ( an inhibitor of pan-caspase) to activate necroptosis, which were compared to the cells treated with TNF-α+Z-VAD+Nec-1 ( an inhibitor of Rip1 ) .A blank group and a TNF-α-treated group were set up as controls.The cell viability in each group was measured by MTS as-say.In addition, SHARPIN was knocked down by siRNA, and the inhibitory efficiency was evaluated by RT-qPCR.The expression of Rip1 at mRNA and protein levels after knocking down SHARPIN was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot to explore the underlying mechanism of regulatory network of necroptosis in prostate cancer.RESULTS: Compared with blank control group and TNF-α-treated group, the viability of LNCaP-AI cells treated with TNF-α+Z-VAD decreased by 28%(P<0.05).After treated with TNF-α+Z-VAD+Nec-1, the LNCaP-AI cells showed no significant difference in the viability compared with blank control and TNF-α-treated groups.Taken together, necroptosis may be an important way of cell death in LNCaP-AI cells.Besides, the expression of Rip1 at protein level was up-regulated following the inhibition of SHARPIN using siRNA, indicating that down-regulation of SHARPIN enhanced necroptosis via activating Rip1 in
LNCaP-AI cells.CONCLUSION:Necroptosis is an important way of cell death .Inhibition of oncogenic factor SHARPIN enhances necroptosis via activating Rip1 in LNCaP-AI cells.

Objective To establish an indirect immunofluorescence assay for detection of murine norovirus ( MNV) .Methods Mouse leukaemic monocyte macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 cells were infected with MNV-1 and cultured for 36 hours to collect the virus and uninfected cells , and to make antigen glass slides .BALB/c mice were gavaged with MNV-1 (107 TCID50) and infected sera were collected as positive control .The serum was 1:10 diluted and used for measuring MNV antibody by immunofluorescence assay ( IFA ) .80 serum samples were tested using the two methods , IFA and ELISA, and the discrepant samples were validated by Western blotting .Results RAW264.7 cells were infected with MNV-1 for 36-48 h, showing an infection rate of 60% of the cells, and the cells infected for 36 h were preferred.IFA method was used to detect the serum with MNV-1 infection and showed that the antibody content was gradually increased at one week after infection , reaching a maximum antibody concentration at 4 weeks after infection , and maintained a stable level later .The mouse serum at four weeks after MNV-1infection was used as positive quality control . Among the 80 serum samples , 27 positive and 53 negative cases were detected by IFA method , and 32 positive and 48 negative cases were detected by ELISA .The five discrepant samples were verified by Western blotting , resulted in 3 positive and 2 negative cases . The coincidence rate of IFA was 96.0% and that of ELISA methods was 97.5%. Conclusions Basically, immunofluorescence assay can be used to detect the MNV-1 infection in mice, although false negative result may occur occasionally .IFA and ELISA detection can be selected as initial screening measures , and use Western blot assay to verify the discrepant samples .

Objective In order to establish a rhesus monkey model of p53 gene silencing, firstly we screened and determined the effective silencing targets of p53 gene at the cellular level in rhesus monkey.Methods The expression of p53 gene was detected in COS-7 cells ( derived from the kidney of the African Green Monkey, Cercopithecus aethiops).Three small hairpin RNA ( shRNA) sequences targeting rhesus monkey p53 gene were designed, analysed by bioinformatics, and inserted into lentivirus-based gene silencing constructs FUGW-TDT.The plasmids of p53-RNAi and control vector were transfected into the COS-7 cells, respectively.The suppression of p53 mRNA was detected by real-time PCR, and the changes of p53 protein expression were detected by Western blot assay.Results p53 gene expression was detected in COS-7 cells.Bioinformatics analysis showed that three gene-silencing sequences were screened which lied in the open reading frame ( ORF) region and targeted 238 -258bp, 681 -701bp, 169 -189bp of the rhesus monkey p53 mRNA.At 48 hrs after transfection of the three silencing constructs, p53 mRNA was suppressed by(87.17 ±4.03)%, ( 72.62 ±4.11)% and(76.22 ±0.98 )%, and p53 protein was suppressed by ( 84.44 ±2.18 )%, ( 71.04 ±1.18)% and ( 74.17 ±0.95 )%, respectively. Conclusions We obtained three effective target sequences showing high efficiency in p53silencing, which can be used in further studies on gene silencing in rhesus monkey.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease.

METHODSA total of 589 children from Xianju county, Zhejiang province with hand-foot-mouth disease in 2013 were recruited in the study and the diagnosis went through clinical and laboratory confirmation. Attributes that were analyzed included gender, age, month of occurrence, regional distribution and clinical presentation.

RESULTSThe incidence rate of hand-foot-mouth disease in Xianju county for the year was 102.72/100 000, with 12 severe cases but no death. There were clearly more boys than girls, with a male to female ratio of 1.29 :1, which was statistically significant (χ(2) = 14.274, P < 0.001). The vast majority of patients were 0-3 years old, representing 94.74% of the patients. The occurrences were concentrated in the period from April to August and November, with April as the high-incidence season. High incidence areas were the countryside and suburbs, making up 45.50% and 30.73%, respectively, of all cases. Most patients were in preschools or scattered home care environments, accounting for 51.10% and 40.92% , respectively. Clinical presentation was characterized by fever and various kinds of vesicles or papules at the hand, foot, mouth or buttocks.

CONCLUSIONMost of hand-foot-mouth disease cases occur in younger children in areas with inadequate knowledge of hygiene, with seasonal variation.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects ofGynura segetum in rats with hepatic veno-occlusive disease (HVOD).

METHODSSixty Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to a blank control group, one of three Gynura segetum treatment groups (low-dose group, 5.0 g/kg; mid-dose group, 10 g/kg; high-dose group, 20 g/kg), or a pseudo-drug group (10 g/kg of pseudo-ginseng). After 28 days of treatment, effects on white blood cell count, coagulation, secreted factors from vascular endothelium, and histopathology of the spleen were observed and inter-group differences were statistically assessed.

RESULTSAfter the 4-week administration, all rats in the Gynura segetum treatment groups showed decrease in body weight, increases in numbers of leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils.decreases in platelets and platelet hematocrit, and increases in mean platelet volume and platelet distribution.In addition, the Gynura segetum treatments increased the prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, prothrombin ratio and international normalized ratio, but decreased the PT%, fibrinogen level and platelet aggregation.Serum levels of endothelin and nitric oxide were also elevated by the Gynura segetum treatments.All measured parameters showed significant differences from the control group (P less than 0.01 or less than 0.05).Finally, the splenic follicles were significantly reduced and the spleens showed an absence of germinal centers along with a large number of diffuse lymphocytes and reduced red pulp sinusoids.

CONCLUSIONThe Gynura segetum treatment has some toxic effects; it can reduce platelet count and platelet hematocrit, inhibit blood clotting time and platelet aggregation, increase the secretion of factors from the vascular endothelium and disrupt spleen histology.

Animals ; Asteraceae ; Blood Coagulation ; Blood Platelets ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endothelium, Vascular ; Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease ; Platelet Count ; Prothrombin Time ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley