Objective To investigate the imaging features of chest CT and characteristics of laboratory tests in microscopic polyangitis (MPA) with pulmonary infection. Methods Based on the results of sputum culture, 42 patients with MPA were divided into two groups, MPA with pulmonary infection (16 cases)and MPA without pulmonary infection (26 cases). The results of chest CT images and laboratory tests were compared between the 2 groups by χ2 test (or Fisher exact test) and student t test (or Mann-Whitney U test), respectively. Results Compared with patients without pulmonary infection, patients with pulmonary infection showed patchy opacities(15/16 cases versus 14/26 cases,χ2=5.631,P=0.018)and consolidations(7/16 cases versus 2/26 cases,χ2=5.657,P=0.017)more frequently. Patchy opacities showed peripheral distribution less frequently in the MPA with pulmonary infection group than in the MPA without pulmonary infection group (6/15cases versus 12/14 cases,P=0.021). Patients with pulmonary infection showed the same frequent as the patients without pulmonary infection in the following CT findings including ground glass opacities, pleural effusions, mediastinal adenopathy and pulmonary fibrosis (P>0.05). The MPA with pulmonary infection group had higher neutrophil ratio than the MPA without pulmonary infection group (0.84 ± 0.12 versus 0.74 ± 0.11,t= 2.845,P= 0.007). Conclusions The MPA patients with pulmonary infection show patchy opacities and consolidations more frequently, and have higher neutrophil ratio than the MPA without pulmonary infection. The characteristics can be helpful in the diagnosis of pulmonary infection in the MPA patients and guild the treatment.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Niduqing on chronic renal failure (CRF) and the indexes of serum fibrosis. Methods Thirty four patients of CRF involved in the prospective study were randomly divided into contrast group and treatment group. The treatment group was given Niduqing combined with Yinxingdamo and Zhiling Capsule, and the contrast group was given Bao Quan oxygen amylum instead of Niduqing. The Change of the indexes of serum fibrosis and kidney function were observed. Results HA, PC-Ⅲ and LN in serum of CRF patients were higer than normal obviously (P

Objective To establish a rat model of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP) and investigate the histopathological characteristics of CNP in rat. Methods The prostate tissues of 4 male SD rats were taken out under aseptic condition,and prostate tissue homogenate supernate (PTHS) was made.Another 20 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and CNP group with 10 rats each.Each rat of group CNP was immunized with 1.0 ml PTHS (20 mg/ml) emulsified by isopyknic Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) intradermally in the multiple points,and simultaneously immunized with 0.5 ml pertussisdiphtheria-tetanus (PDT) vaccine intraperitoneally on 0 and 30th day.Each rat of control group was injected with equivalent normal saline in the same way.Rats from each group were sacrificed 45 days after immunization,and the prostates were harvested under aseptic condition.Prostatic tissues were examined macropathologically and histologically for degree of inflammation.Another 80 CNP rats were established after confirming success of the modeling.They were divided into high-dose androgen group (H),medial-dose androgen group (M),low-dose androgen group (L) and control group (C) with 20 in each.Rats of group H,M and L were injected with different concentrations of testosterone propionate ( 1,2,4 mg/ml).Rats of group C were injected with sterilized peanut oil.O.5 ml was applied through subcutaneous injection every other day.Each group was equally divided into 4 subgroups,in which the durations of medication were 1,2,4 and 6 weeks,respectively.After the expiration of the injection,animals from each subgroup were sacrificed and the macropathological and histological features of the prostatic tissues were examined as above. Results Macroscopic features of prostate tissues of group CNP at the 45th day were serious congestion and edema,adhesion with surrounding tissues,aneretic prostate capsule and so on.Histologically,the prostatic tissues were characterized by lymphoid tissue proliferation and chronic inflammatory cell infiltration in the stromal connective tissue around the acini or ducts.The rats of control group showed no inflammatory manifestations as above.After injection of testosterone propionate,the inflammatory degree of the CNP rats was lessen in varying degrees.For example,the destructive glands and stroma appeared repair and regeneration,the lymphoid tissue proliferation was alleviated,and the locations,ranges and amount of chronic inflammatory cell infiltration were also decreased.Furthermore,the relief of inflammatory degree had a positive correlation with the concentration and duration of testosterone propionate.The degree of inflammation in group C scarcely changed. Finally,the histopathological characteristics of CNP in rat model were summarized according to the results of histopathology,including inflammation locations,ranges and grades.Inflammation locations:①inflammation in the glands referred to the inflammatory cell infiltration in the ductal epithelium,alveolar epithelial and (or)glandular cavity; ②inflammation in the periglandular tissues referred to the inflammatory cell infiltration in the stroma and around the glandulartube; ③inflammation in the stroma referred to the inflammatory cell infiltration in the stroma without the glandulartube.Inflammation-rangeg:①focal inflammation indicates that the area of inflammatory cell infiltration was less than 10％ ; ②multifocal inflammation indicates that the area of inflammatory cell infiltration ranged from 10％ to 50％ ; ③diffuse inflammation indicates that the area of inflammatory cell infiltration was more than 50％.Inflammation grades:①grade Ⅰ meant that scattered inflammatory cells were in the specific area,cell count 1 - 10/HP; ②grade Ⅱ meant that inflammatory cell assembled without glandular epithelial tissue destruction or lymphoid nodule/follicle formation,cell count l1 -20/HP; ③grade Ⅲ meant that inflammatory cell assembled with part of glandular epithelial tissue destruction or lymphoid nodule/follicle formation,cell count ＞ 20/HP; ④grade Ⅳ meant that inflammatory cell assembled with a mass of glandular epithelial tissue destruction or lymphoid nodule/follicle formation,cell count full field of vision/HP. Conclusions The CNP rat model can be established by immunized with syngeneic PTHS plus FCA and PDT.The histopathological characteristics of CNP in rat can be evaluated according to the locations,ranges and grades of inflammation,which serve for further research of pathogenesis and treatment of this disease.

Objective To study the effects of TNF -?and sTNFRⅠon IL -8production and proliferatio n of psoriatic keratinocytes.Methods In vitro cultured keratinocytes were treated with TNF -?,sTNFRⅠand an-ti -TNFRⅠ.IL -8levels in supernatants were me asured by enzyme-linked immunosobent assay.Expression of IL -8mRNA in keratinocytes was observed by semiquantitive RT -PCR and Southern blotting.Proliferation index wa s measured by MTT colorimetry.Results IL -8levels,mRNA expression and pro liferation index were significantl y higher in psoriatic patients than th ose in control group(P

OBJECTIVE:To study the spermicidal and antibacterial effects of tannic acid from Chinese gall.METHODS:Human sperm samples of 20 subjects were taken for spermicidal tests in vitro in accordance with the standard method recommended by WTO.The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration(MIC and MBC)of tannic acid from Chinese gall on bacterium coli and staphylococcus aureus were detected.RESULTS:The lowest effective spermicidal concentration of tannic acid at 20s was 20mg? mL-1.The MIC and MBC of tannic acid against bacterium coli(3 strains)were 0.195～ 0.390mg? mL-1 and 0.390～ 0.780 mg? mL-1 respectively,against staphylococcus aureus(2 strains)were 0.049～ 0.098mg? mL-1 and 0.195～ 0.390mg? mL-1 respectively.CONCLUSION:Tannic acid from Chinese gall showed potent coagulating effect on spermatines and remarkable antibacterial effect,and which is expected to be an effective and safe vaginal spermicidal and antibacterial agent,further study on which remains to be carried out.

Objective To investigate the anti-arrhythmias mechanism of nardostachyos chinensis batal by intracardiac electrophysiologic study. Methods Intracardiac electrophysiologic study were performed in 40 supraventricular tachycardia(SVT)patients before and after oral nardostachys chinensis batal administraton,and the results were compared with 35 SVT patients or normal persons without nardostachys chineusis batal intake. Results The atrial effective,relative,functional refractory periods(AERP,ARRP,AFRP)and ventricular ERP(VERP)were significantly longer in nardostachyos chinensis batal administration group than control(AFRP(358 ± 76)ms vs.(256 ±69)ms;ARRP(365 ±74)ms vs.(287 ±55)ms;VERP(264 ± 36)ms vs.(213 ± 27)ms respectively);but the sinus and atrioventricular node function had no changes. Conclusions The anti-arrhythmia mechanism of nardostachyos chinensis batal were related to the prolonged cardiac refractory periods and the reduced cardiac excitability.

Objective To prospectively assess the therapeutic procedure and outcome of MR-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy in patients with venous vascular malformations of the extremities. Methods Fifty-seven percutaneous sclerotherapy treatments were performed under MR guidance in 28 patients with venous vascular malformation. Assessment was conducted to analyze (1) individual success of therapy, (2) improvement of clinical symptoms, ( 3 ) occurrence of complications, (4) volume changes at follow-up examinations, (5) contrast-to -noise ration (CNR) changes. Paired-t test was used to compare the volume and CNR of pre- and postintervention. Results All MR-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy were performed successfully and without serious complications. Individual predominant symptoms were improved, especially about the pain and functional impairment. The mean lesion volumes of pre- and post-intervention were (56. 8 ± 11.7 ) cm3 and ( 27.0 ± 7.2 ) cm3 respectively, which showed significant difference ( t = 8. 90, P < 0. 01 ). The percentage of volume shrinkage ranged from 28. 5% to 74. 4% [ mean ( 54. 4 ± 5. 3 ) % ]. The CNR of the pre and post-interventional images were 21.9 ± 2. 0 and 8.4 ± 0. 9 respectively. There was significant difference(t = 21.76, P < 0.01 ) between them, and the percentages of CNR decrease were 40.0% to 78. 0% [ the mean(61.0 ± 3.6)%]. Conclusion MR-guided sclerotherapy of venous vascular malformations of the extremities is a safe and efficient technique.

BACKGROUND:It is accepted that the best method for spermatogonial stem cells separation is using artificial cryptorchism model combined with surface makers.OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility of separation spermatogonial stem cells with ?6-integrin and c-kit as specific surface markers.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The randomized control experiment was performed at the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from May to December 2006.MATERIALS:Forty adult,white Kunming mice with 6 weeks old were randomly divided into cryptorchidism and control groups,with 20 animals in each group.METHODS:Artificial cryptorchidism model was prepared by made an incision at the median of abdomen,and testis was pulled into abdominal cavity,which was fixed at the each side of lateral abdominal wall.There was no treatment in the control group.The single cell suspension of seminiferous epithelium was obtained by traditional two step enzyme digestion at 2-3 months after operation.FITC-conjugated anti-?6-intergrin antibody and PE-conjugated anti-c-kit antibodies were added.Then the cells with low side scatter light-scattering properties were sorted and positively stained for ?6-intergrin and negative c-kit expression.Meanwhile,the viability of the isolated cells was assessed by trypan blue staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The morphological changes of cryptorchidism,and the sorting results of spermatogonial stem cells.RESULTS:Cell distribution in seminiferous tubule was disorder with reduced numbers.The layer and lumens were disappeared,and cell division phase could be seen in the center of tubules.Compared to the control group,the testicular cells in the cryptorchidism group were increased in the side scatterlow,Forward scatterhi areas,with figure left-upward displacement.The distribution of ?6-integrin+ and c-kit cells were deviated each other,it named that most ?6-integrin+ cell were not spermatogonial stem cells,so do the c-kit-cells.Only 2.8% of testicular cells exhibited side scatterlow,?6-integrin+,and c-kit-,which were spermatogonial stem cells in the cryptorchidism group.And trypan blue staining showed that over 95% of them were viable.CONCLUSION:Using the two surface markers to sort spermatogonial stem cells can advance the purity of the spermatogonial stem cells in cell suspension,but the specificity is insufficient.

Objective To explore the regularity between the change of urine osmotic pressure to the syndrome of kidney Yin deficiency and kidney Yang deficiency in patients with chronic kidney disease,to provide an objective evident for the syndrome differentiation of TCM and the judgment of renal function.Methods Urine osmolality and renal function of one hundred and twenty-one patients with chronic kidney disease,belonging to the syndrome of kidney Yin deficiency of kidney Yang deficiency,were detected.The connection between urine osmolality,renal function and TCM syndromes of kidney Yin deficiency and kidney Yang deficiency and the relation of TCM symptom score between them were analyzed.Results The research suggested an obvious link between urine osmolality,renal function and the TCM Syndromes of kidney Yin deficiency and kidney Yang deficiency in Chronic kidney disease.It also suggested an obvious correlation between the urine osmolality and TCM symptom scores.Conclusion The determination of urine osmolality can provide an objective evident for differentiating syndromes of kidney Yin deficiency or kidney Yang deficiency in chronic renal disease.

Objective To investigate the clinical features , diagnosis and key technique points of laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy for small adrenal pheochromocytoma . Methods From Oct.2006 to Jun. 2011, clinical data of 32 cases with small adrenal pheochromocytoma (≤3.0 cm) were collected and retro-spectively analyzed .Hypertension was observed in 12 patients, whereas 20 patients presented with adrenal incidentaloma .Thirteen patients had a left adrenal neoplasm , eighteen patients had a right adrenal tumor , while one patients had bilateral tumors .The positive rate of plasma-free metanephrines ( MNs) and 24-hours urinary catecholamine (CA) in diagnosing small renal pheochromocytomas was 92.6%(25/27) and 81.3%(26/32) respectively.The main localization diagnosis included ultrasonography , 131I-MIBG, and CT or MRI, with positive rates of 71.9%(23/32), 93.8%(15/16) and 96.9%(31/32) respectively.All the laparoscopic adrenalectomies were performed retroperitoneally .During the surgery , the internal part of the adrenal gland closing to the retroperitoneum was dissected first , and the whole adrenal gland was resected completely. Results Partial adrenalectomy was performed for 30 cases and radical adrenalectomy for 2 ca-ses.All operations were successful without perioperative or postoperative complications .The maximum diame-ter of tumor was 1.7±0.2 (1.0-3.0) cm.Histopathological results showed that all the cases were benign pheochromocytoma.The operative time was 82 (40-210) min.The estimated blood loss was 57 (20-180) ml.No patient required blood transfusion . Conclusions Plasma-free MNs, 24-hours urinary CA and VMA are important qualitative examinations in detection of adrenal pheochromocytoma .Ultrasonography , CT,MRI, and 131 I-MIBG are important in the localization of adrenal tumors .Retroperitoneal laparascopic partial adrenalectomy is the preferred choice in the management of small adrenal pheochromocytoma .Dissecting the internal part of the adrenal gland closing to the retroperitoneum first and exploring the whole adrenal tissue are the key technique points during the operations .