This paper summarizes the relevant literatures at home and abroad in recent years, and concludes that the active constituents of Aconiti radix treating rheumatoid arthritis mainly by reducing the tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, -6, -8, vascular endothelial growth factor, nuclear factor B, transient receptor potential vanillic acid. Receptor type 1 expression and up-regulating the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 levels.

Objective To investigate the effect of remimazolam combined with esmketamine adjuvant medicines on anaesthetic effect and mental symptom in puerperae undergoing cesarean section.Methods Ninety-six full-term puerperae during cesarean section under combined spinal-epidural anesthe-sia,aged 24-38 years,BMI 24-35 kg/m2,ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ.All the puerperae were divided into three groups using random number table:remimazolam combined with esketamine group(group RK),esketamine group(group K),and control group(group C),32 puerperae in each group.After the delivery of the fetus,puerperae in group RK were given intravenous injection of remimazolam 0.1 mg/kg,and then intravenous pumping of estaketamine 0.25 mg/kg which was diluted to 20 ml with normal saline(finished in 30 minutes),puerperae in group K were given intravenous pumping of estaketamine 0.25 mg/kg which was diluted to 20 ml with normal saline(finished in 30 minutes),puerperae in group C were given the same dose of normal saline.All puerperae were given PCIA after operation.The anesthetic effect from the fetus de-livery to the end of operation were recorded(grade Ⅰ,no pain;grade Ⅱ,slight pain;grade Ⅲ,with sig-nificant pain).The adverse reactions such as hypertension,tachycardia,and mental symptoms(nystagmus,dizziness,nightmares and hallucinations)during surgery were recorded.The score of Edinburgh postpartum depression scale(EPDS)and incidence of postpartum depression(PPD)at 1 week and 4 weeks after sur-gery were recorded.Results Compared with group C,the proportion of grade Ⅰ anesthetic effect in groups,RK and K was significantly increased,and the proportion of grade Ⅲ anesthetic effect was signifi-cantly decreased(P＜0.05),the EPDS score and the incidence of PPD were significantly decreased at 1 week and 4 weeks after surgery(P＜0.05).Compared with group K,the incidence of mental symptoms during surgery in group RK was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),EPDS score was significantly decreased at 1 week and 4 weeks after surgery(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the in-cidences of hypertension,tachycardia between the three groups.Conclusion Remimazolam combined with esketamine for cesarean section can improve the anesthetic effect during surgery,reduce the incidence of in-traoperative mental sympton,decrease the postpartum EPDS score,optimize postpartum depression.

OBJECTIVE To provide a reference for the safe use of thrombopoietin receptor agonists romiplostim and eltrombopag in clinic. METHODS FDA adverse event reporting system （FAERS） in the United States was adopted to collect adverse drug event （ADE） reports of romiplostim and eltrombopag from their launch in the United States to September 30， 2022； the ADE signals of the two drugs were analyzed using the reporting odds ratio （ROR） method and the comprehensive standard method of the UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency. RESULTS A total of 14 021 and 4 431 ADE reports were collected about romiplostim and eltrombopag， respectively， with a gender composition of more females than males. After signal screening， 563 ADE signals were obtained about romiplostim， involving 25 system organ classes （SOC）； eltrombopag had 433 ADE signals， involving 26 SOC. The most frequently reported ADE for both drugs was platelet count decreased （2 060， 1 585 cases）， which was mentioned in their drug instructions. In terms of signal intensity， romiplostim exhibited the highest signal for abnormal thrombopoietin levels （ROR of 2 268.85）， while eltrombopag had the highest signal for positive dengue virus test （ROR of 954.50）， with neither of these signals mentioned in their respective drug instructions. CONCLUSIONS The ADE of romiplostim and eltrombopag mainly affects the blood and lymphatic system， and there are many new suspicious high-risk signals.

Objective To investigate the effect of esketamine combined with ropivacaine in pa-tients with cesarean section undergoing patient-controlled epidural analgesia(PCEA).Methods A total of 76 full-term pregnant women who delivered cesarean section under combined lumbo-epidural anesthesia were selected,and randomly divided into group K(esketamine)and group C(control),with 38 cases in each group.Group K was given analgesic pump formula(esketamine 50 mg+ropiv-acaine 200 mg),group C was given analgesic pump formula(ropivacaine 200 mg).Numerical pain scores(NRS)at rest and activity(hip flexion)were observed in two groups at 6,12,24,36 and 48 h after surgery.The 40-item Recovery Quality Scale(QoR-40)scores was compared between the two groups.The occurrence of postoperative adverse reactions was compared between the two groups.Results The NRS scores of the group K were significantly lower than that of the group C at rest 24,36 and 48 hours after operation(P＜0.05);the NRS scores of the group K were significantly lower than that of the group C at 12,24,36 and 48 h after operation(P＜0.05).The QoR-40 scores of the group K were significantly higher than that of the group C at 1 day and 2 days after operation(P＜0.05).The incidence of postoperative chills,nausea and vomiting in the group K was signifi-cantly lower than that in the group C(P＜0.05).Conclusion Esketamine combined with ropiva-caine for PCEA after cesarean section can optimize analgesic effect,reduce adverse reactions and im-prove recovery quality.

Objective To investigate the effect of esketamine combined with ropivacaine in pa-tients with cesarean section undergoing patient-controlled epidural analgesia(PCEA).Methods A total of 76 full-term pregnant women who delivered cesarean section under combined lumbo-epidural anesthesia were selected,and randomly divided into group K(esketamine)and group C(control),with 38 cases in each group.Group K was given analgesic pump formula(esketamine 50 mg+ropiv-acaine 200 mg),group C was given analgesic pump formula(ropivacaine 200 mg).Numerical pain scores(NRS)at rest and activity(hip flexion)were observed in two groups at 6,12,24,36 and 48 h after surgery.The 40-item Recovery Quality Scale(QoR-40)scores was compared between the two groups.The occurrence of postoperative adverse reactions was compared between the two groups.Results The NRS scores of the group K were significantly lower than that of the group C at rest 24,36 and 48 hours after operation(P＜0.05);the NRS scores of the group K were significantly lower than that of the group C at 12,24,36 and 48 h after operation(P＜0.05).The QoR-40 scores of the group K were significantly higher than that of the group C at 1 day and 2 days after operation(P＜0.05).The incidence of postoperative chills,nausea and vomiting in the group K was signifi-cantly lower than that in the group C(P＜0.05).Conclusion Esketamine combined with ropiva-caine for PCEA after cesarean section can optimize analgesic effect,reduce adverse reactions and im-prove recovery quality.

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of shikonin on autophagy and apoptosis of human colon cancer HCT 116 cells. METHODS：After treating HCT 116 cells for 48 h with shikonin at 0（blank control ）10，20，40 μg/mL，MTT method was used to detect inhibitory rate of cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis rate. RT-qPCR assay and Western blotting were respectively used to detect mRNA and protein expressions of microtubule associated protein light chain 3（LC3）and autophagy-related protein Beclin- 1 and p 62. RESULTS ：Compared with blank control ，after treated with 10，20，40 μ g/mL shikonin for 48 h，proliferation inhibitory rate and apoptosis rate of HCT 116 cells were increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01）. After treated with 10，20，40 μg/mL shikonin for 48 h，mRNA and protein expressions of LC 3，Beclin-1 and p 62 in HCT116 cells were increased to different extents ；except that mRNA expression of LC 3 was not increased significantly after treated with 10 μg/mL shikonin，the difference were statistically significant in other indexes ，compared with blank control （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：Shikonin can induce the apoptosis of human colon cancer HCT 116 cells and activate its autophagy pathway.

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of benzoyl aconitine （BAC） on autophagy and apoptosis of human lung cancer A549 cells， and to investigate its mechanism in anti-non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS： A549 cells were treated with different doses of BAC （10， 50， 100， 200， 400 μmol/L）， and then cell morphology was obtained； the proliferation inhibition rate of the cell was determined by CCK-8 assay. The cells were divided into control group （without drug）， BAC low-dose and high-dose groups （200， 400 μmol/L）. After treated with relevant drugs， the apoptosis rate of cells was determined by flow cytometry. The gene and protein expression of apoptosis-related factors Bcl-2， Bax， Caspase-3 as well as autophagy-related factors Beclin1， LC3， P62 were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting assay. RESULTS： After treated with different doses of BAC， the cells were shrunken and sparsely arranged； inhibitory rate of cell proliferation was increased significantly in BAC 100， 200， 400 μmol/L groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Results of flow cytometry showed that the apoptotic rates of cells were increased to different extents in BAC low-dose and high-dose groups after treated for 24 and 48 h， in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Compared with control group， mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 and P62 were decreased to different extents in BAC groups； mRNA expression of Bax， Caspase-3， Beclin1 and LC3 as well as protein expression of Bax， Active caspase-3， P62， Beclin1， LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ were increased to different extent； there was statistical significance in mRNA expression of Caspase-3， and protein expression of Bcl-2， Active Caspase-3， Beclin1， LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ and P62 in BAC low-dose group as well as all target mRNA and protein expression in BAC high-dose group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， in dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS： BAC can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of A549 cells， promote Beclin1， LC3（LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ），Bax and Caspase-3 （Active Caspase-3） gene and their protein expression， but inhibit P62 and Bcl-2 gene and their protein expression. The mechanism may be related to BAC inducing apoptosis by promoting excessive autophagy of cells.