Objective We tried to investigate the level of diet knowledge,attitude,practice and dietary information needs in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).Methods A total of 78 UC patients were investigated with self-designed questionnaires about diet knowledge,attitude,practice and dietary information needs.Results The diet knowledge was poor among the patients,and only 11.5％ of them got good score.The attitude was positive but the behavior needed to be further improved.Diet behavior was significantly associated with knowledge,attitude,but the knowledge was not associated with the attitude.Patients with different genders,ages,culture levels,disease severity were not statistically significant in the knowledge,attitude and behavior,and eating behavior in patients with different careers,course of diseases was different,but there was no statistically significant difference in diet knowledge and attitude.37.2％ of patients expressed unsatisfactory feeling about current diet knowledge,79.5％ of the patients expected one-onone individualized instruction by paramedics.Conclusions The medical staff should assess the level of the diet knowledge,attitude,behavior of the patients in the health education,pay close attention to the influenc-ing factors and patients' needs,and provide individualized guidance for patients.

Objective To evaluate the effect of motivational interviewing (MI) on the medication adherence and self-efficacy in patients with ulcerative colitis.Methods Totally 81 patients with ulcerative colitis were randomly divided into the control group(n=40) and the experimental group(n=41).The patients in the control group received routine ulcerative colitis education,while the patients in the experimental group received developed motivational interviewing intervention.The problems existing in treatment course were found out through interview and protocols were made with patients together.Results One and three months after the intervention,the scores of medication adherence in the experimental group were (7.20±0.85) and (6.57±1.02),higher than those of the control group(6.48±0.71) and (5.98±0.85),t=3.868,2.655,both P＜ 0.05.Self-efficacy scored higher in the experimental group than that of the control group,(229.73±14.61) vs.(213.60±13.06),t=5.233,P ＜ 0.01.Conclusions Motivational interviewing is much more effective than routine education on the improvement of medication adherence and self-efficacy in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of Diabetes Diet-Related Quality-of-Life Scale (DDR-QOL) in Chinese version,in order to provide an efficient instrument for assessing the quality of life of diabetes in diet therapy.Methods Translating and edit the DDR-QOL scale initially,275 eligible subjects were invited to the study.DDR-QOL scale and 36 item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used to collect data which were conducted for evaluating the internal consistency,reproducibility,construct validity,convergent and discriminant validity of DDR-QOL.Results The total Cronbach's α was 0.86.The factor analysis suggested good construct validity of DDR-QOL.Significant correlations were found between DDR-QOL and SF-36.The quality of life of diabetes who is on the job or not can be identified by DDR-QOL.Conclusions The Chinese version of DDR-QOL is a valid and reliable tool to assess the quality of life of diabetes who are in diet therapy.

Objective To describe the factors influencing medication compliance of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and provide a reference for health care workers developing effective response plans.Methods In-depth interview was conducted to 10 UC patients and the interview results were analyzed by phenomenology research method.Results There were five factors influence medication compliance of UC patients including drug affect,economic burden,living events,follow-up appointment and stigma.Conclusions The medication compliance of UC patients is mainly related to patients lacking of drugs knowledge,heavy burden on drugs cost and shortage of social support etc.The health education and medication supervision on UC patients should be strengthened and the social health insurance system on UC needed to be improved.

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of shikonin on autophagy and apoptosis of human colon cancer HCT 116 cells. METHODS：After treating HCT 116 cells for 48 h with shikonin at 0（blank control ）10，20，40 μg/mL，MTT method was used to detect inhibitory rate of cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis rate. RT-qPCR assay and Western blotting were respectively used to detect mRNA and protein expressions of microtubule associated protein light chain 3（LC3）and autophagy-related protein Beclin- 1 and p 62. RESULTS ：Compared with blank control ，after treated with 10，20，40 μ g/mL shikonin for 48 h，proliferation inhibitory rate and apoptosis rate of HCT 116 cells were increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01）. After treated with 10，20，40 μg/mL shikonin for 48 h，mRNA and protein expressions of LC 3，Beclin-1 and p 62 in HCT116 cells were increased to different extents ；except that mRNA expression of LC 3 was not increased significantly after treated with 10 μg/mL shikonin，the difference were statistically significant in other indexes ，compared with blank control （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：Shikonin can induce the apoptosis of human colon cancer HCT 116 cells and activate its autophagy pathway.

OBJECTIVETo explore the presence, frequency and clinical value of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in peripheral blood of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

METHODSFlow cytometry using antibodies against CD11b, CD33, CD14 or HLA-DR was conducted to explore the unique cell surface markers of MDSCs and statistical analysis was performed to explore the correlation of MDSCs and clinical features.

RESULTSMDSCs were present in 36 patients with SCLC and uniquely marked by CD11b and CD33-positive, but HLA-DR-negative on cell surfaces and possessed mononuclear phenotype. The levels of CD11b(+)CD33(+)HLA-DR(-)cells (MDSCs) in the SCLC patients and healthy controls were (26.87 ± 6.87)% and (11.04 ± 3.76)%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). MDSCs level was significantly associated with clinical stage and tumor distant metastasis (P < 0.05) , but not with age, sex, smoking status and performance status. The later was the clinical stage, the higher was the MDSCs level (r = 0.665, P < 0.001). The level of MDSCs was higher in SCLC patients with distant metastasis than in those without metastasis (r = 0.489, P = 0.003). The level of MDSCs was higher before treatment than after treatment and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONSThe results of our study demonstrate the existence of MDSCs in SCLC patients and the MDSCs level is associated with SCLC stage, metastasis and treatments. MDSCs might be a novel biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis for SCLC patients.

Flow Cytometry ; HLA-DR Antigens ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Myeloid Cells ; Phenotype ; Prognosis ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of benzoyl aconitine （BAC） on autophagy and apoptosis of human lung cancer A549 cells， and to investigate its mechanism in anti-non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS： A549 cells were treated with different doses of BAC （10， 50， 100， 200， 400 μmol/L）， and then cell morphology was obtained； the proliferation inhibition rate of the cell was determined by CCK-8 assay. The cells were divided into control group （without drug）， BAC low-dose and high-dose groups （200， 400 μmol/L）. After treated with relevant drugs， the apoptosis rate of cells was determined by flow cytometry. The gene and protein expression of apoptosis-related factors Bcl-2， Bax， Caspase-3 as well as autophagy-related factors Beclin1， LC3， P62 were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting assay. RESULTS： After treated with different doses of BAC， the cells were shrunken and sparsely arranged； inhibitory rate of cell proliferation was increased significantly in BAC 100， 200， 400 μmol/L groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Results of flow cytometry showed that the apoptotic rates of cells were increased to different extents in BAC low-dose and high-dose groups after treated for 24 and 48 h， in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Compared with control group， mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 and P62 were decreased to different extents in BAC groups； mRNA expression of Bax， Caspase-3， Beclin1 and LC3 as well as protein expression of Bax， Active caspase-3， P62， Beclin1， LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ were increased to different extent； there was statistical significance in mRNA expression of Caspase-3， and protein expression of Bcl-2， Active Caspase-3， Beclin1， LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ and P62 in BAC low-dose group as well as all target mRNA and protein expression in BAC high-dose group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， in dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS： BAC can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of A549 cells， promote Beclin1， LC3（LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ），Bax and Caspase-3 （Active Caspase-3） gene and their protein expression， but inhibit P62 and Bcl-2 gene and their protein expression. The mechanism may be related to BAC inducing apoptosis by promoting excessive autophagy of cells.